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Preparation of final accounts - class-XII

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Which of the following statements is not true ?

  1. Joint venture is a going concern.

  2. Joint venture is terminable in nature.

  3. Joint venture does not follow accrual basis of accounting.

  4. The co-venturer shares the profit in agreed ratio.


Correct Option: A

In preparation of final accounts, preparation of manufacturing account is mandatory for all types of business organisation.

  1. True

  2. False


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Final accounts consist mainly of trading, profiit and loss account along with balance sheet. Manufacturing is generally prepared when the business is about manufacturing any product and it shows every information related to manufacturing.

Thus every is not related to manufacturing of products and hence, maufacturing account is not prepared by every firm. So, the statement is false.

Steps of preparing Final Accounts is -
(a) Trading Account 
(b) Profit and Loss Account
(c) Balance Sheet

  1. True

  2. False


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Final accounting is the last step of accountancy in any business. It involves three series of steps or three accounts, Trading account, Profit and Loss account and then Balance sheet. This order must remain same under any situation.

The order of preparing accounts must be same because first gross profit/loss has to be calculated and then only net profit/loss will be calculated and after that all assest and liablilities will be presented. Hence, the statement is true.

Which of the following is not a condition for issue of shares at a discount?

  1. The Memorandum of Association must authorise the company for issue of shares at a discount

  2. The issue must be authorised by passing an ordinary resolution in the General Meeting and must be confirmed by the Company Law Board

  3. The shares should be a class of shares already issued

  4. At least one year must have elapsed since the company was entitled to commence business


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Conditions for Issue of Shares at Discount

  1. In order to issue the shares at a price less than the face value, the company has to get permission from the relevant authority. For seeking permission, they should call and upon a general meeting and discuss and authorize the matter in that meeting.
  2. There is a cap on the rate of discount. A company cannot issue any shares at more than 10% discount.
  3. The company should issue the shares within 60 days of receiving permission from the relevant authority. In certain cases, the company can extend this time frame after getting permission in the permission.
  4. The company cannot issue these shares before passing of 1 year from the date of commencement of business.
  5. The shares must belong to the same class of shares which are already available in the market. For example, if the has previously issued Equity shares then this time also, the company has to issue Equity shares only.
  6. Also, the company has to acquire the sanction by the Central Government after getting approval from the general meeting.

Debtors as per trial balance - Rs. $40,600$
Bad debt not yet provided - Rs. $600$
Provision for debt to be made at $5\%$ on sundry debtors.
Provision for discount on debtors to be created @ $2\%$.
Amount of provisions for discount on debtors.

  1. Rs. $760$

  2. Rs. $600$

  3. Rs. $2,000$

  4. Rs. $2,600$


Correct Option: A

While making an adjustment entry in respect of interest on capital, credit is made to _______________.

  1. Capital account

  2. Interest on capital account

  3. Profit & loss account

  4. Interest account


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

 Interest on Capital has the following two effects on final accounts: It is an expense of the business, therefore; it will be recorded on the debit side of Profit and Loss Account. On the other hand, it is an income of the owner, therefore; it will be added in the Capital Account in Balance Sheet.

The works manager gets commission of 10% on the profit after charging such commission. If the profit is Rs.2,200 what is the amount of his commission ?

  1. Rs.220

  2. Rs.200

  3. Rs.240

  4. Rs.244.44


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Commission payable = 10% on Net Profit (after charging the commission)

If Net Profit is Rs. 100, Commission payable = Rs. 10

Thus profit before charging the commission = 100 + 10 = 110

Of Rs. 110, Rs. 10 is commission payable and the balance Rs. 110- Rs. 10 = Rs. 100 is the profit, left after charging the commission.

Here Rs. 2.200 is equal to 110%

Therefore 10% = 2,200/110 x 10 =Rs. 200


The manager of business is some times given ________ on Net Profit.

  1. Commission

  2. Interest

  3. Discount

  4. None


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The manager of the business is sometimes given the commission on the net profit of the company. The percentage of the commission is applied on the profit either before charging such commission or after charging such commission.

Net Profit of business before charging commission is Rs 8,00,000 and manager are entitled to get a commission of net profit after charging commission 20 %, the commission will be calculated as Rs _________.

  1. Rs 2,00,000

  2. Rs 1,90,000

  3. Rs 1,95,000

  4. None of these.


Correct Option: A

Net Profit of business before charging commission is Rs 110,000 and manager is entitled to get commission of net profit before charging commission 10% , the commission will be calculated as Rs. _________.

  1. 11,000

  2. 12,000

  3. 13,000

  4. 10,500


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Commission on net profit before charging such commission

  =  1,10,000 X 10 / 100
  =  11,000.

A business concern usually provides _______ for its customers for prompt payments.

  1. Cash Discount

  2. Trade Discount

  3. Both A and B

  4. None of these.


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

An early payment discount (also called a prompt payment or cash discount) is a reduction in an invoice balance when it's paid before the due date. 

when provision is provided current years profit is ___________.

  1. Reduced

  2. Increased

  3. Doubled

  4. None


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

provision is not a form of saving, even though it is an amount that is put aside for a future cost or obligation. Provisions resulting impact is a reduction in the company's equity. When accounting, provisions are recognized on the balance sheet and then expensed on the income statement.

Provision for Discount on Debtors is ___________ to Profit and loss account.

  1. Debited

  2. Credited

  3. Not recorded

  4. No entry


Correct Option: A
Explanation:
The double effect of Provision for Discount on Debtors is:
It is shown on the debit side of Profit and Loss Account
It is shown as deduction from Debtors in Balance Sheet.

Percentage commission to manager can be  calculate on net profit _______.

  1. Before charging commission

  2. After charging commission

  3. Either on net profit before or after charging commission

  4. None


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

The manager of the business is sometimes given the commission on the net profit of the company. The percentage of the commission is applied on the profit either before charging such commission or after charging such commission.

The General Manager gets $\dfrac{1}{4}$ of the profit as commission after charging such commission of Works Manager, which is 10% of profits after charging such commission. If profit is Rs. 2,200, the commission of General manager is:

  1. Rs.495

  2. Rs.384

  3. Rs.500

  4. Rs.400


Correct Option: D

Debtors Closing Balance Rs 5000, R.D.D 10 % and Provision for discount on Debtors is  5% than what is its value of provision on discount.

  1. Rs. 225

  2. Rs. 200

  3. Rs. 300

  4. Rs. 350


Correct Option: A

Opening capital Rs. 100000 and additional capital on 1st Oct was Rs. 20000
Interest on capital @ 10% on 31st march closing will be ?

  1. 5,000

  2. 8,000

  3. 11,000

  4. None of these.


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Interest on capital = 100000 * 10 / 100

                                = 10000
Additional Capital Introduced on 1st Oct = 20000 * 10 / 100 * 6 / 12
                                                                     = 1000
Total = 10000 + 1000
          = 11000

Providing Interest on Capital _______ net profit.

  1. Reduces

  2. Increases

  3. No effect

  4. None


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Interest on capital is a charge on the profits of a firm and it decreases the net available profit for appropriation.


Interest on capital is calculated on _____________.

  1. Opening capital

  2. Additional Capital

  3. Closing capital

  4. Both A & B


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Interest on capital is to be calculated on the capitals at the beginning for the relevant period. If there is any additional capital introduced or capital withdrawn during the year, it will cause change in the capitals and interest is to be calculated proportionately on the changed capitals for the relevant period.

Interest on capital = Amount of capital x Rate of interest per annum x Period of interest

When interest on capital is allowed _________ is credited.

  1. Capital A/c

  2. Profit and loss A/c

  3. Cash A/c

  4. None


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Journal entries for Interest on Capital

Interest on capital is an appropriation (setting apart) of profit. If a firm has earned profit, it will have a credit balance in the P & L Appropriation A/c.

Commission to manager is __________ to Profit and loss Account.

  1. Debited

  2. Credited

  3. Added

  4. Deducted


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Manager's commission is an operating expense just as any other expense like salary, rent etc. Manager's commission paid is shown on the debit side of the profit and loss account as it is an expense for the company.

Commission due but not paid to the manager at d end of the years appears under __________ side.

  1. Asset

  2. Liability

  3. Trading A/c Debit side

  4. None


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

The Outstanding Expense A/c appears on the liability side of the Balance Sheet. While preparing the Trading and Profit and Loss A/c we need to add the amount of outstanding expense to that particular expense.

Interest on capital is ______ for a business concern.

  1. Expense

  2. Income

  3. Asset

  4. Liability


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Interest on capital is a charge on the profits of a firm and it is debited to the P&L account to recognise as an expense (and a charge on the profits).

From the following details calculate the net profit after charging managerial commission.
Net profit before charging managerial commission Rs.65,000
Managerial commission 11% after charging such commission.

  1. Rs.58,558

  2. Rs.60,300

  3. Rs.59,101

  4. Rs.60,360


Correct Option: A

From the following details, how much should be charged to profit and loss a/c as bad debts during the current year.
provisions for bad debts A/c at the beginning of the year Rs.20,000
Actual bad debts during year Rs.19,000
Debtors balance at the end of the year Rs.80,000
Previsions for bad debts to be made @5% of total debtors. 

  1. Rs.3,000

  2. Rs.4,000

  3. Rs.2,600

  4. Rs.3,600


Correct Option: A

The capital of a sole trader would change as a result of ____________________.

  1. A creditor being paid his account by cheque.

  2. Raw materials being purchased on credit.

  3. Fixed asset being purchased on credit.

  4. Wages being paid in cash.


Correct Option: D

From the following details calculate the managerial commission, if the managerial commission is 11% net profit before charging such commission.fore 
Net profit before charging managerial commission Rs.65,000

  1. Rs. 6,946

  2. Rs.7,230

  3. Rs.7,150

  4. Rs. 6,860


Correct Option: C

The adjustment to be made for interest on drawings is ________________.

  1. Debit profit and loss account and add interest to drawings

  2. Credit profit and loss account and add interest to drawings

  3. Debit profit and loss account and deduct interest from drawings

  4. Credit profit and loss account and deduct interest from drawings


Correct Option: B

In the Trial Balance, are shown Debtors Rs. 2,400, Bad Debts Rs. 221, Bad Debts Reserve Rs. 324. For creating a Reserve for Doubtful Debts @10% on debtors, the P & L A/c will be debited by __________.

  1. 137

  2. 240

  3. 343

  4. 9


Correct Option: A

If the manager is entitled to a commission of 5% on profits before deducting this commission, he will get a commission of Rs. ________on a profit of Rs. 8,400.

  1. 400

  2. 442.11

  3. 420

  4. None of these


Correct Option: C

If the manager is entitled to a commission of $5\%$ on profits before deducting this commission, he will get a commission of Rs. __________ on a profit of Rs. 8400.

  1. 400

  2. 442.11

  3. 420

  4. None of these


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Commission = 5% on profit

Profit = Rs. 8400
Commission on the profit = 8400 x 5%
                                              = 420

The manager will get commission of Rs. 420

The manager of a firm is entitled to a commission of  $10$% on the net profit after his commission. If the profit of the firm before charging commission is  $ Rs. 3,30,000$, the amount of manager's commission will be_________. 

  1. $Rs. 33,000$

  2. $Rs. 30,000$

  3. $Rs. 27,000$

  4. $Rs. 36,000$


Correct Option: B

Provision for discount on debtors shall be made on ____________________.

  1. Book debts before incurring bad debt and before providing for bad debt

  2. Book debts after incurring bad debt and after providing for bad debt

  3. Book debts before incurring bad debt and after providing for bad debt

  4. Book debts after incurring bad debt and before providing for bad debt


Correct Option: B

While preparing final account, to record commissions payable to manager- which of the following adjustment entry will be passed?

Profit & Loss A/cTo Commission Payable A/c Dr.
Commission Payable A/cTo Profit & Loss A/c Dr.
Manager A/cTo Commission Payable A/c Dr.
Profit & Loss A/cTo Manager A/c Dr.
  1. A

  2. B

  3. C

  4. D


Correct Option: A

Debtors appeared in balance sheet at Rs. $18,525$ after making following adjustment.
Bad debt written off Rs. $400$.
Provision for discount on debtors @ $2.5\%$.
Provision for bad debt @ $5\%$.
Debtors as per trial balance $=$?

  1. Rs. $20,400$

  2. Rs. $16,788$

  3. Rs. $20,432$

  4. Rs. $18,573$


Correct Option: A

Extract of trial balance of Mr.Z is as follows.

Particulars Dr. Rs. Cr. Rs.
Debtors $24,000$ -
Provisions for bad debts - $400$

Included amongst the debtors is Rs. $3,000$ due to Ram and included among the creditors Rs. $1,000$ due to him.
Provision for bad debts to created at @ $5\%$ and for discount @ $2\%$. Debtors will be shown at balance at.

  1. Rs. $21,413$

  2. Rs. $21,885$

  3. Rs. $22,344$

  4. Rs. $22,148$


Correct Option: A

During the year $2014-2015$, the profit of a business before charging Sales Manager's commission was Rs. $1,89,000$. If the Sales Manager's commission is $5\%$ on profit after charging his commission, then the total amount of commission payable to manager is?

  1. Rs. $10,000$

  2. Rs. $9,450$

  3. Rs. $9,000$

  4. Rs. $8,500$


Correct Option: C

Net profit before charging commission to manager - Rs. $2,20,000$. The manager is entitled to commission of $10\%$ on net profit after charging such commission. The commission payable to manager will be.

  1. Rs. $21,802$

  2. Rs. $24,200$

  3. Rs. $22,000$

  4. Rs. $20,000$


Correct Option: D

From the following details find out the closing capital that will be appear in balance sheet on $31-12-2015$.

Particulars Rs.
Capital on $1-1-2015$ $14,00,000$
Drawings $5,000$
Repair $2,000$
Net profit before manager commission $6,62,900$
Debtors $1,50,000$

Provision for bad debts @ $6\%$.
The manager is entitled commission of $5\%$ of net profit after charging his commission.

  1. Rs. $20,26,333$

  2. Rs. $20,15,857$

  3. Rs. $20,14,305$

  4. Rs. $20,24,755$


Correct Option: A

Net profit before charging commission to manager - Rs. $2,20,000$. The manager is entitled to commission of $10\%$ on net profit before charging such commission. The commission payable to manager will be.

  1. Rs. $21,802$

  2. Rs. $24,200$

  3. Rs. $22,000$

  4. Rs. $20,000$


Correct Option: C

Net profit before charging commission to General & Sales manager - Rs. $1,65,920$
The General Manager is entitled to commission of $10\%$ on net profit after charging such commission and commission of Sales Manager.
The Sales Manager is entitled to commission of $5\%$ on net profit after charging such commission and commission of General Manager.
Commission payable to General Manager- Rs. ___________ & Sales Manager - Rs. __________.

  1. $7,214$ & $14,428$

  2. $14,428$ & $7,214$

  3. $16,592$ & $8,296$

  4. $8,296$ & $16,592$


Correct Option: B

Debtors as appearing in Trial Balance are f $25,000$. Provision for doubtful debts is to be provided @ $5\%$ and $2\%$ of amount is to be provided for discount. What is the amount of debtors to be shown in balance sheet?

  1. f$23,750$

  2. f$23,250$

  3. f$23,275$

  4. f$1,750$


Correct Option: C

The provision for discount on debtors is often provided in keeping with the concept of _______________.

  1. Conservatism

  2. Going Concern

  3. Materiality

  4. Consistency


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Conservatism:
This convention ensures that uncertainties and risks inherent in business transactions should be given a proper consideration. As per this convention the accountants follow the rule 'anticipate no profit but provide for all possible losses'. Examples Making provisions for Bad Debts, Making General Reserve, Valuing the stock at lower of cost or market value etc.

The net' profit of a sole proprietorship firm is f$1,320$(before commission). The manager of the firm gets$10/%$ commission on the net profit after charging such commission. Manager's commission would be ___________.

  1. f120

  2. f132

  3. f1,188

  4. f1,200


Correct Option: A

If Capital = $70,000$; Liability = $40,000$. 

Find Assets.

  1. $30,000$

  2. $1,10,000$

  3. $40,000$

  4. $70,000$


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Capital Employed is the total amount of investment made for running the business.

Capital Employed = Assets - Current Liabilities
OR
Assets = Capital Employed+Current Liabilities
Hence 
1,10,000 = 70,000 + 40,000.

T Ltd. has issued 14% debentures of Rs.20,00,000 at a discount of 10% in April, 2013 and the company pays interest half yearly on June 30, and December 31, every year. On March 31, 2014 the amount shown as interest accrued but not due in the balance sheet will be________.

  1. Rs. 1,40,000

  2. Rs. 2,10,000

  3. Rs. 2,80,000

  4. Rs. 70,000


Correct Option: D

X limited is in the business of trading. It is to received Rs.$7,000$ from Vinod and to pay Rs.$8,000$ to Vinod. Similarly, it is to pay Rs.$8,000$ to Sudhir and to receive Rs.$9,000$ from Sudhir. Except above but after all the adjustment, the books of X Limited show the debtors balance at Rs.$72,000$ (Dr.) and creditors balance at Rs.$39,000(Cr.)$. The correct value of debtors and creditors to be shown in balance sheet would be___________.

  1. Debtors (Rs.$72,000$), Creditors (Rs.$39,000$)

  2. Debtors (Rs.$88,000$), Creditors (Rs.$55,000$)

  3. Debtors (Rs.$80,000$), Creditors (Rs.$47,000$)

  4. Debtors (Rs.$79,000$), Creditors (Rs.$46,000$)


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

As per question,

Calculation of debtors

It implies Rs 7,000 from Vinod + Rs 9,000 from Sudhir + debtors balance at Rs.72,000 (Dr.) = Rs 88000

 

Calculation of creditors

It implies pay Rs.8,000 to Vinod + pay Rs.8,000 to Sudhir + creditors balance at Rs.39,000(Cr.) = Rs 55,000

Creating Reserve for Discount on Creditors is an example of __________.

  1. Increase in Asset & Owner's Liability

  2. Decrease in Asset & Owner's Liability

  3. Increase in Liability & Owner's Liability

  4. Decrease in Liability & Increase in Owner's Liability

  5. Increase in Liability & Decrease in Owner's Liability


Correct Option: D

Net profit before charging commission to General & Sales manager Rs. 1,65.920 The General Manager is entitled to commission of 10% on net profit after charging such commission and commission of sales manager.
The Sales Manager is entitled to commission of 5% on net profit after charging such commission and commission of General Manager.
Commission payable to General Manager.

  1. 7,214 & 14,428

  2. 14,428 & 7,214

  3. 16,592 & 8,296

  4. 8,296 & 16,592


Correct Option: B

Making Provision for Discount on Debtors is an example of __________.

  1. Increase in Asset & Owner's Liability

  2. Decrease in Asset & Owner's Liability

  3. Increase in Liability & Owner's Liability

  4. Decrease in Liability & Increase in Owner's Liability

  5. Increase in Liability & Decrease in Owner's Liability


Correct Option: B

Sundry Debtors on $31^{st}$ March $2006$ are Rs. $55,200$ Further Bad debts are Rs. $200$:
Provision for doubtful debts are to be made on debtors $@ 5\%$ and also provision of discount on debtors $@ 2\%$ the amount of provision of discount on debtors will be __________.

  1. Rs. $1,045$

  2. Rs. $2,750$

  3. Rs. $1,100$

  4. Rs. $2,760$


Correct Option: A

The manager of a firm is entitled to a commission of $10\%$ on net profit after his commission. If the net profit of the firm before charging commission is Rs. $4,40,000$. The amount of manager's commission will be.

  1. Rs. $44,000$

  2. Rs. $40,000$

  3. Rs. $37,000$

  4. Rs. $33,000$


Correct Option: B

The percentage of the commission is applied on the profit either:
1. Before charging such commission 
2. After charging such commission.

  1. 1 is true

  2. 2 is true

  3. Both are true

  4. Both are false


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

The manager of the business is sometimes given the commission on the net profit of the company. The percentage of the commission is applied on the profit either before charging such commission or after charging such commission. In the absence of any such information, it is assumed that the commission is allowed as a percentage of the net profit before charging such commission.

The manager of the business is sometimes given the commission on _______.

  1. Salary

  2. Purchase

  3. Gross profit

  4. Net profit


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

The manager of the business is sometimes given the commission on the net profit of the company. The percentage of the commission is applied on the profit either before charging such commission or after charging such commission.  In the absence of any such information, it is assumed that commission is allowed as a percentage of the net profit before charging such commission.

From the following details,_______will be charged to profit and loss A/c as bad debts during the current year.
Provisions for bad debts A/c at the beginning of the year Rs.24,000
Actual bad debts during the year Rs.20,000
Closing balance of Debtors. Rs.80,000
Provision for bad debts to be made @5% of total debtors.

  1. Nil

  2. Rs. 4,250

  3. Rs.2,690

  4. Rs.3,200


Correct Option: A

From the following details calculated the managerial commission.
Net profit before charging managerial commission Rs.65,000
Managerial commission 11% after charging such commission.

  1. Rs.6,441

  2. Rs.6,500

  3. Rs.6,290

  4. Rs.6,360


Correct Option: A

From the following details calculate the net profit after charging managerial commission if the managerial commission is 11% of net profit before charging such commission.
Net profit before charging managerial commission Rs.65,000

  1. Rs.58,558

  2. Rs.60,300

  3. Rs.57,850

  4. Rs.60,360


Correct Option: C
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