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The age of industrialisation - class-VIII

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At the end of the nineteenth century, 80 percent of the total workforce in Europe was employed in the technologically advanced industrial sector.
  1. True

  2. False


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

At the end of the nineteenth century, less than 20 percent of the total workforce in Europe was employed in technologically advanced industrial sectors. 

The international market for fine textiles was dominated by India till the eighteenth century.

  1. True

  2. False


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Before the age of machine industries, silk and cotton goods from India dominated the international market in textiles. Coarser cottons were produced in many countries, but the finer varieties often came from India.

Which freedom fighter of Madhya Pradesh had the honour of becoming the President of India?

  1. Dr. Shankar Dayal Sharma

  2. Pt. Sunder Lal

  3. Pt. Dwarika Prasad Mishra

  4. Pt. Sambhu Nath Shukla


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Shankar Dayal Sharma became the eighth vice-president of India and ex-officio Chairman of Rajya Sabha from September 3, 1987, till he assumed the office of the president in 1992. He served in this vaunted position till 1997. In 1940, he began his legal practice in Lucknow and soon after joined the Indian National Congress. Sharma's involvement in the national movement for independence led to his arrest, and he was imprisoned for eight months. Hence, Option A is correct.

From which of the following city of Madhya Pradesh the Jhanda Satyagraha was started?

  1. Indore

  2. Sagar

  3. Jabalpur

  4. Bhopal


Correct Option: C

Bhopal University has been named after the freedom fighter _______. 

  1. Seth Govind Das

  2. Barkatullah

  3. Hari Singh Gour

  4. Shakir Ali


Correct Option: B

Dinshaw Petit and Jamsetji Tata who were two important industrialists in India built huge industrial empires in

  1. Bengal

  2. Bombay

  3. Kanpur

  4. Madras


Correct Option: B

Which industrialist had set up a steel factory in Jamshedpur?

  1. Jamshedji Tata

  2. Dwarkanath Tagore

  3. Dinshaw Petit

  4. G.D. Birla


Correct Option: A

Which of the following developments resulted in shifting of leading sector from cotton to steel?

  1. Invention of steam engine.

  2. Discovery of iron metal.

  3. Expansion of railways.

  4. Establishment of cotton mills.


Correct Option: C
Explanation:
With the expansion of railways, in England from the 1840s and in the colonies from the 1860s, the demand for iron and steel increased rapidly. By 1873 Britain was exporting iron and steel worth about £ 77 million, double the value of its cotton export.

In 1918 the convention of 'Hindi Sahitya Sammelan' was organized in ______ which was presided by Gandhiji.

  1. Bhopal

  2. Indore

  3. Jabalpur

  4. Rewa


Correct Option: B

Which firing incidence of Madhya Pradesh is called 'Jallianwala Bagh of Madhya Pradesh? 

  1. Tulria Forest firing

  2. Ghoda Dhongri Forest firing

  3. Charan Paduka firing

  4. None of these


Correct Option: C

Who led the 'Forest Struggle' of Turia Jungle Seoni?

  1. Durga Shankar Mehta

  2. Birju Gond

  3. Ganjan Singh

  4. Seth Sunder Lal


Correct Option: C

In which district of Madhya Pradesh Chandra Shekhar Azad was born?

  1. Jhabua

  2. Mandla

  3. Alirajpur

  4. Singrauli


Correct Option: C

The port which gained importance in place of Hoogly during the colonial rule in India.

  1. Bombay

  2. Calcutta

  3. Visakhapatnam

  4. Madras


Correct Option: B

Why did Prince Chain Singh of Narsinghgarh start agitation against British?

  1. He was insulted by political Agent Maddoc of Meerut Cantonment.

  2. He was insulted by political Agent Maddoc of Sehore Cantonment.

  3. He was insulted by political Agent Maddoc of Gwalior Cantonment.

  4. He was insulted by political Agent Maddoc of Jhansi Cantonment.


Correct Option: B

In North India, the Elgin Mill was started in Kanpur in

  1. 1860s

  2. 1870s

  3. 1880s

  4. 1890s


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The company was founded in 1864 and is based in Kanpur, India. Elgin Mills Company Ltd. operates as a subsidiary of British India Corp. Ltd.

Which city of England developed as a finishing centre?

  1. Manchester

  2. Cambridge

  3. London

  4. Nottingham


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

London came to know as finishing center for textile industries because, a merchant clothier in England purchased wool from a wool stalper, and  carried it to the spinners, the yarn that was taken in subsequent stages of production to weavers, fullers and then to dyers. The finishing was done in London before the export merchant sold the cloth in the international market.

Which of the following two problems were faced by cotton weavers in India?

  1. Short supply and decline in demand

  2. Decline in production and rise in cost

  3. Export market collapsed and local market shrank

  4. Company officials' treatment and governments' apathy


Correct Option: C
Explanation:
  • By the turn of the 19th-century, weavers faced a new set of problems. As the cotton industry developed in England, Indian cotton weavers faced two problems - their export market collapsed and local market shrank being flooded with British goods. Indian handmade goods could not compete with fine machine-made goods of England.
  • By 1860, they faced a new problem. They could not get sufficient supply of raw cotton which was sent to England for their industries after American world war. The prices of raw cotton shot up and Indian weavers were forced to buy raw cotton at exorbitant prices. In most cases, they were unable to pay.

The Elgin Mill was established in

  1. Bombay

  2. Bengal

  3. Madras

  4. Kanpur


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

The company was founded in 1864 and is based in Kanpur, India. Elgin Mills Company Ltd. operates as a subsidiary of British India Corp. Ltd.

The upper classes in Victorian Britain preferred things produced by hand because

  1. Hand made products were very cheap.

  2. Machine made goods were costly

  3. Handmade products came to symbolise refinement and class.

  4. The use of such articles meant a low social status


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

The upper classes in Victorian Britain preferred things produced by hand because-

  • Handmade products came to symbolise, refinement and class.
  • They were better finished.
  • Individually produced and carefully designed.
  • Mainly the upper class- aristocrats and bourgeoise preferred the things produced by hand.

What was the first symbol of the new era in England?

  1. Cotton

  2. Iron

  3. Coal

  4. Silk


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Cotton was the first symbol of the new era in England. Its production boomed in the late nineteenth century. In 1760 Britain was importing 2.5 million pounds of raw cotton to feed its cotton industry. By 1787 this import soared to 22 million pounds. This increase was linked to a number of changes within the process of production.

The first Indian jute mill was set up by _____.

  1. Dwarkanath Tagore

  2. Dinesh Petit

  3. Jamsetji Tata

  4. Seth Hukumchand


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Seth Hukumchand established cotton mills (Hukam Chand Mill and Raj Kumar Mill at Indore), and a large Jute Mill and Iron Mill at Calcutta, He was a pioneer in 'Swadeshi Industry'. He was the first Indian businessman to set up a Jute Mill.

The French sought to strengthen their rule in Vietnam through control of ____________.

  1. agriculture

  2. railways

  3. landlords

  4. education


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

The French sought to strengthen their rule in Vietnam through control of  education. They tried to change the values, norms and perception of the people, to make them believe in superiority of French civilisation and the inferiority of the Vietnamese.

Indochina (Indo-China) region comprises which of the following modern countries?

  1. Mynmar, Thailand and Cambodia

  2. Korea, Vietnam and Taipei

  3. Vietnam, Laos and Cambodia

  4. Korea, Vietnam and Cambodia


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

The term “Indochina” is used to denote a particular part of Southeast Asia, specifically the “Indochinese Peninsula”. Indo-China comprises the modern countries of Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia.

________was major centre for the jute industry.

  1. Bengal

  2. Bihar

  3. Chennai

  4. Bombay


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The jute industry was the second most important industry in India. This was concentrated around Calcutta. The predominance of jute industry in Bengal was maintained due to the monopoly of raw jute production in Bengal.

The Industrial Revolution was brought about on account of-

  1. The workers refusing to work with their hands

  2. The Government insisting on the use of machines

  3. Lack of market for hand-made goods

  4. Invention of machinery and its application


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

This phase of industrial development in Britain is strongly associated with new machinery and technologies. These made it possible to produce goods on a massive scale compared to handicraft and handloom industries.

The East India Company appointed _____ to supervise weavers; collect supplies and examine the quality of cloth.

  1. managers

  2. gomastha

  3. brokers

  4. supervisors


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

The English East India Company appointed Gomasthas for:

  •   To eliminate the existence of traders and brokers and establish a direct control over the weavers.
  •   To eliminate weavers from dealing with other buyers by means of advances and control. In this manner, weavers who took loans and fees in advance were obligated to the British.

Industrial Revolution first started in ______.

  1. India

  2. China

  3. Europe

  4. America


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

England is known as the birthplace of industrial revolution which later spread to other parts of Europe.

The Great Depression of the 1930s brought down the prices of_______in Vietnam.

  1. steel and iron

  2. opium and tobacco

  3. rubber and rice

  4. sugarcane and cotton


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

The Great Depression of 1930's had a profound impact on Vietnam. The prices of rubber and rice fell, leading to rising rural debts, unemployment and rural uprisings, such as in the provinces of Nghe An and Ha Tinh.

 

Which European country colonized Vietnam?

  1. France

  2. USA

  3. Germany

  4. England


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The European country that colonized Vietnam was France. The colonization by the French brought the people of the country into conflict with the colonizers in all areas of life. The most visible form of French control was military and economic domination but the French also built a system that tried to reshape the culture of the Vietnamese

The government levied a ______ percent tax on cloth coming to India from Britain.

  1. Two and a half

  2. Three and a half

  3. Five and a half

  4. One and a half


Correct Option: B

Who adopted the concept of an assembly line to produce automobiles?

  1. T. Coppola

  2. V. S. Naipaul

  3. Henry Ford

  4. Ramesh Sarwan


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Henry Ford adopted the concept of an assembly line to produce automobiles. He realised that the ‘assembly line’ method would allow a faster and cheaper way of producing vehicles. 

The Industrial Revolution refers to:

  1. Mass Population

  2. Mass Production

  3. Mass Profit

  4. None of these


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

The phase of industrial development is strongly associated with new machinery and technologies. These made it possible to produce goods on a massive scale compared to handicraft and handloom industries.

Mobilising capital was the task of ____________.

  1. European Managing Agencies

  2. Private industrialist

  3. Indian merchants

  4. None


Correct Option: A

Indian industrialists were in control of the _____ industry.

  1. Textile

  2. Iron and steel

  3. Cement

  4. Paper


Correct Option: A

For the development of industry, _____ workers at all levels were needed.

  1. educated

  2. skilled

  3. unskilled

  4. none of these


Correct Option: B

______ had to be relied on for industrial development because the number of Indian scientists and engineers was very small.

  1. Aliens

  2. Outsiders

  3. Foreigners

  4. None of these


Correct Option: C

Indian Industrial growth increased after the First World War because ________________.

  1. British opened new factories in India.

  2. India became independent.

  3. New technological changes occurred.

  4. Indian mills now had a vast home market to supply.


Correct Option: D

From ______ onwards, machine-based industries had begun to be set up in India.

  1. 1830

  2. 1820

  3. 1870

  4. 1850


Correct Option: D

 Cotton piece goods production in India doubled between ___________.

  1. 1874-76

  2. 1900-12

  3. 1890-92

  4. 1880-82


Correct Option: B

When was the Tonkin free school started?

  1. In 1917

  2. In 1907

  3. In 1887

  4. In 1897


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

The Tonkin Free School was started in 1907 to provide a Western style education in Vietnam. This education included classes in science, hygiene, and French.

The industrialisation did not progress in the beginning of seventeenth century due to

  1. Expensive new technology

  2. Less number of factories

  3. Unskilled workers

  4. Unwillingness of merchants for more production


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

New technology was expensive and merchants and industrialists were cautious about using it. The machines often broke down and repair was costly. They were not as effective as their inventors and manufacturers claimed. 

Who was allowed to enrol in the French Schools?

  1. The Chinese elite

  2. The Vietnamese elite

  3. The German elite

  4. The Japanese elite


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Only the Vietnamese elite- comprising a small fraction of the population could enrol in the schools, and only a few among those admitted ultimately passed the school-leaving examination.

Who came in power in South Vietnam in 1949?

  1. Duy Tan Hoi

  2. Bao Dai

  3. Huynh Phuso

  4. Ho Chi Minh


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

A peace negotiation took place in Geneva after the French defeat. Vietnam was divided into two countries, viz. south and north Vietnam. Ho Chi Minh and the communists assumed power in the north. Bao Dai’s regime took control of the south.

Which one of the following is not true regarding the views of Paul Bernard about how colonies should be developed?

  1. Colonial economy should be developed to create demands for French goods.

  2. Reforms should be carried out to increase agricultural production.

  3. Landlordism should be introduced in the rural areas.

  4. Rural indebtness and poverty should be reduced


Correct Option: C
Explanation:
  • Paul Bernard, a leading writer and policy-maker intensely believed that the economy of the colonies needed to be developed.
  • He argued that the purpose of acquiring colonies was to make profits
  • If the economy was developed and the standard of living of the people progresses, they would buy more goods. 
  • The market would subsequently expand, leading to better profit for French business.
  •  To reduce rural poverty and increase agricultural productivity it was necessary to carry out land reforms 

Who among the following is the freedom fighter of Madhya Pradesh?

  1. Gaya Dutt

  2. Manik Chand Kochar

  3. Rani Avanti Bai

  4. All of the above


Correct Option: D

Syncretism was a combination of

  1. Buddhism and Confucianism

  2. Confucianism and local beliefs

  3. Buddhism and Christianity

  4. Buddhism and local beliefs


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Syncretism, a combination of Buddhism and local beliefs in Vietnam, aimed at bringing together different beliefs and practices,  thus emphasizing on their essential unity.

Rani Laxmibai captured Gwalior with the help of _________________.

  1. Chandershekhar Azad

  2. Begam Hazrat Mahal

  3. Tatya Tope

  4. Nana Saheb


Correct Option: C

Who fought against the Britishers for 2 years in Madhya Pradesh and other places with gorilla technique?

  1. Mangal Pandey

  2. Tatya Tope

  3. Rani Laxmibai

  4. Chandershekhar Azad


Correct Option: B

Who led the freedom struggle of 1857 in Bundelkhand?

  1. Kunwar Singh

  2. Bakhtawar Singh

  3. Tatya Tope

  4. Ahamadulla Khan


Correct Option: C

Thakur Ranmat Singh along with his companions organized an army in the jungles of chitrakoot and attacked the Residency in Nagod. 

  1. True

  2. False


Correct Option: A

The queen of Ramgarh of Mandla district showed extraordinary love for her motherland and fought bravely. 

  1. True

  2. False


Correct Option: A

Who among the following leaders was not a pioneer of Non-alignment movement ____________.

  1. J.Nehru

  2. Nasser

  3. Woodrow Wilson

  4. Tito


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Non-alignment movement is a group of countries who are not associated or aligned with or against any powerful bloc. The organization was founded in $Belgrade$ in $1961$, and was largely conceived by India's first prime minister, Jawaharlal Nehru; Indonesia's first president, Sukarno; Egypt's second president, Gamal Abdel Nasser; Ghana's first president Kwame Nkrumah; and Yugoslavia's president, Josip Broz Tito.

After the freedom struggle of 1857 Tantya Bhil in West Nimad became a symbol of terror for the Britishers.

  1. True

  2. False


Correct Option: A
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