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Phylum ctenophora - class-X

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Ctenophora got their names from

  1. Presence of colloblast cells

  2. Presence of paddle like comb plates

  3. Presence of cnidoblasts

  4. All of the above


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Ctenophora is a phylum of animals that live in marine waters worldwide. Their most distinctive feature is the combs, which is groups of cilia they use for swimming. They are the largest animals that swim by means of cilia. Generally, the outer surface bears usually eight comb rows, called as swimming plates, which are used for swimming. Comb plates paddle plates in them are arranged circumferentially like seams in a football. 

So, the correct answer is option B.

Ctenophora shows affinities with 

  1. Cnidaria

  2. Aschelminthes

  3. Cephalopoda

  4. Turbellaria


Correct Option: A
Explanation:
Ctenophora is a phylum of marine animals which has a diploblastic body like cnidarians. They consist of a jelly-like substance known as mesoglea between endoderm and ectoderm. Ctenophores also resemble cnidarians in having a decentralised nerve net rather than a brain. Both these groups rely on water flow through the body cavity for both digestion and respiration.
Thus, the correct answer is option A.

Biradial symmetry and lack of cnidoblasts are characteristic of 

  1. Hydra and starfish

  2. Starfish and sea anemone

  3. Ctenophora and Beroe

  4. Aurelia and Paramecium


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Beroe is also known as the mellon jellyfish and is the most common type of species of phylum Ctenophora. Ctenophora is known to have biradial symmetry. Each of the four parts is identical to the opposite side but different from the adjacent side. Cnidoblasts and nematocysts are absent in Ctenophora and are found in cnidarians. 

Thus, the correct answer is option C.

Comb jellies are placed under the group 

  1. Rotifera

  2. Acanthocephala

  3. Cnidaria

  4. Ctenophora


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Ctenophora is a phylum of animals that lives in marine water. Their most distinctive feature is the combs and groups of cilia they use for swimming. They are the largest animals that swim by means of cilia.

So, the correct answer is option D.

Colloblast (adhesive) cells are the characteristic of 

  1. Hydra

  2. Comb jelly

  3. Obelia

  4. All of the above


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Tentacles are the organs which are used to catch the prey. These are present at the opening of the gastrovascular cavity. Colloblasts are a cell type found in ctenophores. They are widespread in the tentacles of these animals and are used to capture prey. These are found in all ctenophores except those of the order Beroida, as they lack tentacles. So, the correct answer is option B.

Which has no skeleton?

  1. Cockroach

  2. Mosquito

  3. Butterfly

  4. Jelly fish


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Jellyfish are the major non-polyp form of the individuals of the phylum Cnidaria. They are free-swimming marine animals consisting of a gelatinous umbrella-shaped bell and trailing tentacles. They do not possess a proper skeleton.
Therefore, the correct answer is option D.

True jelly fishes belongs to the class

  1. Scyphozoa

  2. Anthozoa

  3. Hydrozoa

  4.  Both A and B


Correct Option: A
Explanation:
Jellyfish are the organisms which belong to the group of class Scyphozoa. These are the organisms which do not form the structure of the polyp. They are from the phylum Coelenterate. There are many tentacles which are attached to the bell shaped body. 
Therefore, the correct answer is option A.

The characteristic feature of Ctenophora is

  1. Presence of eight comb plates for locomotion

  2. Absence of nematocysts

  3. Presence of colloblasts of lasso cells on the tentacles for capturing food

  4. All of the above


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Ctenophora is a phylum of animals that live in marine waters. The outer surface bears usually eight comb rows. This is called as comb plates or swimming-plates, which are used for swimming. Ctenophora lack stinging nematocysts. Lasso cells are kind of defensive and offensive stinging cells. These are found in great numbers in all coelentrates. 

Thus, the correct answer is option D. 

Which of the following is an example of Ctenophora?

  1. Beroe and Cestum

  2. Ctenoplana

  3. Pleurobrachia

  4. All of the above


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Ctenophora is a phylum of animals that live in marine waters. The outer surface bears usually eight comb rows. This is called as comb plates or swimming-plates, which are used for swimming. Ctenophora lack stinging nematocysts. Lasso cells are kind of defensive and offensive stinging cells. These are found in great numbers in all coelentrates.  The Beroe or Melon jellyfish and flattened species like Cestum belongs to Ctenophora. Ctenoplana is a genus of comb jellies andPleurobrachia is a common genus of Ctenophora.Thus, the correct answer is option D.

Ctenophores exhibit

  1. Radial symmetry

  2. Asymmetry

  3. Biradial symmetry

  4. Bilateral symmetry


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

  • Ctenophora are also known as comb jellies. This is a phylum of animals that lives in marine waters. 
  • Many species in this group have the body which is biradially symmetrical. The main axis is oral to aboral (from the mouth to the opposite end). This gives the bilateral form. 
  • The tentacles are present around the mouth. These tentacles radiate outwards. This gives the radial form of symmetry. Thus, the type of symmetry is known as biradial symmetry. 

Therefore, the correct answer is option C.

Ctenophora shows affinities with 

  1. Cnidaria

  2. Aschelminthes

  3. Cephalopoda

  4. Turbellaria


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Ctenophora shows several affinities with Cnidaria, some of them are:

1. The radial and tetramerous symmetry of the body, like the medusa of the hydrozoans.
2. Arrangement of parts along oral-aboral axis. 
3. Presence of branching gastrovascular canals and absence of coelom.
4. Presence of tentacles and statocyst.
5. Endodermal nature of gonads etc.
Hence, option A is correct.

Which of the following phylum includes comb jelly?

  1. Mollusca

  2. Echinodermata

  3. Coelenterata

  4. Ctenophora


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Ctenophores, commonly known as sea walnuts or comb jellies are exclusively marine, radially symmetrical, diploblastic organisms with tissue level of organization. The germs layers include ectoderm and endoderm. 

So, the correct answer is option D.

Hydra recognizes its prey by

  1. Nematocyst

  2. Smell

  3. Sensitivity

  4. None of the above


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Hydra traps its prey by  tentacles which are present at the opening of the gastrovascular cavity. Scattered over the outer layer tentacles are a great many of these stinging cells called cnidoblasts. Each cnidoblast contains a capsule (nematocyst) from which projects a small trigger called a cnidocil. Inside each capsule is a tiny hollow thread. It is inverted like a finger of a glove which is pushed into the hand part. These threads are the food-catching apparatus. 

So, the correct answer is option A.

 A. Symmetry of ctenophorans  1. Haeckelia
 B. Ctenophora with nematocyst  2. Radial
 C. Habitat of comb jellies   3. Colloblast
 D. Specialised cells of comb jellies  4. Marine


  1. A- 3, B- 4, C- 2, D- 1

  2. A- 4, B- 3, C- 2, D- 1

  3. A- 1, B- 2, C- 3, D- 4

  4. A- 2, B- 1, C- 4, D- 3


Correct Option: D
Explanation:
The ctenophores have radial symmetry. They have elongated and tubular body. They are attached to the substratum by on end. The other end has an opening called as mouth which is surrounded by long tentacles. Thus, the symmetry of these organism are called as biradial symmetry. 
Species of Haeckelia are known to carry nematocysts on their medusae. They carry the nematocysts on their tentacles. There are nematocysts which are arranged on the medusae. 
Habitat of comb jellies is marine waters. They can survive in shallow waters as well as in depth. Some of the species are found near the water surface.
Specialised cells are present in comb jellies which are known as colloblasts. These are sticky type of cells and adhere to the prey. This helps in capturing the prey as these organisms lack the stinging cells. 
Thus, the correct answer is option D. 

The symmetry exhibited by comb jellies is

  1. Spherical Symmetry

  2. Bilateral symmetry

  3. Biradial symmetry

  4. None of the above


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Ctenophore phylum which includes Comb jellies exhibit Biradial symmetry. It is when the organism can be divided up into equal parts, but with two planes only. Hence option C is correct.

Comb jellies are 

  1. Strong swimmers

  2. Phytoplanktons

  3. Planktonic animals

  4. None of the above


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Comb jellies are not strong swimmers. They are typically planktonic animals, transparent and unpigmented and most swim by the synchronous beating of the eight rows of comb plates. Hence, option C is correct.

Why does the Ctenophora is a minor phylum?

  1. It includes small sized animals.

  2. It includes only few genera.

  3. It does not includes animals of economic importance.

  4. It was included earlier in Cnidaria.


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Ctenophora is considered as a small phylum. The phylum contains very few genera and only about 80 species. This group includes a set of marine animals. These organisms are commonly called as comb jellies. Earlier, this phylum was placed under Coelenterata. Hatschek placed it under a separate phylum. 

Thus, the correct answer is option B. 

Biradial symmetry and lack of cnidoblasts are the characteristic of 

  1. Hydra and starfish

  2. Starfish and sea anemone

  3. Ctenoplana and Beroe

  4. Aurelia and Paramoecium


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Biradial symmetry and lack of cnidoblasts are characteristics of phylum Ctenophora. They have adhesive structure, known as coloblasts instead of cnidoblasts. Both Ctenoplana and Beroe are ctenophores. Hence, option C is correct.

Ctenophores have the following symmetry

  1. Spherical

  2. Pentaradial

  3. Biradial

  4. All of the above


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

The ctenophores are diploblastic with a biradial symmetry or modified radial  (with an underlying bilateral symmetry), which is a bit different than the radial symmetry typical of cnidarian.

A radially symmetrical free swimming bioluminescent diploblastic marine organism is

  1. Sea Fan

  2. Sea Pen

  3. Sea Walnut

  4. Bath sponge


Correct Option: C

Tentacles are absent in

  1. Beroe

  2. Ctenoplana

  3. Hormiphora

  4. Obelia


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Boroe is a type of comb jelly and has a body structure that is transparent and sac like with a mouth at one end. The gastrovascular channels are beneath the cilia and the animal lacks any tentacles otherwise. So, the correct answer is 'Boroe.

Comb jellies belong to the phylum

  1. Ciliophora

  2. Coelenterata

  3. Porifera

  4. Ctenophora


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Comb jellies are oval-shaped animals with eight rows of tiny comb-like plates that they beat to move through the water.  They are gelatinous animals belonging to the phylum of animals that live in marine waters worldwide, ctenophora.
Thus, the correct answer is option D.

Select the taxon whose members live exclusively in marine water.

  1. Annelida

  2. Ctenophore

  3. Arthropoda

  4. Mollusca


Correct Option: A

Ctenophores exhibits

  1. Bioluminescence

  2. Metagenesis

  3. Parthenogenesis

  4. Metamerism


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Ctenophores, also called the comb-jellies, exhibit bioluminescence. The enzyme called photoprotein is present in them in which luciferin is combined with oxygen. When the calcium changes the shape of the ptotoprotein, light is given off.

Hence, the correct answer is 'Bioluminescence'  

Intermediate between diploblastic and triploblastic body structure is found in

  1. Porifers

  2. Coelenterates

  3. Ctenophores

  4. Platyhelminthes


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Some animals are three layered with ectoderm, endoderm and mesoderm called triploblastic.  Ctenophores have two main layers of cells that sandwich a middle layer of jelly-like material, which is called the mesoglea. So, even though the layers of tisse are diploblastic the presence of the third jelly-like layer gives them an intermediate stage.

So, the correct answer is 'Ctenophores'.

Which is absent in ctenophores?

  1. Epidermis

  2. Intercellular and intracellular digestion

  3. Cnidoblasts

  4. Medusa phase.


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Ctenophores have colloblast in their tentacles to capture/ disarm their prey as opposed to cnidarians like jelly fish having Cnidoblasts doing the same function.

So, the correct answer is 'Cnidoblasts'.

What is present in mesoglea of ctenophores which makes it a loose layer of cells?

  1. Amoebocytes

  2. Elastic cells

  3. Nerve cells and muscle cells

  4. All the above


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

The loose layer of jelly-like substance in Ctenophores is mesoglea which are composed of muscle bundles and nerve fibres that lie under the epethelial cells. They are hydrostatic and have elastic cells along with amoebocytes that have a role in phagocytosis, 

So, the correct answer is 'All the above'.

Comb plates are found in ____________.

  1. Adamsia

  2. Aurelia

  3. Nereis

  4. Pleurobrachia


Correct Option: D

Biradial symmetry and lack of cnidoblasts are characteristics of

  1. Hydra and Starfish

  2. Starfish and Sea Anemone

  3. Ctenoplana/Ctenophora and Beroe

  4. Aurelia and Paramecium


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Biradial symmetry is a combination of radial and bilateral symmetry, as in the ctenophores. Here, the body components are arranged with similar parts on either side of a central axis, and each of the four sides of the body is identical to the opposite side but different from the adjacent side. Also, Cnidblasts being exclusive Cnidarian character does not exist in Ctenophora.

So, the correct answer is 'Ctenoplana and Boroe'.

Anal pores occur in gastrovascular system of

  1. Physalia

  2. Corals

  3. Aurelia

  4. Ctenophores


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

In Ctenophores, the digestion is predominantly completed in the stomadaeum(extracellular). The undigested food passes out either throught the mouth or the anal pores. 

So, the correct answer is 'Ctenophores'.

Ctenophores possess statocysts in

  1. Oral region

  2. Aboral region

  3. Base of comb plates

  4. Base of tentacles


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Statocysts are a balance organ present in ctenophores. This provides equilibriuim for the organism while swimming. These statocysts are situated away from the oral or mouth region also called the aboral region. 

So, the correct answer is 'Aboral region'.

Ctenophores have similarities with members of

  1. Porifera

  2. Coelenterata

  3. Arthropoda

  4. Annelida


Correct Option: B
Explanation:
Ctenophores share the most similarities with Coelenterates which include Biradial symmetry, simple organisation, oral-aboral axis arrangement, branched coelenteron and presence of mesoglea
So, the correct answer is 'Coelenterata'

Symmetry of ctenophores is generally

  1. Bilateral

  2. Radial

  3. Biradial

  4. Absent


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Ctenophores are cylindrical/flat with a biradially symmetrical body along an oral-aboral axis. Biradial symmetry refers to the type of symmetry which is the combination of both radial and bilateral.

So, the correct answer is 'Biradial'.

Which one is absent in Beroe?

  1. Statocyst

  2. Stomodaeum

  3. Tentacles

  4. Anal pores


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Boroe is a transparent comb jelly with sac-like body with a mouth on one side and gonads internally present. However, it lacks any tentacles. So, the correct answer is 'Tentacles'.

Which group of animals reproduces only by sexual means

  1. Porifera

  2. Protozoa

  3. Ctenophora

  4. Cnidaria


Correct Option: C

Comb plates of ctenophores possess

  1. Cilia for locomotion

  2. Cilia for filter feeding

  3. Teeth for crushing

  4. Teeth for filtering


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The tentacles of Ctenophores have meridonial bands with transversely arranged combs like structures. Comb-like eight ciliary plates on the body serve the purpose of locomotion. 

So, the correct answer is 'Cilia for locomotion'.

Tentacles of ctenophores contain

  1. Cnidoblasts

  2. Colloblasts

  3. Digestive glands

  4. All of the above


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Ctenophores use their tentacles to capture their prey and these tentacles are made of specialized cells called colloblast. These colloblast are made of axial filaments and a granular sticky dome.

So. the correct answer is 'Colloblasts'.

Ctenoplana differs from Hormiphora and Beroe in having

  1. Pear shaped body

  2. Conical ovate body

  3. Flat bilobed body

  4. Branched axis


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

While Beroe have a sac like transparent body, Hormiphora have a pear shaped body. Ctenoplana has a circular and flattened body. So, the correct answer is 'Flat bilobed body'.

Comb plates are found in?

  1. Neresis

  2. Aurelia

  3. Adamsia

  4. Pleurobrachia


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

A locomotor organ consisting of a row of strong cilia whose bases are fused are called Comb plates. These  are found in 'Pleurobrachia'.

So, the correct option is 'Pleurobrachia'.

Match the columns and find the correct option.

       I         II          III
(1) Ctenophora (a) Ancylostoma (i) Bioluminescence
(2) Platyhelminthes (b) Pleurobrachia (ii) Acoelomate
(3) Cyclostomata (c) Planaria (iii) Migration
(4) Ascheiminthes (d) Ophiura (iv) Coslomate
(5) Echmodermata (e) Hog fishes (v) Endoparasite
  1. 1 - a - i, 2 - c - ii, 3 - b - iii, 4 - e - v, 5 - d - iv

  2. 1 - d - i, 2 - e - ii, 3 - c - iii, 4 - a - v, 5 - d - iv

  3. 1 - b - i, 2 - c - ii, 3 - e - iii, 4 - a - v, 5 - d - iv

  4. 1 - c - i, 2 - a - ii, 3 - d - iii, 4 - e - v, 5 - b - iv

  5. 1 - b - i, 2 - d - ii, 3 - c - iii, 4 - e - v, 5 - a - iv


Correct Option: C

Select the correct one(s) for Ctenophora -

  1. They have similarities with Cnidaria

  2. They have 8 external rows of ciliated comb plates for locomotion

  3. Bioluminescene

  4. All


Correct Option: D
Explanation:
Ctenophores, variously known as comb jellies, sea gooseberries, sea walnuts, or Venus's girdles, are voracious predators. Unlike cnidarians, with which they share several superficial similarities, they lack stinging cells. They have ciliated comb plates for locomotion and exhibit bioluminescence
So, the correct option is 'All'

Comb jelles or sea walnuts are placed under -

  1. Cnidaria

  2. Ctenophora

  3. Echinodermata

  4. Annelida


Correct Option: B
Explanation:
Ctenophores, variously known as comb jellies, sea gooseberries, sea walnuts, or Venus's girdles, are voracious predators. Unlike cnidarians, with which they share several superficial similarities, they lack stinging cells.
So, the correct option is 'Ctenophora'

Find out the odd one.

  1. Adamsia

  2. Astraea

  3. Physalia

  4. Pleurobrachia


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Adamsia, Astraea and Physalia belong to the phylum Cnidaria (Coelenterata). Cnidarians are aquatic, mostly marine, solitary or colonial sessile or free swimming, radially symmetrical animals. These phyla are divided into three classes Hydrozoa, Scyphozoa, and Anthozoa. Pleurobrachia belongs to the phylum Ctenophora.

So the correct answer is 'Pleurobrachia'.

Biradial symmetry and lack of cnidoblasts are the characteristics of-

  1. Starfish and sea anemone

  2. Ctenoplana and Beroe

  3. Aurelia and Paramecium

  4. Hydra and starfish


Correct Option: B
Explanation:
Ctenoplana and Beroe lack cnidobiasts and have brradial symmetry. These belong to phylum-Ctenophora. Hydra, sea anemone and Aurelia are coelenterates which have cnidoblasts. Although sea anemone has biradial symmetry.

So, the correct answer is 'Ctenoplana and Beroe'.

Match list I with list II and select the correct option.

List I List II
a. Protozoa 1. Cleiona
b. Aschelminthes 2. Beroe
c. Porifera 3. Monocystis
d. Ctenophora 4. Wuchereia
e. Cnidaria 5. Pennatula
  1. a- 3, b- 4, c- 1, d- 2, e- 5 

  2. a- 4, b- 3, c- 1, d- 2, e- 5 

  3. a- 5, b- 4, c- 1, d- 2, e- 3 
  4. a- 1, b- 4, c- 3, d- 2, e- 5 


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Beroe (comb jellyfish) belong to the Ctenophora. Monocystis is an endoparasite found in the seminal vesicles and coelom of earthworm (Annelida). Wuchereria is a human parasitic roundworm (Aschelminthes) known to cause lymphatic filariasis. Pennatula is colonial marine cnidarian. Cleiona belongs to Porifera.

Therefore, the correct answer is option A.

Presence of comb plates is characteristic feature of

  1. Porifera

  2. Cnidaria

  3. Ctenophora

  4. Platyhelminthes

  5. Annelida


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Ctenophores are commonly known as sea whales or comb jellies, radially symmetry, diploblastic organisms with tissue level of organization. The body bears eight external rows of ciliated comb plates which help in locomotion, hence the name Ctenophora. Cnidocytes are absent.

So the correct answer is 'Ctenophora'.

Which of the following is not a characteristic of phylum Ctenophora?

  1. They are exclusively marine, radially symmetrical animals

  2. They move by cilia, which join together to form eight median comb plates

  3. When the tentacles are present they are two in number and contain cnidoblasts

  4. Reproduction takes place only by sexual means


Correct Option: A

Select the wrongly paired one from the following.

  1. Flats worms - Tape worm and liver fluke

  2. Sea walnuts - Hydra and Obelia

  3. Homoiothermous - Aves and mammals

  4. Incomplete digestive system - Platyhelminthes


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

a) Tape worm and liver fluke belongs to phylum platyhelminthes, having dorsoventrally flattened body hence are flat worms.

b) Hydra and Obelia are cnidarians belongs to phylum coelenterata and exhibit two basic body forms i.e, polyp and medusa. Sea walnuts belongs to phylum ctenophora and bears comb plates.
c) Homiothermous are warm blooded animals which maintains a constant body temperature and includes aves and mammals.
d) Platyhelminthes have incomplete digestive system as they absorb nutrients from the host directly through their body surface.
So, the correct answer is option B.

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