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Metal carbonyls - class-XII

Description: metal carbonyls
Number of Questions: 35
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Tags: coordination chemistry d- and f- block elements & coordination compounds chemistry coordination compounds
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$Cr - C$ bond in the compound $[Cr(CO) _6]$ shows $\pi$ - character due to :

  1. covalent bonding

  2. coordinate bonding

  3. synergic bonding

  4. ionic bonding


Correct Option: C
Explanation:
  1. Synergic bonding is the description of the bonding of $\pi$ - configuration ligands to the transition metal which involves donation of electrons through back bonding.
    2. Mainly carbonyl ligands in complex compounds involves in this type of bonding.

$\left[ {C{O _2}{{(CO)} _8}} \right]$ displays:

  1. One-Co Co bond, six terminal CO and two bridging CO

  2. One-Co Co bond, four terminal CO and four bridging CO

  3. No-Co Co bond, six terminal CO and two bridging CO

  4. No-Co Co bond, four terminal CO and four bridging CO


Correct Option: C

Which of the following factors tends to increase the stability of metal ion complexes?

  1. Higher ionic radius of the metal ion

  2. Higher charge/size ratio of the metal ion

  3. Lower ionisation potential of the metal ion

  4. Lower basicity of the ligand


Correct Option: B
Explanation:
For a given ligand, the stability of complexes of metallic ions having the same charge on them decreases with the increase of the size of the central metal ions. Again if the charge of central metal ion is more and the site is small, then the stability of the complex is more. Higher charge/size ratio of metal ion i.e highly charged cation and the smaller cation can form more stable complexes.
Answer will be B.

Consider the following complexes $[V(CO) _6]^-,[Cr(CO) _6]$ and $[Mn(CO) _6]^+$. Then incorrect statement(s) about metal carbonyls is /are

  1. 'C-O' bond is strongest in the cation and weakest in the anion

  2. 'C-O' bond order is less in the cation than in anion

  3. 'C-O' bond longer in the cation than in anion or neutral carbonyl

  4. 'M-C' bond order is higher in the carbon than in anionic or neutral carbonyl.


Correct Option: A

If CO ligands are substituted by NO in respective neutral carbonyl compounds then which of the following will not be correct formula?

  1. $Cr(CO) _3(NO) _2$

  2. $Fe(CO) _2(NO) _2$

  3. $Cr(NO) _4$

  4. $Ni(CO) _2(NO) _2$


Correct Option: A

The V-C distance in ${\text{V}}{\left( {{\text{CO}}} \right) _{\text{6}}}\;{\text{and}}\;\left[ {{\text{V}}{{\left( {{\text{CO}}} \right)} _{\text{6}}}} \right]$ are respectively (in pm) -

  1. 200, 200

  2. 193, 200

  3. 200, 193

  4. 193, 193


Correct Option: C

Which of the following statement is correct regarding the compound ${\text{''}}\left[ {{{\left( {{\text{CO}}} \right)} _{\text{3}}}{\text{Fe}}{{\left( {{\text{CO}}} \right)} _{\text{3}}}{\text{Fe}}{{\left( {{\text{CO}}} \right)} _{\text{3}}}} \right]{\text{'}}$

  1. The ${{\text{d}} _{{\text{C - O}}}}$ (bridging) is greater than ${{\text{d}} _{{\text{C - O}}}}$ (terminal)

  2. The bond order of bridging C-O bond is greater than that of terminal C-O bond

  3. The E.A.N. value of each Fe-atom is 35

  4. the oxidation state of Fe in this complex is (-1)


Correct Option: A

For the complex $\left[ {{\text{Fe}}{{\left( {{\text{Co}}} \right)} _{\text{3}}}} \right]$ what is wrong:-

  1. It is $\sigma {\text{ - \pi }}$ bonded organometallic compound

  2. In the complex value of x = 6

  3. Int he complex CO is ${\text{\pi }} - {\text{acid}}$ ligand

  4. It is trigonal bipyramidal shape


Correct Option: A

The strongest -CO bond is present in 

  1. ${\left[ {{\text{Cr}}{{\left( {{\text{CO}}} \right)} _{\text{6}}}} \right]^ + }$

  2. $\left[ {{\text{Fe}}{{\left( {{\text{CO}}} \right)} _5}} \right]\;$

  3. ${\left[ {{\text{V}}{{\left( {{\text{CO}}} \right)} _{\text{6}}}} \right]^{\text{ - }}}$

  4. all have equation


Correct Option: B

Which of the following statement is correct regarding metal carbonyl?

  1. In ${Mn} _{2}{(CO)} _{10}$ bond order of $Mn-Mn$ is $0$

  2. In ${Fe} _{2}{(CO)} _{9}$ bond order of $Fe-Fe$ is $1$

  3. In $Ni{(CO)} _{4}$, all bond length are same

  4. $Fe{(CO)} _{5}$ is diamagnetic


Correct Option: D

Which of the following does not have a metal-carbon bond.

  1. ${C} _{2}{H} _{5}MgBr$

  2. $K[Pt({C} _{2}{H} _{4}){Cl} _{2}]$

  3. $Ni{(CO)} _{4}$

  4. $Al{(O{C} _{2}{H} _{5})} _{3}$


Correct Option: D

Which of the following is correct value of n in ${\text{Cr}}\left( {{\text{CO}}} \right){\text{n}}$

  1. 2

  2. 4

  3. 6

  4. Unpredictable


Correct Option: A

Which of the following is correct?

  1. $H _{3}PO _{3}$ is dibasic and reducing

  2. $H _{3}PO _{3}$ is dibasic and non-reducing

  3. $H _{3}PO _{4}$ is tribasic and reducing

  4. $H _{3}PO _{3}$ is tribasic and non-reducing


Correct Option: B

Which of the following organometallic compound

is $\sigma $ and $\pi $ bonded?

  1. $[Fe(\eta ^{5}-C _{5}H _{5}) _{2}]$

  2. $[PtCl _{3}(\eta ^{2}-C _{2}H _{4})]$

  3. $[Co(CO) _{5}NH _{3}]^{2+}$

  4. $Al(CH _{3}) _{3}$


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

$[PtCl _{3}(\eta ^{2}-C _{2}H _{4})]$ and $[Fe(\eta ^{5}-C _{5}H _{5}) _{2}]$ are pi bonded organometallic compound.

$Al(CH _3) _3
is sigma bonded organometallic compound.
$[Co(CO) _{5}NH _{3}]^{2+}$ is sigma and pi bonded organometallic compound.

Which of the following organometallic compound is $\sigma$ and $\pi$ bonded -

  1. $[Fe(\eta^{5} - C _5H _5) _2]$

  2. $K[PtCl _3(\eta^{2} - C _2H _40]$

  3. $[Co(CO) _5NH _3]^{+2}$

  4. $Fe(CH _3) _3$


Correct Option: C
Explanation:
Option (C) is correct.
$[Co(CO) _5NH _3]^{+2}$ is $\sigma$ and $\pi$ bonded.
In this organometallic compound,bond between cobalt and $CO$ ligands have both $\sigma$ and $\pi$ character.$\sigma$- bond formation between metal and carbon of $CO$ takes place by overlap of filled bonding $\pi _{2p}$ of $CO$ with an empty metal $d$- orbital.
The 2nd overlap takes place between metal $d$- orbital with an empty antibonding pi orbital of the $CO$ resulting in additional $\pi$- bond between the metal and same $CO$ molecule. 

Which of the following metal(s) form(s) polynuclear carbonyl?

  1. Na

  2. Mg

  3. Mn

  4. Al


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Manganese forms poly nuclear carbonyl.  


Polynuclear metal carbonyls are generally found in late transition metals with low formal oxidation states.

Option C is correct.

Which of the following complex ion has least stability ?

  1. $[Co(NH _2) _6]^{2+}$

  2. $[Co(CN) _6]^{3-}$

  3. $[Co(NH _3) _6]^{3+}$

  4. $[Co(CO) _6]^{3+}$


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Cobalt with odd atomic number $(=27)$ does not form a monometallic carbonyl compound. Thus, $[Co(CO) _6]^{3+}$ is least stable among the given.

Which of the following does not have a metal-carbon bond:

  1. $C _{2}H _{5}MgBr$

  2. $K\left [ Pt \left ( C _{2}H _{4} \right ) Cl _{3}\right ]$

  3. $Ni\left ( CO \right ) _{4}$

  4. $Al\left ( OC _{2}H _{5} \right ) _{3}$


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Chemical compounds containing at least one chemical bond between a carbon atom of an organic molecule and a metal.

$C _2H _5MgBr$ is a $\sigma$-bonded complexes.
$K[Pt(C _2H _4)Cl _3]$ contains a bond between carbon and potassium which is a metal.
$Ni(CO) _4$ also contains metal-carbon bond as it is itself a metal carbonyl.

Which of the following statement(s) is/are true?

  1. In metal carbonyl complexes $d _{C-O}$ increases compared to that in CO molecule

  2. The pair of compounds $[Cr(H _2O) _6]Cl _3$ and $[CrCl _3(H _2O) _3]\cdot 3H _2O$ show hydrate isomerism.

  3. $d _{z^2}$ orbital of central metal atom/ion is used in $dsp^2$ hybridisation.

  4. Facid and Meridional isomers associated with $[Ma _3b _3]^{n\pm}$ type complex compound, both are optically inactive.


Correct Option: A,D
Explanation:

(A) Metal carbonyls involve synergic bonding $(M\underset {\sigma}{\overset {\pi}\rightleftharpoons } L)$. Filled metal d orbital overlaps with antibonding pi orbital of CO. Thus the bond order and bond length in CO decreases.
Thus option A is correct.
(B) $[CrCl _3(H _2O) _3]\cdot 3H _2O$ is not a hydrate isomer of $[Cr(H _2O) _6]Cl _3$.
Thus option B is incorrect.
(C) The d-orbitals involved in s$sp^3d^2  and\  d^2sp^3$  hybridisation of the central metal ion are $d _{x^2-y^2}$  and  $d _{z^2}$ respectively.
Thus option C is incorrect.
(D) Both fac and mer isomers of $[Ma _3b _3]^{n\pm}$ are optically inactive as they contain plane of symmetry.
Thus option D is correct.

Select the correct order of C-O bond order in mixed phosphine carbonyl complex :

  1. $[(Ph _3P) _3Mo(CO) _3] > [(Ph _2PCl) _3Mo(CO) _3] > (PhPCl _2) _3 Mo (CO) _3]$

  2. $[(Ph _3P) _3Mo(CO) _3] > [(Ph _2PCl) _3Mo(CO) _3] < (PhPCl _2) _3 Mo (CO) _3]$

  3. $[(Ph _3P) _3Mo(CO) _3] = [(Ph _2PCl) _3Mo(CO) _3] > (PhPCl _2) _3 Mo (CO) _3]$

  4. $[(Ph _3P) _3Mo(CO) _3] < [(Ph _2PCl) _3Mo(CO) _3] > (PhPCl _2) _3 Mo (CO) _3]$


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

As phenyl group increases, resonance increases and bond length increases so order is
$[(Ph _3P) _3Mo(CO) _3] > [(Ph _2PCl) _3Mo(CO) _3] < (PhPCl _2) _3 Mo (CO) _3]$

The π acid ligands donate their lone pairs to the metal to form a normal σ bond with the latter in addition to it, the vacant orbitals accept e− from the filled metal orbitals to form a type of π−bond which supplements the σ bond.

Which of the following has lowest C-O bond length ?
  1. $[Ni(CO) _4]$

  2. $[Co(CO) _4]^{-}$

  3. $[Fe(CO) _4]^{2-}$

  4. $[Mn(CO) _6]^+$


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

This type of bonding where a metal is bonded with the carbon of a carbonyl compound is known as synergic bonding. In a metal carbonyl, the M-C bond has both σ and π character. The ligand donates eΘ pair to the central metal atom, and simultaneously accepts eΘ pair from central metal atom through synergic bonding. Here, all the options are examples of organometallic compounds. Due to synergic bonding, the metal carbon bond strength increases and bond length decreases due to the partial double bond character. Thus, the C-O bond strength decreases and bond length increases and bond order of CO decreases as the number of antibonding electrons increase. Out of the four options, the option D has Mn+, implying that the electron donating nature among the options is minimum. Therefore, tendency of synergic bonding is minimum, and thus M-C bond length is maximum implying that C-O bond strength is maximum and C-O bond length is minimum.

The pi acceptor ligand are those which possess vacant $\pi$-orbitals in addition to the lone pairs of $e^-$,which of the following complex/ion has highest M-C bond order?

  1. $[V(CO) _6]^{-}$

  2. $Fe(CO) _5$

  3. $Ni(CO) _4$

  4. $[Mn(CO) _6]^+$


Correct Option: A

Which of the following complex/ion has lowest C-O bond order ?

  1. $[V(CO) _6]^-$

  2. $Fe(CO) _5$

  3. $Ni(CO) _4$

  4. $[Mn(CO) _6]^+$


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

There are vacant orbitals in central atom in $[V(CO) _6]-$ which results in synergic bonding. Due to synergic bonding between V and CO the bond length between C and O increases and Bond order is inversely proportional to bond length.

Which of the following complex/ion has highest C-O bond length ?

  1. $[V(CO) _6]^-$

  2. $Fe(CO) _5$

  3. $Ni(CO) _4$

  4. $[Mn(CO) _6]^+$


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

There are vacant orbitals in central atom in $[V(CO) _6]-$ which results in synergic bonding. Due to synergic bonding between V and CO the bond length between C and O increases.

The pi acceptor ligand are those which possess vacant $\pi$-orbitals in addition to the lone pairs of $e^-$which of the following complex/ion has lowest M-C bond length ?

  1. $[V(CO) _6]^-$

  2. $Fe(CO) _5$

  3. $Ni(CO) _4$

  4. $[Mn(CO) _6]^+$


Correct Option: A

In which of the following cases, the synergic bonding takes place at the n-orbital of the ligand ? 

  1. [PtCl$ _3$(C$ _2$H$ _4$)]$^-$

  2. [Ni(PF$ _3$)$ _4$]

  3. [Cr(C$ _6$H$ _6$)$ _2$]

  4. [Fe($\pi$-C$ _5$H$ _5$)$ _2$]


Correct Option: A,C,D

Which of the following is/are example( s) of $\sigma$-bonded organometallic compound ? 

  1. Al$ _2$(CH$ _3$)$ _6$

  2. Pb(CH$ _3$)$ _4$

  3. Zn(C$ _2$H$ _5$)$ _2$

  4. Ferrocene


Correct Option: A,B,C
Explanation:

Option (A),(B),(C) are correct.Ferrocene is example of organometallic compound but is not $\sigma$-bonded. Its formula is $Fe(C _5H _5) _2$. It is the prototypical metallocene, a type of organometallic chemical compound consisting of two cyclopentadienyl rings bound on opposite sides of a central metal atom. Such organometallic compounds are also known as sandwich compounds. Each cyclopentadienyl (Cp) ring is then allocated a single negative charge, bringing the number of -electrons on each ring to six, and thus making them aromatic. These twelve electrons (six from each ring) are then shared with the metal via covalent bonding. 

Which of the following statement(s) is/are incorrect ? 

  1. Metal carbonyls are the examples of only $\sigma$-bonded organometallic complexes.

  2. Metal carbonyls are the examples of only $\pi$-bonded organometallic complexes.

  3. Metal carbonyls are the examples of organometallic complexes which involve both $\sigma$- and $\pi$-bonds between metal and carbon of the carbonyl group.

  4. Metal carbonyls involve both $\sigma$- and $\pi$-bonds between metal and oxygen of the carbonyl group.


Correct Option: A,B,D

Among the following complexes, the C-O bond order is lowest in :

  1. [Mn(CO)$ _6$]$^+$

  2. [Fe(CO)$ _5$]

  3. [Cr(CO)$ _6$]

  4. [V(CO)$ _6$]$^-$


Correct Option: D

If the bond length of the C - O bond in CO is 1.128$\overset{o}{A}$ what is the value of the bond length in [Fe(CO)$ _5$] ?

  1. $1.15$ $\overset{o}{A}$

  2. $1.128$ $\overset{o}{A}$

  3. $1.72$ $\overset{o}{A}$

  4. $1.118$ $\overset{o}{A}$


Correct Option: D

Match the column :

Column-I Column-II
(a) $[Fe(CO) _4]^{2-}$ (p) Complex having lowest bond length of CO ligand
(b) $[V(CO) _6]^{-}$ (q) Follow Sidgwick's rule of E.A.N.
(c) $K[PtCl _3(C _2H _4)]$ (r) Synergic bonding is involved in complex/ion
(d) $[Fe(H _2O) _5NO]SO _4$ (s) Complex having highest bond length of CO ligand
(t) Oragnometallic compound
  1. (a) q,r,s,t; (b) p,q,r,t; (c) r,t; (d) r

  2. (a)s,t; (b) p,q,r,t; (c) r; (d) r

  3. (a) q,s,t; (b) q,r,t; (c) r,t; (d) r

  4. (a) q,r,t; (b) q,r,t; (c) r;


Correct Option: A
Explanation:
(a) The complex $[Fe(CO) _4]^{2-}$
(q) Follow Sidgwick's rule of E.A.N.
(r) Synergic bonding is involved in complex/ion
(s) Complex having highest bond length of CO ligand
(t) Oragnometalic compound
(b) The complex  $[V(CO) _6]^{\Theta}$
(p) Complex having lowest bond length of CO ligand
(q) Follow Sidgwick's rule of E.A.N.
(r) Synergic bonding is involved in complex/ion
(t) Oragnometalic compound
(c) The complex  $K[PtCl _3(C _2H _4)]$
(r) Synergic bonding is involved in complex/ion
(t) Oragnometalic compound

(d) The complex  $[Fe(H _2O) _5NO]SO _4$
(r) Synergic bonding is involved in complex/ion


Effective atomic number (EAN) is number that represents the total number of electrons surrounding the nucleus of a metal atom in a metal complex. 
It is composed of the metal atom’s electrons and the bonding electrons from the surrounding electron-donating atoms and molecules.
In Synergic bonding, the ligand donates its electron density to metal and the metal in turn backdonates its electron density to ligand.
The back donation reinforce the sigma bond, and vice versa. This type of bonding has been called the synergic bonding 
Organometallic compounds have bonds between metal atom and C atom.

If the bond length of $CO$ bond in carbon monoxide is 1.128 $\overset{o}A$, then what is the value of $CO$ bond length in $Fe$$(\mathrm{C}\mathrm{O}) _{5}$? 

  1. 1.15 $\overset{o}A$

  2. 1.128 $\overset{o}A$

  3. 1.72 $\overset{o}A$

  4. 1.178 $\overset{o}A$


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The metal (Fe) makes the back bonding to CO. The metal to ligand bonding creates a synergic effect which strengthens the bond between CO and the metal (Fe).Which results in the contraction of CO bond length.

$[Ni(CO) _{4}]>[Co(CO) _{4}]^{-}>[Fe(CO) _{4}]^{2-}$ is the correct order with respect to M-C $\pi$ bond. Where M=Ni, Fe, and Co

  1. True

  2. False


Correct Option: B
Explanation:
In carbonylate anion, the metal has a greater electron density to
be dispersed, with the result that M-C, $\pi $ bonding is enhanced in
strength. Hence the correct order is$[Ni(CO) _{4}]<[Co(CO) _{4}]^{-}<[Fe(CO) _{4}]^{2-}$. for strength of M - C$\pi $ bond.

Among the metal carbonyls $[Mn(CO) _6]^+, [Ti(CO) _6], [Cr(CO) _6]$ and $[V(CO) _6]^-$ the $C-O$ bond order would be lowest in :

  1. $[Mn(CO) _6]^+$

  2. $[Ti(CO) _6]^{2-}$

  3. $[Cr(CO) _6]$

  4. $[V(CO) _6]^-$


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The $C-O$ bond order would be lowest at $[Mn(CO) _6]^+$. 


The metal bears a positive charge which makes the back donation process favourable. 

The electrons from the metal fill the $\pi -$ antibonding orbital of CO, they weaken the carbon-oxygen bond.

Hence, the correct option is A.

If in the mixed carbonyl, the other ligand is also pi acceptor, it would compete with the ligand CO for gaining the metal $d _\pi$ electron charge. The higher is the extent of back donation in CO, the lesser will be the stretching vibration frequency for C-O bond. If $PF _3$ is better $\pi$-acceptor than CO, then answer the following.


Select the correct order of stretching vibration frequency C-O bond in the following molecules :

  1. $[Ni(CO) _4] > [Ni(PF _3)(CO) _3]$

  2. $[Ni(CO) _4] < [Ni(CO) _3 (PF _3)]$

  3. $[Ni(CO) _4] = [Ni(PF _3)(CO) _3]$

  4. Can not predicted


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

If $PF _3$ is a better $\pi$-acceptor ligand than CO, then
extent of back donation from $M \overset{\pi}{\rightarrow} C \equiv O$ decreases, and hence bond order of CO will less decrease.
Stretching frequency of C - O bond $\propto$ bond order of C $\equiv$ O.
Therefore, stretching frequency of $[Ni(PF _3)(CO) _3] >  [Ni(CO) _4]$.

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