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Different nutrients in food - class-IX

Description: different nutrients in food
Number of Questions: 55
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Tags: human nutrition biology nutrition and diet nutritious food evs a healthy diet health and hygiene health and hygiene - food for living nutrition
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Deficiency of iron causes

  1. Goitre

  2. Pellagra

  3. Scurvy

  4. Anemia


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Anemia occurs when a person has lower-than-normal levels of red blood cells (RBCs) in the blood. Iron-deficiency anemia is the most common type of anemia, which occurs when your body does not have enough of the mineral iron. Your body needs iron to produce a protein called haemoglobin, which is responsible for carrying oxygen to your body’s tissues. Your tissues and muscles need oxygen to function effectively.

The mineral element whose deficiency in human body may lead to goitre is

  1. Iodine

  2. Fluorine

  3. Calcium

  4. Sodium


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Iodine is an important mineral required in diet. Iodine is a component of thyroid hormone. Its deficiency causes goitre. 

Which of the following is used as a source of protein or Major source of protein is

  1. Cicer arietinum

  2. Beta vulgaris

  3. Rizobium leguminosarum

  4. Oryza sativa


Correct Option: A
Explanation:
  • Cicer arietinum ( chickpeas ) are one of the most widely consumed pulses in the world.
  • They are a great source of plant based protein, providing 20% or higher of the daily value of protein.
  • They also contain exceptional levels of iron,vitamin B$ _6$ and magnesium.
  • So the correct answer is 'Cicer arietinum'

Deficiency of which one of the following will lead to itching rashes?

  1. Proteins

  2. Vitamin - D

  3. Fats

  4. Vitamin - E


Correct Option: A
Explanation:
 Protein is the building block of the muscles, skin, enzymes and hormones. It plays a vital role in all body tissues. Protein deficiency is when the intake of protein is unable to meet the body's requirements. Keratin is a type of protein that is found in the skin. This protein helps form tough skin tissues and protect cells from damage and stress. Deficiency of keratin causes several dermatological diseases like itching and rashes.
So the correct option is 'Proteins'.          

Which of the following is a source of nitrogenous compound in diet?

  1. Arhar and moth beans

  2. Soyabean and Til

  3. Moong and Ragi

  4. Sprouted pulses and cod liver oil

  5. All of the above


Correct Option: E
Explanation:

The nitrogenous compound in our diet is a protein which is made up of various amino acids containing the amino group. These are found in the nodulated plants that mostly belongs to family Fabaceae includes all types of pulses, soybean, til.

ragi is used as cereal mainly contains carbohydrates but protein and fibers are also present in moderate amount.
So the correct option is 'All of the above'

Which of the following is not a structural protein?

  1. Fibrin

  2. Albumin

  3. Collagen

  4. Keratin


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Fibrous proteins which are most familiar, and  are probably the keratins, which form the protective covering of all land vertebrates: skin, fur, hair, wool, claws, nails, hooves, horns, scales, beaks and feathers. Albumin is not a structural protein.

So, the correct option is 'Albumin'.

Positively regulatory proteins are called _____________.

  1. activator

  2. repressors

  3. necessary proteins

  4. accessory proteins


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The activator proteins bind to the operator site on the m-RNA to start the process of transcription. This is called as positive regulation since it starts the transcription process and hence the activator protein is called positively regulatory proteins.

Which of the following enzymatic protein of cilia & flagella is similar to muscle cells ?

  1. Lamin protein

  2. Nexin protein

  3. Spectrin protein

  4. Dynein protein


Correct Option: A

Which one is not a function of protein in living organism?

  1. Transport nutrient across cell membrane

  2. Work as enzyme

  3. Work as receptor

  4. Main source of energy


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Proteins are an important component and are the building block of each cell and perform various functions like:

  • Proteins act as the transporter, it transports the minerals and nutrients across the cell membrane, transport oxygen molecule and is responsible for the connection of the two cells.
  • All the enzymes are proteins and they catalyze various reactions and increases the speed of the reaction.
  • Receptors are the proteins that receive some chemical signals and respond according to them. They change their physiology according to the chemical reaction and signals.
  • ATP is the main source of energy, proteins and fats are the nutrients that sometimes help in the production of a small amount of energy.
So, the correct option is 'Main energy source'.

Which of the following is a part of nu-body?

  1. Histone octamer

  2. DNA + core of nucleosome

  3. H 1 protein

  4. $1\dfrac{3}{4}$ turn of DNA + H1 protein


Correct Option: A

Molecules of proteins contain

  1. Carbon

  2. Nitrogen

  3. Oxygen

  4. All of these


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Proteins are made up of amino acids. The amino acids are molecules containing amine group (NH$ _2$), carboxylic acid group (COOH), and side chains (R).

High content of Lysine is present in

  1. Wheat

  2. Apple

  3. Maize

  4. Banana


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Lysine is an essential amino acid that helps your body to absorb calcium, burn fat and maintain your skin, tendons, bones and cartilage. Most good sources of lysine are high-protein foods, like meat, cheese and legumes. With their low protein content, grains tend to be poor sources of lysine. However, high-protein grains like wheat can greatly add to your lysine intake. So, the correct answer is 'Wheat'..

Many children in our country suffer from Kwashiorkor. This can be prevented by giving children food rich in

  1. Carbohydrates

  2. Fats

  3. Proteins

  4. Minerals


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Kwashiorkor manifests symptoms of protein deficiency. This can be prevented by giving children protein rich diet.

Cataloguing and analysing every protein in the human body

  1. Biochip

  2. Proteomics

  3. Both

  4. None


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Proteomics is the cataloging and analyzing every protein in the human body most proteins differ in their folding manner, which is governed by genes. Biotechnology helps us in discovering protein structure.

Milk protein is

  1. Rennin

  2. Casein

  3. Galactose

  4. Glycine


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Casein is protein which form the part of food for the young animal. Best source of casein is milk.

The anhydro bond of proteins are called

  1. Glycosidic

  2. Peptide

  3. Ester

  4. Diester


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

The anhydrobonds of protein are called peptide bonds. A peptide bond is formed between carboxyl group of one amino acid and amino group of adjacent.

The most important food element for growth and repair of
tissue is

  1. Glucose

  2. Proteins

  3. Vitamins

  4. Calcium


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Since proteins form components of cytoplasm, therefore it is responsible for growth and repair.

Which of the following protein plays an important role in ageing 

  1. Elastin

  2. Collagen

  3. Actin

  4. Myosin


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Collagen is the most abundant extracellular protein which with ageing becomes less permeable, less flexible and insoluble. These changes interfere the normal functioning of the cells (decreased inflow of nutritive substances and oxygen into cells and also decreased loss of nitrogenous waste and $CO _{2}$ from the body cells) and induce ageing.

Which one is body building material?

  1. Mineral matter

  2. Fat

  3. Protein

  4. Sugar


Correct Option: C

Daily energy requirement for a moderately active man would be

  1. 3.16 kcal

  2. 31.6 kcal

  3. 3160 kcal

  4. 31600 kcal


Correct Option: C

Rennin acts on milk protein and changes

  1. Caesinogen into casein

  2. Caesin into paracaesin

  3. Caesinogen into paracaesin

  4. Paracaesin into caesinogen


Correct Option: B

In the complete absence of which the duodenal digestion of chime proteins not possible 

  1. Enterokinase

  2. Dil HCl

  3. Gastrin

  4. All the above


Correct Option: A

Chilomicrons are

  1. Small fat globules coated with protein

  2. Protein molecules coated with fat

  3. Small granules found in gastric juice

  4. Aerobic microbes

  5. Neural signals that stimulate intestinal secretions


Correct Option: A

Chilomicrons are

  1. Micelles covered by a protein coat

  2. Droplets alongwith triglycerides

  3. Triglycerides along with monosaccharides

  4. Glycerol droplets formed in intestine after digestion of fats


Correct Option: A

Among the following vegetarian food items, which one is
considered to be more rich in proteins

  1. Bread

  2. Rice

  3. Potato

  4. Pulses


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Pulses are the rich sources of protein whereas bread, rice and potato are rich in carbohydrate and starch.

So the correct option is D.

Assertion : Coacervates are believed to be the precursors of life.

Reason : Coacervates were self - duplicating aggregates of proteins surrounded by lipid molecules.

  1. If both the assertion and the reason are true and the reason is a correct explanation of the assertion

  2. If both the assertion and reason are true but the reason is not a correct explanation of the assertion

  3. If the assertion is true but the reason is false

  4. If both the assertion and reason are false

  5. If the assertion is false but reason is true


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Oparin and Sydney Fox held that large organic molecules synthesised abiotically on primitive earth and formed large colloidal aggregates due to intermolecular attraction. These colloidal particles were called coacervates. In coacervates, lipid molecules are joined end to end forming a layer around each aggregate. This represents a single lipid membrane. Coacervates divide by budding like bacteria.

Degradation of proteins play a part in ____________.

  1. Calvin cycle

  2. Water cycle

  3. Sulphur cycle

  4. Nitrogen cycle


Correct Option: D
Explanation:
Plants and animals contain nitrogen in their body Protein' After death, the Proteins of dead bodies are decomposed into amino acids and ammonia. This ammonia may be converted into nitrates or free Nitrogen'
So, the correct answer is 'Nitrogen cycle'

Nitrate reductive is classified as a.

  1. Zinc protein

  2. Iron protein

  3. Molybdenum protein

  4. Copper protein


Correct Option: A

Those amino acids that cannot be synthesized by the body and must be derived through the diet are known as

  1. coenzymes

  2. essential amino acids

  3. polypeptides

  4. non-essential amino acids


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

  • Essential amino acids are not produced in the body, so they are to be taken from outside.
  • There are 9 essential amino acids; Histidine, isoleucine, leucine, valine, threonine, tryptophan, phenylalanine
So, the correct answer is 'Essential amino acids'

Non-protein part of the conjugated protein is called.......

  1. co-factor

  2. ketone

  3. prosthetic group

  4. derivative


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Enzymes with protein and non protein part is called conjugated enzyme. It is also called holoenzyme. In this, protein part is called apoenzyme and non protein part is called co-factor. In the co-factor, organic co-factors are called co-enzymes and inorganic co-factors are called metal ions.

So, the correct option is 'co-factor'.

Which of the following is not a structural protein?

  1. Fibrin

  2. Albumin

  3. Collagen

  4. Keratin


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

  • Structural proteins are the proteins that are generally fibrous and stringy. They are the most abundant class of proteins in nature. Their main function is to provide mechanical support. Examples of structural proteins can be keratin, collagen, fibrin and elastin.
  • Albumin is a type of transport protein which help to transport the materials in the cells and form channels in the plasma membrane.
So, the correct option is 'Albumin'.

The antibodies are

  1. proteins

  2. carbohydrates

  3. lipids

  4. germs.


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Antibodies are the type of protein molecule formed within the body of an animal in order to neutralize the effect of a foreign invading protein (antigens).

State whether the following statements are true or false .
There are 20 amino acids that act as monomers for producing common proteins.

  1. True

  2. False


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

There are 20 amino acids found inside our body. The name of these 20 common amino acids is as follows: alanine, arginine, asparagine, aspartic acid, cysteine, glutamic acid, glutamine, glycine, histidine, isoleucine, leucine, lysine, methionine, phenylalanine, proline, serine, threonine, tryptophan, tyrosine, and valine. They get combined in an unlimited number of configurations to construct all the required proteins with which our body is built.

So, the correct option is 'True'.

Sudha has consumed a meal comprising of $10g$ of butter,$50g$ of rice,$100g$ of hentil,$100g$ of lettuce spinach salad and $200ml$ of water.
What is her gross and net caloric intake(kcal)?

  1. $770,970$

  2. $1300,1165$

  3. $865,690$

  4. $945,970$


Correct Option: A

Carbohydrates, proteins and vitamins which are responsible for energy, growth and vitality are obtained respectively from

  1. Cereals, milk and vegetables

  2. Milk, pulses and cereals

  3. Milk, pulses and vegetables

  4. Pulses, vegetables and cereals


Correct Option: A

Humans cannot digest cellulose whereas cows can do so because

  1. Their gut contains certain bacteria capable of digesting cellulose.

  2. They have a many-chambered stomach.

  3. They have efficient grinding molars.

  4. They produce an enzyme cellulase which can digest cellulose.


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Humans lack the enzyme necessary to digest cellulose. Hay and grasses are particularly abundant in cellulose, and both are indigestible by humans (although humans can digest starch). Animals such as termites and herbivores such as cows, koalas and horses all digest cellulose, but even these animals do not themselves have an enzyme that digests this material. Instead, these animals harbour microbes that can digest cellulose. Animals such as cows have anaerobic bacteria in their digestive tracts which digest cellulose. Cows are ruminants. Ruminants have several stomachs that break down plant materials with the help of enzymes and bacteria. The partially digested material is then regurgitated into the mouth, which is then chewed to break the material down even further. The bacterial digestion of cellulose by bacteria in the stomachs of ruminants is anaerobic, meaning that the process does not use oxygen. 

The part of food that is not digested in the body is

  1. Starch

  2. Cellulose

  3. Proteins

  4. Fat


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

The digestive system of Humans has many enzymes, and acids to break down and digest all kinds of different foods (carbohydrates. proteins and fats), but do not have the enzymes needed to break down cellulose. Cows, Goats, Sheep and other animals that graze on many organic foods(For example, grass) do have the enzymes needed to break down cellulose. Hence The part of food that is not digested in the body is Cellulose because the cellulose-digesting enzyme is absent.

So, the correct answer is 'cellulose'.

Ringer solution contains.

  1. $Na^+ + K^+$ ions

  2. $Na^+ + Cl^-$ ions

  3. $K^+ + Cl^-$ ions

  4. $Na^+ + K^+ + Cl^-$ ions


Correct Option: A

Which one of the matching pairs is wrong

  1. Bacterial cell wall-Cellulose

  2. Bacterial ribosome-16 S rRNA

  3. Bacterial flagella-Protein

  4. Bacterial glycocalyx-Cellulose.


Correct Option: A

In human beings cellulose is digested by

  1. Enzymes

  2. Symbiotic bacteria

  3. Symbiotic protozoans

  4. None of the above


Correct Option: D

Calorific values of carbohydrates, proteins and fats are respectively

  1. 4.0, 5.6, 9.0

  2. 4.9, 4.3, 7.3

  3. 9.0, 5.6, 4.0

  4. 7.3, 4.3, 4.9


Correct Option: A

A number of K-40 atoms explode in human body every second. The number is

  1. 3800

  2. 38,000

  3. 380,000

  4. 3,800,000.


Correct Option: B

Triglyceride metabolism to convert fats into carbohydrates is helped by glyoxylate cycle. The organelle responsible for this is found in

  1. Rice seeds

  2. Caster seeds

  3. Wheat seeds

  4. More than one option is correct


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

The glyoxalate cycle converts the fats into carbohydrates. This takes place in the organelles which are known as peroxisomes.

the lipids that are present in the cell are used to make energy.
This is found in many plants. This cycle is essential for seed germination.
So, the correct option is 'More than one option is correct'

State whether the following statements are true or false.
Lacteals absorb digested fat in the form of chylomicrons.

  1. True

  2. False


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

A lacteal is a lymphatic capillary that absorbs dietary fats in the villi of the small intestine. Triglycerides are emulsified by bile and hydrolyzed by the enzyme lipase, resulting in a mixture of fatty acids and monoglycerides. These chylomicrons then pass into the lacteals, forming a milky substance known as chyle.

So, the correct option is 'True'.

What is formed from cellulose waste?

  1. Protein

  2. Calcium

  3. Phosphorous

  4. Nitrates


Correct Option: A

Cellulose is a protein.

  1. True

  2. False


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Cellulose is a polysaccharide consisting of linear chain of numerous linked D-glucose units whereas proteins are formed of number of amino acids linked together by peptide linkage.

Which of the following is not a source of fats obtained from animals?

  1. Butter

  2. Cream

  3. Coconut oil

  4. Cod liver oil


Correct Option: C
Explanation:
  • Coconut oil is a source of fat obtained from plants, while rest all i.e. butter, cream, and cod liver oil are obtained from animals. Thus option C is the correct answer. 

Which of the following are sources of fats?

  1. Oil, ghee, butter

  2. Eggs

  3. Rice, wheat, potato

  4. Iron and calcium


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Oil, ghee and butter source of fats; egg source of proteins; rice, wheat, potato source of carbohydrates; iron and calcium are essential minerals.

Lipids are generally

  1. A high energy source

  2. Hydrophobic

  3. Composed of fatty acids

  4. All of the above


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Lipids are a group of naturally occurring molecules that include fats, waxes, sterols, fat-soluble vitamins (such as vitamins A, D, E, and K), monoglycerides, diglycerides, triglycerides, phospholipids, and others. They are the most calorigenic among the biomolecules. Chemically lipids are hydrophobic.

Among the energy values of nutrients, 9.3 calories is that of

  1. Fats

  2. Proteins

  3. Vitamins

  4. Carbohydrates


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

On oxidation of 1gm of fat energy yield is 9.3 cal. For carbohydrate and proteins, the energy value is roughly around 4 cal. Vitamins are not energy yielding compounds.

Predominant form of lipid present in biomembranes

  1. Free fatty acids

  2. Cholesterol

  3. Triacylglycerols

  4. Phospholipids


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

The predominant lipids present in the biomembrane are phospholipids, having a polar water soluble phosphorous head and a non polar long aliphatic tail. The polar head is exposed on the surface while the hydrophobic tail remains buried inside.

Death of intestinal bacteria will cause

  1. Blindness

  2. Tired feeling

  3. Reduced synthesis of B-complex and K-vitamins

  4. Reduced excretion


Correct Option: C

Which one is correct matching for vitamin, its nature and deficiency disease

  1. Vitamin A Fat soluble Night blindness

  2. Vitamin K - Fat soluble Beri-beri

  3. Vitamin A Fat soluble Beri-beri

  4. Vitamin K Water soluble Pellagra


Correct Option: A

Which group of three of following statements (1 5) contains all the three statements regarding beri-beri
1. A crippling disease prevalent among the native population of Africa
2. A deficiency disease caused by lack of thiamine
3. A nutritional disorder in infants and young children
4. Occurs in those countries where the staple diet is polished rice
5. The symptoms are pain from neutritis, paralysis, muscle wasting, progressive oedema, mental deterioration and finally heart failure

  1. 2, 4, 5

  2. 1, 2, 4

  3. 1, 3, 5

  4. 2, 3, 5


Correct Option: A
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