Zoroastrianism, Mazdayasna, is one of the world's oldest religions that remains active. It is a monotheistic faith, centered in a dualistic cosmology of good and evil and an eschatology predicting the ultimate destruction of evil. Ascribed to the teachings of the Iranian-speaking prophet Zoroaster, it exalts a deity of wisdom, Ahura Mazda, as its Supreme Being. Major features of Zoroastrianism, such as messianism, judgment after death, heaven and hell, and free will have influenced other.

Taoism, or Daoism, is a religious or philosophical tradition of Chinese origin which emphasizes living in harmony with the Tao. The Tao is a fundamental idea in most Chinese philosophical schools; in Taoism, however, it denotes the principle that is the source, pattern and substance of everything that exists. Taoism differs from Confucianism by not emphasizing rigid rituals and social order, but is similar in the sense that it is a teaching about the various disciplines for achieving "perfection.

Ashoka was a Hindu by birth but he followed Hinduism till Kalinga War only. After Kalinga War, he transformed from Hindu to Buddhist.  He embraced Buddha's teachings of love and non-violence and denounced the war as state policy. He decided to conquer the hearts of his subjects.

Buddhism arose in northeastern India sometime between the late 6th century and the early 4th century BCE. At that time, there was major discontent  with Brahmanic (Hindu high-caste) sacrifice and ritual. Buddhism is a religion that encompasses a variety of traditions, beliefs and spiritual practices largely based on original teachings of the Buddha.

Zoroastrianism is an ancient pre-Islamic religion of Iran. The descendants of Zoroastrian Iran (Persia) immigrants are known as Parsis. Zoroastrianism was the state religion of three Persian dynasties, until the Muslim conquest of Persia in 7th century AD. Zoroaster is regarded as the founder of the religion. Many Parsis escaped Muslim persecution in Iran by emigrating to India. 

Confucius (551-479 BC) was a contemporary of Mahavir and Gautam Buddha. He was a Chinese philosopher and teacher whose ethical and political theories have deep impact even in modern China. He interlinked the morality of government and personal life. He emphasized that morality should begin at personal level and it will lead to honesty in public sphere. He was a champion of family values like respecting elders, parents etc which will automatically translate into respecting rules and laws.  

Suddodhana was the father of Gautama Buddha. He was the leader of Shakya tribe. 

Kapilavastu was an ancient city on the Indian subcontinent which was the capital of Shakya. It is the place where Buddha was raised and lived until the age of 29. Buddha, whose original name was Siddhartha Gautama, was the founder of Buddhism and was born in Lumbini into the Shakya clan.

Yashodhara was the wife of Gautama Buddha. Yasodhara was the daughter of King Suppabuddha and Pamita, sister of King Suddhodana. Her father was Koliya and mother came from Shakya family. Yashodhara married her cousin, the Shakya prince Siddhartha, at the age of 16 years. Later she followed Buddhism and became Bhikkhuni.

Buddha, whose original name was Siddhartha Gautama, was the founder of Buddhism. He was born to Suddhodana and Mahamaya in Lumbini in the Shakya clan and thought to have lived in India from 563 B.C. to 483 B.C. He obtained his enlightenment in Bodh Gaya, gave his first sermon in Sarnath, and died in Kushinagar.

Buddha, whose original name was Siddhartha Gautama, was the founder of Buddhism. He was born to Suddhodana and Mahamaya in Lumbini in the Shakya clan and thought to have lived in India from 563 B.C. to 483 B.C. Manahmaya's sister Mahāpajāpatī Gotamī was the foster mother of Buddha.

Buddha, whose original name was Siddhartha Gautama, was the founder of Buddhism. He was born in Lumbini into the Shakya clan and thought to have lived in India from 563 B.C. to 483 B.C. Kanthaka was the horse who accompanied Siddhartha in all important expeditions. He was the horse pulling the chariot when Channa, the charioteer was explaining the four sights of an elderly man, a sick person, a dead person and an ascetic to Siddhartha.

Trishala was the mother of Mahavira and the most recent of the Tirthankaras of Jainisma. Trishala, like the mother of the Buddha, was a member of the Kshatriya caste. According to Jain tradition, Trishala lived some 2,500 years ago and, like the mothers of all 24 Tirthankaras, had a series of 14 auspicious dreams during pregnancy that revealed her son’s exalted status.

The Parsees came to India from the Pars or Fars province of Iran. Therefore, they are known as Parsees. It is mostly believed that they first came to Gujarat in the eighth century CE.

The Parsees came to India from the Pars or Fars province of Iran. Therefore, they are known as Parsees. It is mostly believed that they first came to Gujarat in the eighth century CE.

Zarathushtra or Zoroaster was the founder of Parse religion. 'Ahur Mazda' is the name of their God. The elements of fire and water are very important in their religion. The sacred fire burns in the temples which are known as Agyaris. At the core of Parsee thinking are three main principles of conduct, namely, good thoughts, good words and good deeds.

Bahubali was also called as Gomateshwara. He is a well-known figure in Jainism. He was the son of Adinath, the son of Tirthankara. The statue of Gomateswara at Sravanabelagola in Karnataka is dedicated to him.

Zarathushtra or Zoroaster was the founder of Parse religion. 'Ahur Mazda' is the name of their God. The elements of fire and water are very important in their religion. The sacred fire burns in the temples which are known as Agyaris.

The religious movements of Buddhism and Jainism were led by Prince Siddhartha and Prince Vardhman later on known as Buddha and Mahavira Swami respectively. Both were Kshatriya Princes. They both started a new religious ideology which doesn't believe in the varna system and other superstitions. Buddha belonged to Sakya clan in Lumbini. Mahavira Swami's father Siddhartha was the chief of Kshatriya clan.

The famous book Tao Teh Ching was composed by Lao-Tse. It is a classical text in Chinese composed in 6th century BC. It deals with both philosophical and religious Taoism. It influenced both Confucianism and Buddhism. Its influence has spread widely outside East Asia. It is among the most translated works in the World literature.

The term Tirthankara is associated with Jainism. These are the spiritual teachers of Jainism. According to Jainism, an individual who got victory over the cycle of death and rebirth is known as Tirthankara. In Jainism, there are 24 Tirthankara. First was Rishabhanat and last (24th) was Mahavira Swami.

• Lao-Tse wrote a book in two parts, running into 5,000 words. His book Tao Teh Ching is a guide to the conduct of life.
  
• He was born in 604 BCE. Disgusted with the intrigues of politicians and the prevailing corruption of his time, he left China to live in a peaceful abode. 
  

True.

Lao-Tse wrote a book in two parts, running into 5,000 words. He then disappeared from the place and no one knew where he died. His book Tao Teh Ching is a guide to the conduct of life. He was born in 604 BCE. Disgusted with the intrigues of politicians and the prevailing corruption of his time, he left China to live in a peaceful abode.

In matters of national life, Confucius felt that the people in the nation are the actual and proper source of political sovereignty. 

The philosophy of Confucius gave the Chinese people an awareness of their political rights. It also clearly listed the government's duty towards the people. Confucius felt that the government should work with an ideal. He advised that the ruler must appoint persons of character in the government to govern the people impartially.

The superior man, according to Confucius, is not merely intelligent or scholarly, but his character should be exemplary. The superior man of Confucius possesses three virtues: 

• Intelligence, 
• courage and 
• goodwill.

Zoroaster taught that the great object of religion, state or society is the cultivation of morality. The highest religious conception is purity of thought, word and deed. 

He asserted that Ahura Mazda has seven qualities:
(1) light; 
(2) good mind; 
(3) right; 
(4) dominion; 
(5) piety; 
(6) well-being; and 
(7) immortality.

Confucius was born in the Shantung province of China in 551 BCE. He studied history, poetry, philosophy and music. He is the author of five important works

• The Book of Records

• The Book of Odes

• The Book of Changes

• The Spring and Autumn Annals and

• The Book of History

They laid down the systems of morals and social behaviour for individuals and communities. Hence Confucianism should be characterised as a system of social and ethical philosophy rather than as a religion.

• Lao-Tse was disgusted with the intrigues of politicians and the prevailing corruption of his time. So he left China to live in a peaceful abode. 
  
• His book Tao Teh Ching is a guide to the conduct of life. It is written in two parts and runs to about 5000 words.

Confucius said that wisdom grows from the family and that the foundation of society is the disciplined individual in an orderly family. The superior man, according to him, is not merely intelligent or scholarly, but his character should be exemplary. The superior man of Confucius possesses three virtues: intelligence, courage and goodwill.

Ahura Mazda in Persian means the Lord of Light.

Zoroaster of Persia is the founder of Zoroastrianism. Zoroaster was pained to find his people worshipping primitive deities. He revolted against it and proclaimed to the world that there is one god, Ahura Mazda (the Lord of Light).

The holy book of Zoroastrians is Zend Avesta. It is a collection of sacred literature of different epochs, containing religious hymns, invocations, prayers, confessions, laws, myths and sacred reminiscences.

Rig Veda makes a clear reference to Rishabha and Arsishtanami , the Jaina tirthankaras. Rishabha , the first tirthankar of Jainism , is known to be an incarnation of Lord Vishnu. He is mentioned in the Bhagavat Purana and the Rig Veda and Arishtanemi also called Neminatha the 22nd of the 24 Tirthankaras of Jainism a traditional religion of India.While the last two Tirthanakaras may be considered historical personages. Arishtanemi is a legendary figure. Said to have lived 84,000 years before the coming of the next Tirthankara.

Zoroastrianism ceased to exist in its place of origin, as in the wake of the Muslim conquest of Persia (Iran), many of the Zoroastrian families fled to different countries, including India between the eighth century and tenth century CE. With their dwindling numbers and in the face of coercive measures adopted by the Arabs to push through their new faith, as well as the incidents of destruction of fire temples and killing of priests, Zoroastrianism went into a decline.

Buddhism in China was introduced by Indian Monks in ca. 150 CE during Han Dynasty. Kublai Khan was the first Mongolian emperor who promoted it in China.  Though the successors practiced Shamanism which was widely popular in northern Europe and Siberia.  

Vardhaman Mahavira was born in 540 BC in Kundagrama near Vaishali, capital of Videha. He had an aristocratic Kshatriya background, his father Siddhartha being the Chief of Jnatri clan and mother Trishala the sister of the Videha king. 

Tirthankara, in Jainism, is a saviour who has succeeded in crossing over life’s stream of rebirths and has made a path for others to follow. According to Jain belief, each cosmic age produces its own group of 24 Tirthankaras. The first tirthankara in this present time cycle was Rishabhanatha. He attained moksha on Mount Kailas in the Himalayas,

Lord Mahavir was the twenty-fourth and the last Tirthankara in Jainism. At the age of 30, he left his family and royal household, gave up his worldly possessions, including clothing and become a monk.

King Siddhartha was the father of Lord Mahavira.Lord Mahavira was born Prince Vardhamana to king Siddhartha and Queen Trishala of the Ikshvaku dynasty. King Siddhartha was the chief of the Jnatrika clan, an indigenuous oligarchical tribe.

Mahavira was born in 540 B.C in a village called Kundgrama near Vaishali in Bihar. Mahavira was the 24th and last Tirthankar and it was he who made Jainism a separate religion.

Tirthankara, in Jainism, is a saviour who has succeeded in crossing over life’s stream of rebirths and has made a path for others to follow. According to Jain belief, each cosmic age produces its own group of 24 Tirthankaras. The first tirthankara in this present time cycle was Rishabhanatha. The 23$^{rd}$ tirthankara was Parswanath. He was the first Tirthankara for whom there is historical evidence.

Lord Mahavira belonged to the Jnatrika tribe. His father was the chief of the Jnatrika clan, an indigenous oligarchical tribe.

Confucianism is a system of social and ethical philosophy rather than as a religion started after the person Confucius who was an ancient Chinese philosopher. The five Cardinal Principles of Confucius Ethics are:
1. Humaneness 
2. Righteousness 
3. Propriety
4. Wisdom and 
5. Trustworthiness

The Ajivikas were an ancient sect of Indian ascetics who believed in fatalism, karma, and liberation. Makkhali Gosala was the founder of Ajivika sect. It was a popular sect during the reign of Bindusara, the Mauryan Emperor. King Bindusara and his wife both were the followers of this sect. It is also mentioned in the edicts of Ashoka.