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Chemical from common salt - class-XI

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Slaked lime reacts with chlorine to give:

  1. $CaCl _2$

  2. $CaO$

  3. $Ca(OCl) _2$

  4. $CaCO _3$


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Slaked lime reacts with chlorine to give bleaching powder.


$Ca(OH) _2  + Cl _2 \rightarrow CaOCl _2 + H _2O$

The solution of bleaching powder in water is always a clear solution.

  1. True

  2. False


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Bleaching powder is known as calcium hypochlorite. It is marketed as bleach powder. It is white solid although commercial samples appear yellow. It is not highly soluble in water and is used in soft to medium hard water. It has two forms dry and hydrated.

The molecular formula of Baking soda is:

  1. $NaHCO _3$

  2. $NaHCO _3.6H _2O$

  3. $Na _2CO _3$

  4. $Na _2CO _3.10H _2O$


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Baking soda is commonly known as sodium bicarbonate $ NaHC{ O } _{ 3 } $ used for cooking purposes.

Bleaching powder is effective with cold water, but ineffective with hot water. This is because of:

  1. oxidation of chloride radical

  2. reduction of chloride radical

  3. reduction of hypochlorite radical

  4. hydrolysis of hypochlorite radical


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Bleaching action takes place due to the hypochlorite radical [$ClO^{-}$].

But when used in hot water, hot water favours reduction of the hypochlorite radical as a result of which bleaching powder is ineffective with hot water.
Generally, Bleaching powder is used as a disinfectant widely.

The reaction of $NaCl$ and $CaCO _3$ gives sodium carbonate. But this reaction cannot be used for the manufacture of washing soda since it is a reversible reaction.

  1. True

  2. False


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The reaction of $NaCl$ and $CaCO _3$ gives sodium carbonate. But this reaction cannot be used for the manufacture of washing soda since it is a reversible reaction.

$2NaCl+CaCO _3\rightleftharpoons Na _2CO _3+CaCl _2$.

Hence the given statement is True.

Bleaching powder is soluble in cold water giving a milky solution due to:

  1. available chlorine

  2. lime present in it

  3. calcium carbonate formation

  4. the absorption of carbon dioxide from atmosphere


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Bleaching powder on reaction with cold water form milky solution of calcium hydroxide. 

$CaOCl _2+H _2O\rightarrow Ca(OH) _2+Cl _2$

Thus because of the lime present in it, it gives a milky solution when dissolved in water.

Bleaching powder is obtained by the interaction of $Cl _2$ with a:

  1. dilute solution of $Ca(OH) _2$

  2. concentrated solution of $Ca(OH) _2$

  3. dry $CaO$

  4. dry slaked lime


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

$Ca(OH) _2 +Cl _2 \rightarrow Ca(OCl)Cl + H _2O$
Bleaching powder is obtained by the interaction of $Cl _2$ with a dry slaked lime.

Cobalt chloride acts as a calalyst, in the decomposition of bleaching powder.

  1. True

  2. False


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

$CoCl _2$ is used as catalyst in the decomposition of bleaching powder.

Bleaching powder slowly decomposes to form:

  1. $CaCl _2+Ca(ClO _3) _2$

  2. $CaO+Cl _2$

  3. $CaCl _2+Ca(OCl) _2$

  4. $CaCO _3+Cl _2$


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

When exposed to air, bleaching powder gives a smell of chlorine. This is because bleaching powder reacts with carbon dioxide from the atmosphere to produce calcium carbonate and chlorine.

$Ca(OCl) _2 +CO _2 \rightarrow CaCO _3 +Cl _2$

The average oxidation state of chlorine in bleaching power is :

  1. -1

  2. +1

  3. zero

  4. -2 as well as +2


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

In bleaching powder, $Ca(OCl)Cl$, the two $Cl$ atoms are in different oxidation states i.e., one $Cl^–$ having oxidation number of –1 and the other as $OCl^–$ having oxidation number of +1.


Hence, the average oxidation state of chlorine in bleaching powder is zero.

Which one of the following processes does not occur during formation of $CH{ Cl } _{ 3 }$ from ${ C H } _{ 3 }OH$ and bleaching powder ?

  1. Hydrolysis

  2. Oxidation

  3. Reduction

  4. Chlorination


Correct Option: C
Explanation:
The process that does not occur during the formation of $CHCl _3$ from $CH _3OH$ and Bleaching Powder is REDUCTION PROCESS.
In $CHCl _3$ oxidation state of carbon is +2 and in methanol oxidation state of carbon is-2. This is reduction.

Which of the following negative radical is present in bleaching powder?

  1. Hypochlorite

  2. Chlorate

  3. Chloride

  4. Both $(A)$ and $(C)$


Correct Option: D
Explanation:
Bleaching powder is calcium oxychloride given by the formula $CaOCl _2$ 

Hence, negative radicals are $OCl^-$ & $Cl^-$ i.e. hypochlorite & chloride.

Action bleaching poweder on ethyyl alcohol gives?

  1. Chloroform

  2. Dichloro methane

  3. Trichloro ethane

  4. Ethylene chloride


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The reactions involved are-

$CaOCl _2 + H _2O \rightarrow Ca(OH) _2 + Cl _2$

$C _2H _5OH + [O] \rightarrow CH _3CHO$

$CH _3CHO + Cl _2 \rightarrow CCl _3HO$

$CCl _3CHO + Ca(OH) _2 \rightarrow CHCl _3 + (HCOO) _2Ca$


Hence the product formed is having Chloroform and the correct option is A.

Bleaching properties of bleaching powder are due it its:

  1. Oxidizing properties

  2. Reducing properties

  3. Basic properties

  4. Disinfecting properties


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Chlorine bleaches by the process of oxidation. It needs moisture for its bleaching action.

Chlorine reacts with water to form hydrochloric and hypochlorous acids.

$Cl _2 + H _2O \rightarrow HCl + HClO$

Hypochlorous acid is unstable, and it easily dissociates to form nascent oxygen.

$HClO \rightarrow HCl + [O]$

Nascent oxygen is a more powerful oxidising agent. Its formation is responsible for the bleaching nature of chlorine in the presence of moisture.

Hence option A is correct answer.

Oxidation number of $Cl$ in ${ CaOCl } _{ 2 }$ (bleaching powder) is:

  1. zero, since it contains ${ Cl } _{ 2 }$

  2. $-1$, since it contains ${ Cl }^{ - }$

  3. $-1$, since it contains ${ ClO }^{ - }$

  4. $+1$ and $-1$ since it contains ${ ClO }^{ - }$ and ${ Cl }^{ - }$


Correct Option: D
Explanation:
In bleaching powder,$CaOCl _2,$ the two $Cl$ atoms are in different oxidation states i.e.,one $Cl$ atom having oxidation number of $-1$ and the other as $OCl^-$ having oxidation number of $+1$.
Therefore,$+1$ and $-1$ Since it contains $ClO^-$ and $Cl^-$
Ans is option $D$

Bleaching powder is obtained by treating chlorine with ________ .

  1. $CaO$

  2. $CaC{O _3}$

  3. $CaS{O _4}$

  4. $Ca{(OH) _2}$


Correct Option: D

Bleaching powder is disinfectant for purification of water when water born germs are killed. But disinfectant activity is destroyed. It is due to its disproportionation into:

  1. $ CaCl _2$  and $Cl _2 $

  2. $ CaCl _2$  and $Ca(ClO _3) _2 $

  3. $ CaO$  and $Cl _2 $

  4. $ CaO, Cl _2$ and $CaCl _2 $


Correct Option: B
Explanation:
Bleaching powder is disinfectant for purification of water when water born germs are killed. But disinfectant activity is destroyed because of the degradation of high grade of bleaching powder.
These include disproportionation to give $Ca(ClO _3) _2$ and $CaCl _2$, and with the evolution of $Cl _2$ or $O _2$ depending on the presence or absence of water.

Option B is the correct answer.

The active constituent of bleaching powder is:

  1. $ Ca(OCl) _2$

  2. $ Ca(OCl)Cl $

  3. $ Ca(ClO _2) _2 $

  4. $ Ca(ClO _2)Cl$


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The active constituent of bleaching powder is: $Ca(OCl) _2$

$ CH _3CH _2OH$ on reaction with bleaching powder forms:

  1. $ CHCl _3 $

  2. $ CClCHO$

  3. $ CH _2ClCHO$

  4. $ CCl _4 $


Correct Option: A
Explanation:
When bleaching powder is distilled with alcohol, chloroform is produced.

$CH _3CH _2OH +CaOCl _2 \rightarrow CHCl _3 +Ca(HCOO) _2$

Hence, option A is correct.

Slaked lime and chlorine reacts to produce :

  1. quick lime

  2. $CaCl _2$

  3. $CaOCl _2$

  4. mixture of $CaCl _2$ and $Ca(OCl _2)$


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

$Ca(OH) _2+\underset{\text{dry}}{Cl _2}\xrightarrow{below\,35^oC} \underset{\text{Bleaching powder}}{CaOCl _2 + H _2O}$


$2Ca(OH) _2 + 2Cl _2\xrightarrow{red\, heat} 2CaCl _2 + 2H _2O + O _2\uparrow$

The amount of chlorine obtained from a sample of bleaching powder by treatment with excess of dilute acid or $ \displaystyle CO _{2}$ is called available chlorine.

  1. True

  2. False


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

The available chlorine is defined as the percentage of chlorine made available by bleaching powder when treated with dilute acids. The available chlorine present in bleaching powder sample is determined iodometricaliy by treating its solution with an excess of potassium iodide solution in the acidic medium.

Bleaching powder is used :

  1. for bleaching cotton, wood pulp

  2. as a disinfectant and germicide

  3. for the manufacture of chloroform

  4. as a reducing agent in industries


Correct Option: A,B,C
Explanation:

Bleaching powder + ethanol $\rightarrow$ chloroform
Bleaching powder is used for bleaching cotton, wood pulp, it is also used as a disinfectant and germicide.

Bleaching powder has a strong bleaching action due to:

  1. calcium

  2. chlorine molecule

  3. nascent oxygen

  4. chloride ion


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

The bleaching powder has a strong bleaching action due to the formation of nascent oxygen.

When bleaching powder reacts with a small amount of acid, it gives nascent oxygen. 
Thus, it acts as an oxidizing agent and thus acts as a bleaching agent.

$2CaOCl _2 +H _2SO _4 \rightarrow CaCl _2+CaSO _4+2HOCl$

$2HOCl \rightarrow 2HCl+2[O]$

Materials used in the manufacture of bleaching powder are :

  1. lime stone and chlorine

  2. quick lime and chlorine

  3. slaked lime and HCl

  4. slaked lime and chlorine


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Bleaching powder is calcium oxychloride which is formed by reacting calcium hydroxide with chlorine.

Which of the following has the strongest bleaching property?

  1. Chlorine

  2. Fluorine

  3. Bromine

  4. Iodine


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Chlorine is strongest bleaching property.

Chlorine is a very strong oxidizing agent, which is used commercially as a bleaching agent and as a disinfectant, It is strong enough to oxidize the dyes that give wood pulp its yellow or brown color, for example, thereby bleaching out this color, and strong enough to destroy bacteria and thereby acts as a germicide. 

Which one of the following is a correct statement?

  1. Bleaching powder is a compound

  2. Bleaching powder is mixture of calcium chloride and calcium hypochloride

  3. Bleaching powder is a mixture of calcium chloride,calcium hypochlorite and slaked lime

  4. Bleaching powder is a mixture of sodium chloride and sodium hypochloride


Correct Option: A
Explanation:
Calcium hypochlorite is an inorganic compound with formula $Ca(ClO) _2$. As a mixture with lime and calcium chloride, it is marketed as chlorine powder or bleach powder for water treatment and as a bleaching agent.

The real bleaching agent present in bleaching powder is:

  1. chlorine

  2. oxygen

  3. CaO

  4. None of the above


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Calcium oxychloride (CaOCl2) is known as bleaching powder. In the presence of small amount of dilute acid, it gives nascent oxygen which acts as an oxidising and bleaching agent. When it is treated with excess of dilute acids, chlorine is evolved which is responsible for the bleaching action of bleaching power.

Bleaching powder is:

  1. $CaO _2Cl$

  2. $CaOCl _2$

  3. $CaClO _2$

  4. $CaCl _2+O _2$


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

The correct formula for Bleaching powder is CaOCl2. One chlorine is directly bonded to calcium while other to the oxygen atom.

What is used as a bleaching linen, wood pulp and washed clothes in laundry?

  1. Baking soda

  2. Washing soda

  3. Bleaching powder

  4. Plaster of paris


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Bleaching powder is used as bleaching linen, wood pulp and washed clothes in laundry.

Calcium hydroxide react with chlorine to form:

  1. bicarbonate

  2. bleaching powder

  3. baking soda

  4. washing soda


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Calcium hypochlorite is an inorganic compound with formula $Ca(ClO) _2$. Calcium hydroxide and chlorine form bleaching powder. 

Formula of calcium hypochlorite is:

  1. $CO{ Cl } _{ 2 }$

  2. $Ca{ \left( ClO \right) } _{ 2 }$

  3. $Ca{ \left( Cl{ O } _{ 3 } \right) } _{ 2 }$

  4. $Ca{ \left( Cl{ O } _{ 4 } \right) } _{ 2 }$


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Formula of $calcium : hypochlorite$ is $\displaystyle Ca(ClO) _2$
$\displaystyle CaOCl _2$ represents $\displaystyle calcium : chlorohypochlorite$. It is known as $\displaystyle bleaching : powder$.

Bleaching powder loses ___________ by the action of dilute acids in excess.

  1. oxygen

  2. calcium

  3. chlorine

  4. water


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Reaction of bleaching powder with $dil.HCl$:

$CaOCl _2 + 2HCl \rightarrow CaCl _2 + Cl _2 + H _2O$  

On long standing, bleaching powder undergoes auto-oxidation into:

  1. $Ca(ClO _3) _2, CaCl _2$

  2. $CaO, CaCl _2$

  3. $CaClO, CaClO _3$

  4. $CaClO _2, CaCl _2$


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

On long standing, bleaching powder undergoes auto-oxidation into calcium chlorate $Ca(ClO _3) _2$ and $ CaCl _2$.
 $6CaOCl _2 \rightarrow 6 Ca(ClO _3) _2  + 5 CaCl _2$.
The bleaching powder is $CaOCl _2$

Uses of bleaching powder is/are:

  1. It is used as a disinfectant in sterilization of water

  2. It is used to bleach straw, ivory

  3. It is used as an oxidising agent in industry

  4. It is used for making wool unshrinkable


Correct Option: A,C,D
Explanation:

Following are the uses of bleaching powder.
(A) It is used as a disinfectant in sterilization of water
(C) It is used as an oxidising agent in many chemical reactions in industry
(D) It is used for making wool unshrinkable
Bleaching powder is useful in preparation of organic solvent chloroform which is also used as an anesthetic.
Bleaching action is possible on cotton in textile industry, wood pulp in paper factories and washed clothes in laundary.

Bleaching powder loses oxygen in the presence of:

  1. calcium chloride

  2. cobalt chloride

  3. sodium chloride

  4. none of the above


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Bleaching powder loses oxygen in the presence of  cobalt chloride catalyst.
$2CaOCl _2 \xrightarrow {CoCl _2} 2CaCl _2 + O _2$

The colour of bleaching powder is :

  1. green

  2. pale yellow

  3. blue

  4. white


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Bleaching powder is a yellowish white powder which gives a strong smell of chlorine.

When treated with $conc. HCl, MnO _{2}$ yields a gas $(X)$ which further reacts with $Ca(OH) _{2}$ to generate a white solid $(Y)$. The solid $Y$ reacts with $dil. HCl$ to produce the same gas $X$. The solid $Y$ is :

  1. $CaO$

  2. $CaCl _{2}$

  3. $Ca(OCl)Cl$

  4. $CaCO _{3}$


Correct Option: D
Explanation:
X : Carbon dioxide              $CaCO _3+HCl  \rightarrow CaCl _2+ H _2O+CO _2$     
Y : Calcium Carbonate      $Ca(OH) _2 + CO _2 \rightarrow CaCO _3 + H _2O$
Z : $Ca(HCO _3) _2$                    $CaCO _3+H _2O+CO _2\rightarrow Ca(HCO _3) _2$

Bleaching powder is used for disinfecting drinking water.

  1. True

  2. False


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Bleaching powder, $CaOCl _2$ or calciumoxychloride is used to kill germs and bacteria of water because it contains chlorine element, which is good disinfecting agent.

Bleaching powder has several uses, some of which are mentioned here. Pick the false one.

  1. For decolourising sugar

  2. For bleaching paper pulp

  3. For sterilizing water

  4. For making chloroform


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Bleaching powder is used for bleaching dirty clothes in the laundry, as a bleaching agent for cotton and linen in the textile industry. It is a strong oxidizing agent hence used as an oxidizer in many industries. It is used as a disinfectant which is used for disinfecting water to make potable water.It is also used for bleaching paper pulp,sterilizing water,making chloroform.

It is not used to decolourize sugar and hence option A is false one.

Which of the following can act as a catalyst in the decomposition of bleaching powder?

  1. Cobalt chloride

  2. Cobalt

  3. Chlorine

  4. None of the above


Correct Option: A,B
Explanation:

Heavy metals like Ni, Co, Mn, Cu and their chlorides accelerate the decomposition of bleaching powder.

When bleaching powder undergoes auto-oxidation, the change in oxidation state is:

  1. $+1 \ to +5$

  2. $-1\  to\  0$

  3. $+1 \ to +3$

  4. $-1\  to +3$


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

$6Ca(OCl) _2 \rightarrow 6Ca(ClO _3) _2 + 5CaCl _2$

On treating bleaching powder with ethyl alcohol it gives chloroform.

  1. True

  2. False


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

${ CaOCl } _{ 2 }+{ C } _{ 2 }{ H } _{ 5 }OH\rightarrow { CHCl } _{ 3 }+Ca{ \left( OH \right)  } _{ 2 }$

Bleaching powder is obtained by the reaction of $Cl _{2}$ with:

  1. dilute solution of $Ca[OH] _{2}$

  2. concentrated solution of $Ca[OH] _{2}$

  3. dry $CaO$

  4. dry slaked lime


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

$2Cl _2 + 2Ca(OH) _2(conc.) \rightarrow Ca(OCl) _2 + CaCl _2 + 2H _2O$

Available chlorine can be liberated from bleaching powder by the reaction with:

  1. $conc.H _{2}SO _{4}$

  2. $dil. H _{2}SO _{4}$

  3. $CO _{2}$

  4. $dil. HNO _{3}$


Correct Option: B,C,D
Explanation:

Available chlorine in bleaching powder is the amount of chlorine liberated by the action of dilute acids on bleaching powder.

On long standing, bleaching powder undergoes auto oxidation.

  1. True

  2. False


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

On long standingbleaching powder undergoes auto-oxidation which results in the formation of calcium chloride and calcium chlorate.


$6 CaOCl _2 \rightarrow5CaCl _2   + 6 Ca(ClO3) _2 $

Hence, the given statement is $true$

Substance $X$:
(I) reacts with $H _2S$ to produce white turbidity.
(II) changes light green solution of $FeSO _4$ into yellow colour.
(III) reacts with moisture to give pungent smelling gas.
Hence $X$ is:

  1. $KMnO _4$

  2. $K _2Cr _2O _7$

  3. $SO _2$

  4. $CaOCl _2$


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

$CaOCl _2+H _2O\rightarrow Ca(OH) _2+\underset {(\text {Pungent smelling gas})}{Cl _2}\uparrow$
$H _2S+Cl _2\rightarrow 2HCl+\underset {(\text {White turbidity})}{S}$
$\underset {(\text {Light green})}{2FeSO _4}+H _2SO _4+Cl _2\rightarrow Fe _2(SO _4) _3+2HCl$

The bleaching property of chlorine water is due to:

  1. formation of nascent oxygen

  2. formation of nascent chlorine

  3. formation of ${O} _{3}$

  4. reducing property of ${Cl} _{2}$


Correct Option: A
Explanation:
${ Cl } _{ 2 }+{ H } _{ 2 }O\rightarrow HCl+HOCl\rightarrow 2HCl+\left[ 0 \right] $
$\left[ 0 \right] $-Nascent oxygen
Chlorine water act as strong oxidizing agent because of nascent oxygen produced in water.
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