Human tongue - class-IX
Description: human tongue | |
Number of Questions: 64 | |
Created by: Preeti Dasgupta | |
Tags: neural control and coordination sense organs biology windows of knowledge |
Cranial nerves carries taste information from
-
Tongue
-
Palate
-
Epiglottis
-
All of the above
- The taste receptors are located around the small structures known as papillae found on the upper surface of the tongue, soft palate, upper oesophagus, the cheek, and epiglottis.
- The cranial nerves innervate these sites and carry taste information to the brain.
- Hence Cranial nerves carry taste information from Tongue, Palate and Epiglottis.
- So, the correct answer is 'All the above'.
Which of the following is the function of taste receptors?
-
Identify toxins
-
Enhance the diet
-
Maintain nutrition
-
Both A and B
- The sense of taste is stimulated when nutrients or other chemical compounds activate specialized receptor cells within the oral cavity.
- Taste helps us decide what to eat and influences how efficiently we digest these foods.
- They would have used their sense of taste to identify nutritious food items. Hence, the function of taste receptors is to Enhance the diet.
Which of the following can be detected with the combination of the 5 taste perceptions (salty, sour, bitter, sweet and umami)?
-
Nutritions
-
Spices
-
Flavours
-
Food
- Tongue consist of taste buds. Each taste bud contains 50 to 100 taste receptor cells.
- The sensation of taste includes five established basic flavours: sweetness, sourness, saltiness, bitterness, and umami. Hence, Flavours can be detected with the combination of the 5 taste perceptions (salty, sour, bitter, sweet and umami).
Which of the following helps in sensation of taste?
-
Taste receptors
-
Olfactory receptors
-
Auditory receptors
-
Flavour receptors
- A taste receptor is a type of receptor which facilitates the sensation of taste. These receptors are of four types.
- When food or other substances enter the mouth, molecules interact with saliva and are bound to taste receptors in the oral cavity and other locations. Hence, Taste receptors help in the sensation of taste.
Taste receptors are present over
-
Taste buds
-
Membrane
-
Dermis
-
None of the above
How may neurosensory cells be present in each taste buds?
-
1
-
2- 4
-
5- 15
-
20- 30
There are small elevated cells in the tongue which are called as the taste buds. There are the receptor or the neurosensory cells in these taste buds. There are about 5-15 neurosensory cells in each taste bud. There are cilia-like structures on one end and there are nerve fibres which extend from the other end to the brain. There are taste buds for the detection of different type of taste like sweet, sour, bitter, etc.
Mouth becomes watery when we look on the delicious food is due to
-
Olfactory response
-
Hormonal response
-
Neural response
-
Optic response
The ............ muscles of the tongue are not attached to the bone.
-
Extrinsic
-
Intrinsic
-
Posterior
-
Lingual
The eight muscles of the human tongue are classified as either intrinsic or extrinsic. The four intrinsic muscles act to change the shape of the tongue and are not attached to any bone. The four extrinsic muscles act to change the position of the tongue and are anchored to bone. Therefore, the correct answer is option B.
Receptors of the tongue are termed to be
-
Olfactory receptors
-
Gustatory receptors
-
Thermoreceptors
-
None of the above
Taste buds detect the substance only when the substance is
-
Solid
-
Semisolid
-
Semiliquid
-
Liquid
Taste buds are the taste receptors that are present on the surface of tongue in small projections called as papillae. Saliva of mouth dissolves the food and turns it into liquid or small solid molecules suspended in liquid. The liquid food enters the small pores of taste buds and stimulates the taste receptors to release chemicals and generate a nerve impulse. Since only liquid food can enter the small openings or pores of taste buds, taste buds can detect the substances present in the liquid state.
Human tongue can distinguish only among .......... distinct qualities of taste.
-
Five
-
Two
-
Three
-
Four
In human beings tongue helps in the ingestion, chewing and swallowing of the food. The anterior part of tongue perceives sweet taste, posterior part bitter, lateral sides sour, and the sides just behind the tip of the tongue perceive salty taste. Thus option D is the correct answer.
Gustatory receptors are specialized in detecting
-
Taste
-
Light
-
Smell
-
Touch
Gustatory receptors are also called taste receptors. Taste receptors recognize five basic tastes such as salty, sour, sweet, bitter and umami. Salty and sour tastes are detected with the help of ion channels in the tongue. Sweet, bitter, and umami tastes are detected with the help of G protein-coupled taste receptors.
Smack' is :
-
Chemically formaline
-
Sweet to taste
-
Obtained by acetylation of morphine
-
Extracted from the latex of Cannabis saliva
The function of tongue is to
-
Help in the act of swallowing
-
Help in mixing saliva with the food
-
Both A and B
-
None of the above
- The tongue functions as a digestive organ by facilitating the movement of food during mastication and help in swallowing.
- Other important functions include speech and taste. Our teeth help our tongue to grind food as the tongue mixes the food around your mouth.
- A dry tongue can't taste a thing, so saliva helps the tongue by keeping it wet. Saliva moistens food and helps to break it down, which makes it easier for the tongue to push the food back to swallow it.
- Hence, The function of the tongue is to help in the act of swallowing and Help in mixing saliva with the food.
- So, the correct answer is 'Both A and B'.
Taste buds are present on:
-
small projection found on the upper surface of tongue
-
small projection found on the lower surface of tongue
-
on both the surface of tongue
-
behind the tongue
Which of the following sensations located at the back portion of the tongue?
-
Sweet
-
Bitter
-
Sour
-
Salt
R.Q of malic acid
-
$1.9$
-
$1.49$
-
$1.33$
-
$1$
Each taste bud has a cavity with a pore called as the
-
Gustatory pore
-
Taste pore
-
Papilla pore
-
None of the above
Papillae give the tongue its rough texture. The surface of the papillae is covered by thousands of taste buds.
Taste buds have the taste sensors or the taste receptors inside them.
Each taste bud has a cavity with a pore called as the taste pore.
Inside each cavity is taste receptor cells or gustatory receptor cells, bathed in saliva.
Each receptor cell has a free hair-like cilium also called as the taste hair which projects into the outer taste pore.
Additionally, each receptor cell has a nerve fibre called as the gustatory nerve extending from its base to the taste centre of the brain.
Which of the papillae are not found in human?
-
Fungiform papillae
-
Circumvallate papillae
-
Foliate papillae
-
None of the above
Rough texture of the tongue is due to
-
Muscosa
-
Toongue bud
-
Papillae
-
Receptor
Papillae have group of sensory cells or receptors called as_____________.
-
Taste buds
-
Ampulla
-
Olfactory cells
-
None of these
A- Papillae contain taste buds. Taste receptors are situated around the papillae. Tastebuds are a combination of basal, structural and taste receptor cells.
Gustatoreceptors are
-
Specialized connective tissue
-
Specialized epithelial cells
-
Nerve cell A
-
None of the above
Gustatory system is the ................. system of the sense of taste.
-
Motor
-
Sensory
-
Mixed
-
All of the above
The human tongue is covered with a moist, pink tissue, called as
-
Mucosa
-
Papillae
-
Taste buds
-
All of the above
The human tongue is covered with a moist, pink tissue called as the mucosa or the mucous membrane. On this membrane are present tiny bumps, called as papillae.
Which of the following helps in holding the food?
-
Foliate papillae
-
Fungiform papillae
-
Filiform papillae
-
None of the above
On the tongue, papillae are situated anteriorly to the sulcus terminalis. There are three types of papillae on the tongue: filiform papillae, circumvallate papillae and fungiform papillae. The filiform papillae are the smallest and most abundant. They help in holding the food. Circumvallate papillae are large papillae arranged in a "V" shape. Fungiform papillae are mushroom shaped. Taste buds are found on circumvallate and fungiform.
Taste buds for umami is mainly found in
-
Indian
-
American
-
Japanese
-
Indonesian
Umami is the fifth taste which detects the flavour of savoury. This taste receptor was found mostly in the Japanese. Many food preparations in Japan has a savoury flavour. These people are known to make a combination of food which has savoury flavour. So, it is considered that the taste buds for umami flavour are mainly found in the people of Japan. This taste is detected with the help of glutamate specific taste receptors because there is more amount of glutamate in the savoury food.
In which of the following situations you can taste quickly.
-
Put sugar crystals on tongue
-
Put sugar solution on tongue
-
Press the tongue slowly against the palate
-
Swallow directly without grainding and shreding
Which of the following separates the two parts of the tongue?
-
Papillae
-
Lingual septum
-
Terminal sulcus
-
Lingual sulcus
- Terminal sulcus of the tongue is a V-shaped groove, with a posteriorly oriented apex, on the surface of the tongue, marking the separation between the anterior (oral or horizontal) and the posterior (pharyngeal or vertical) parts of the tongue. Hence, Terminal sulcus separates the two parts of the tongue.
Chemicals that stimulates taste receptor cells are called as
-
Dorsum
-
Tastant
-
Saliva
-
None of the above
The chemicals or the substances which can stimulate the taste receptor cells are known as tastants. The upper surface contains papillae. There are several taste receptors on the papillae. When the tastants gets dissolved in the saliva, the taste can be detected by the taste receptors.
Which of the following is the supporting cell for taste receptor?
-
Cuboidal cells
-
Columnar cells
-
Ciliated cells
-
None of the above
The taste buds are comprised of two main type of cells, receptor cell and the supporting cell. The receptor cells are neurosensory. They have one free end and the other nerve ending travelling to the taste area of the brain. The supporting cells are the columnar cells. These cells are present between the receptor cells. These cells are about 40 in number.
Which of the following states the location of taste buds on the tongue?
-
Pouches
-
Papillae
-
Palate
-
Pupillae
- Lingual papillae (singular papilla) are the small, nipple-like structures on the upper surface of the tongue that give it its characteristic rough texture.
- The four types of papillae on the human tongue have different structures and are accordingly classified as circumvallate (or vallate), fungiform, filiform, and foliate. All except the filiform papillae are associated with taste buds. Hence, Papillae states the location of taste buds on the tongue.
Bitter taste of food can be transduced by
-
The blockage of efflux of K+
-
The blockage of influx of K+
-
The blockage of efflux of Na+
-
The blockage of efflux of Cl-
Bitterness is the most sensitive of the tastes and perceived as unpleasant, sharp, or disagreeable. The transduction of bitter tastes involves several mechanisms:
The taste sensitivity is dependent upon
-
Concentration of taste
-
Concentration of food
-
Solubility of taste in saliva
-
Both A and C
The taste of salt is mediated by
-
Na+
-
Ca+
-
K+
-
None of the above
Fungiform papillae carry which of the following cranial nerve?
-
VII
-
IX
-
X
-
None of the above
- Fungiform papillae contain taste buds (especially for bitter taste), temperature receptors and have a good blood supply. They are scattered over the top and sides of the tongue, mainly towards the tip.
- Cranial nerves are the nerves which arise from the brain and spinal cord. The facial nerve is the 7th cranial nerve it arises from the pons of the brain stem.
- The fungiform papillae are innervated by the VII cranial nerve. Hence through 7th cranial nerve fungiform papillae send sensory signals of taste to the brain stem.
- So, the correct answer is 'VII'.
The cranial nerve that carries information of taste from epiglottis is
-
VII
-
IX
-
X
-
VIII
The taste receptor cells send information detected by clusters of various receptors and ion channels to the gustatory areas of the brain via the seventh, ninth and tenth cranial nerves. The X nerve or vagus nerve carries information from the back of the oral cavity and the epiglottis.
-
Hydrogen ion pass through the same channel as that of the sodium ion
-
Hydrogen ion blocks the potassium channel
-
Hydrogen ion blocks the calcium channel
-
Both A and B
Which of the following taste was identified by Kikunae Ikeda?
-
Sour
-
Umami
-
Sweet
-
Salt
Which of the following taste is mediated by inotropic glutamate receptor?
-
Sweet
-
Bitter
-
Umami
-
None of the above
- Ionotropic glutamate receptors are ligand-gated ion channels that are activated by the neurotransmitter glutamate.
- Umami describes foods with an inherent savoriness(delicious, tasty). It has been described as brothy or meaty. You can taste umami in foods like Parmesan cheese, seaweed, miso, and mushrooms, which contain a high level of the amino acid, glutamate.
- As the umami food contains a high level of amino acid glutamate its mediated by ionotropic glutamate receptor. The receptor detects glutamate in the food and sends signals to the brain.
- So, the correct answer is 'Umami'.
Taste receptors detect the taste by
-
G protein-coupled mechanism
-
Contractile mechanism
-
Feedback inhibition
-
None of the above
- The taste receptors are located around the small structures known as papillae found on the upper surface of the tongue, soft palate, upper esophagus, the cheek, and epiglottis.
- Taste receptors detect the taste by G protein-coupled mechanism.
- G protein-coupled receptors constitute a large protein family of receptors that detect molecules outside the cell and activate internal signal transduction pathways and, ultimately, cellular responses. Coupling with G proteins.
- So, the correct answer is 'G protein-coupled receptor.
Tongue taste is under control of
-
Facial nerve
-
Glossopharyngeal nerve
-
Trigeminal nerve
-
Autonomous nervous system
Surface for attachment of tongue is
-
Palatine
-
Sphenoid
-
Pterygoid
-
Hyoid apparatus
- A single U-shaped bone which is present at the base of the buccal cavity is called as Hyoid. Hyoid bone occurs in the skull.
- The hyoid bone is also called and lingual or tongue bone. The term hyoid apparatus refers to the bones of the tongue.
- The primary function of the hyoid bone is to serve as an anchoring structure for the tongue. Hence surface for attachment of tongue is Hyoid apparatus.
- So, the correct answer is 'Hyoid apparatus'.
Man with thick lips, dirt deposited on tongue, low heart
beating rate, with excess amount of cholesterol in blood, is
supposed to be suffering from which abnormality
-
Cretinism
-
Hashimoto disease
-
Myxoedema
-
Addison's disease
Myxoedema occurs due to deficiency of thyroxine is adults. It is characterised by low BMR, low body temperature, reduced heart rate, pulse rate, cardiac output Face and hands become swollen.
Injury to vagus nerve will not affect
-
Gastrointestinal movements
-
Tongue movements
-
Cardiac movements
-
Pancreatic secretion
Hypoglossal nerve controls movement of
-
Tongue
-
Heart
-
Eye
-
Ear
Taste buds are located on
-
Palate
-
Tongue only
-
Pharynx
-
All of the above
Taste buds on the posterior side of tongue in humans can detect.
-
Sour taste
-
Bitter taste
-
Sweet taste
-
Saltish taste
Saltish taste is perceived by the tongue in he region of.
-
Back
-
Antero-laterally
-
Upper surface
-
Tip
The sweet taste is better detected by.
-
Tip of the tongue
-
Base of the tongue
-
Middle of the tongue
-
Lateral sides of the tongue
Sour taste is perceived on the tongue at.
-
Tip
-
Sides
-
Upper surface of front half
-
Back
Which ones are gustatoreceptors?
-
Rod cells of eyes
-
Cone cells of eyes
-
Taste buds of tongue
-
Receptors in skin
Receptor absent over tongue is
-
Thermoreceptor
-
Gustatoreceptor
-
Photoreceptor
-
None of the above
Bitter taste is perceived by buds present on the tongue at.
-
Posterior part
-
Tip
-
Lateral side
-
Ventral side
Tongue has
-
Baroreceptors
-
Olfactoreceptors
-
Gustatoreceptors
-
Tangoreceptors
Which is correctly labelled?
-
a- Reissner's membrane
-
b- Scala vestibuli
-
c- Basilar membrane
-
d- Tectorial membrane
The tongue of a person is exposed to a high salty taste, then
-
The person learns to taste salty things better
-
Loves tasting salty things
-
Hates tasting salty things
-
Fails to taste a less salty thing just after the exposure
The tongue of a person is exposed to a high salty taste then the tongue fails to taste a less salty thing just after exposure. This happens because the taste receptors on the surface of the tongue get adapted to the salty taste.
Sense of smell enhances the sense of taste.
-
True
-
False
Which of the following is an incorrect match?
-
Filiform papillae: Smallest and most numerous, found mainly in the centre of tongue
-
Fungiform papillae: Most numerous, near the base of tongue
-
Foliate papillae: Not developed in the adult human tongue
-
Vallate papillae: Largest papillae , each surrounded by a circular groove
In tongue, small structures called papillae are present. They are mainly of four types- filiform papillae, fungiform papillae, foliate papillae, circumvallate papillae. Most of them are associated with taste buds. The filiform papillae are the smallest amongst the four and are most numerous. They are scattered throughout the dorsal surface of the tongue and not just at the center of the tongue.
The function of tongue is to
-
Help in the act of swallowing
-
Help in mixing saliva with the food
-
Help in digestion of food
-
None of the above
The function of the tongue is to help in the act of swallowing and help in mixing saliva with the food. It is a muscular organ in the mouth. It is vital for chewing and swallowing food, as well as for speech. It consists of eight interwoven, striated muscles that can move in any direction, making it quite flexible. So, the correct answer is option C.
Milk contains a sugar called
-
Galactose
-
Lactose
-
Maltose
-
Sucrose
$CO _{2}$ is a tasteless, colorless and
-
Non-combustible gas
-
Combustible gas
-
Flammable Gas
-
All of above
The tongue of a person is exposed to a high salty taste then.
-
The person learns to taste salty things better
-
Loves tasting salty things
-
Hates tasting salty things
-
Fails to taste a less salty things just after the exposure
Identify the taste receptor of sweet taste.
-
ENaC
-
T2Rs
-
PCKD channel
-
T1R2 + T1R3
- The upper surface of the tongue has small projections called papillae, some of which bear taste buds.
- About 50 -150 taste cells are found in a taste bud. These cells detect all 4 tastes i.e sweet, sour, salty and bitter
- The taste buds for "sweet" are on the tip of the tongue and have sweet receptors such as T1R2 + T1R3. These receptors have the ability to sense sweet taste and send signals to the brain.
- So, the correct answer is 'T1R2 + T1R3.'.
Loss of the sensation of taste is referred to as ____
-
Dysosmia
-
Ageusia
-
Hypogeusia
-
Asnosmia
Ageusia refers to the lost ability of tongue to taste, particularly the inability to detect sweetness, sourness, bitterness, saltiness, and umami (meaning "pleasant/savory taste"). It is sometimes confused with anosmia a loss of the sense of smell.