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Measuring temperature - class-VIII

Description: measuring temperature
Number of Questions: 33
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Tags: temperature and heat heat measurements paths of heat flow physics measurement and effects of heat physical quantities and measurement heat - measurement
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The range of a clinical thermometer is

  1. 0-100$^0$C

  2. 32-214$^0$F

  3. 0-1273$^0$C

  4. 35-42$^0$C


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

A clinical thermometer is used to measure the body temperature which normally remains between $35^{\circ}$C and $42^{\circ}$C.


People boil water as safe measure to drink because:

  1. Boiled water is tasty

  2. Boiled water is more powerful

  3. Heating water is fashionable

  4. Excessive heat kills the microorganisms present in the water


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

People boil water as safe measure to drink because excessive heating kills the microorganisms present in the water and becomes safe to drink it.

At low temperatures ________  type of thermometer is used.

  1. mercury thermometer

  2. water thermometer

  3. alcohol thermometer

  4. thermometers cannot be used


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Alcohol has a low freezing point.

The most commonly used thermometric substance is

  1. water

  2. alcohol

  3. mercury

  4. steam


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Mercury is the only one in liquid state at room temperature. It's used in thermometers because it has high coefficient of expansion. Hence, the slightest change in temperature is notable when it's used in a thermometer. It also has a high boiling point which makes it very suitable to measure higher temperatures, and it doesn't stick to glass.

State whether given statement is True or False
The upper standard point of a thermometer is 273 K

  1. True

  2. False


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

The lower fixed point, or ice point, is the temperature of pure melting ice at normal atmospheric pressure. The upper fixed point, or steam point, is the temperature of pure boiling water at normal atmospheric pressure.

A barometer with a brass scale correct at $0^oC$ reads $70\ cm$ of mercury on a day when the air temperature is $40^oC$. the correct reading at $0^oC$ is (Coefficient of real expansion of mercury, is $0.00018/^oC$ and the coefficient of linear expansion of brass is $0.000018/^oC$.

  1. $60.5\ cm$

  2. $69.5\ cm$

  3. $20.5\ cm$

  4. $50.00\ cm$


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

If the correct heading of barometer at $0^oC$ is $70\ cm$ then the at $40^oC,$ the reading will show,

$L=70(1+\alpha _1\Delta T)$    $[\alpha$ ,of Brass , $\Delta T=40\ k]$
similarly , mercury expands to $70\ cm$ from initial length $Lo$
$\Rightarrow L=Lo(1+\alpha _2\Delta T)$   ($\alpha _2:$ mercury)
It gives :-
$Lo=\dfrac{70(1+\alpha _2\Delta T)}{(L+\alpha _2\Delta T)}=\dfrac{70(1+1.8\times Lo^{-5}\times 40)}{(1+1.8\times 10^{-4}\times40)}$
$Lo=69.55\ cm$

A Fahrenheit thermometer registers $107^{o}F$ while a faulty Celsius thermometer registers $42^{o}C$. Find the error in the later

  1. $0.37^{o}$

  2. $0.87^{o}$

  3. $0.67^{o}$

  4. $48$


Correct Option: C

The pressure of a gass filled in the bulb of a constant volume gas thermometer at temperatures $0^{o}C$ and $100^{o}C$ are $27.50\ cm$ and $37.50\ cm$ of $Hg$ respectively. At an unknown temperature the pressure is $32.45\ cm$ of $Hg$. Unknown temperature is

  1. $30^{o}C$

  2. $39^{o}C$

  3. $49.5^{o}C$

  4. $29.6^{o}C$


Correct Option: C

The height of the mercures column in a barometer provided with a bross scale corrected at $ 0^0C $ is obserevd to be 74.9 cm at $ 15^0 C $ . find the true height of the coulmn at $ 0^0 C/ \alpha _b=20 \times 10^{-6} /c^0 \gamma _Hg=175 \times 10^{-6}/c^0 . $

  1. 74.72 cm

  2. 79.92 cm

  3. 74.12 cm

  4. 72.64 cm


Correct Option: A

Mercury thermometers can be used to measure temperatures upto:

  1. $100^{o}C$

  2. $212^{o}C$

  3. $360^{o}C$

  4. $500^{o}C$


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Mercury thermometer is based on the principle of change of volume with rise of temperature and can measure temperatures ranging from $-{30}^{\circ}$C to ${357}^{\circ}$C.

We cannot use mercury thermometer at low temperatures because:

  1. Glass might break down at low temperature.

  2. Heat does not flow from the body whose measurement we are taking with the thermometer.

  3. At low temperatures mercury becomes transparent and it becomes difficult to take the readings.

  4. Mercury freezes at low temperatures.


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Mercury, which is used as a thermometric liquid, has the following characteristic properties:

1. Mercury has a high boiling point of about $357^{\circ}$C and therefore can be used to measure temperatures as high as $357^{\circ}$C.

2. Mercury has a freezing point of about $-39^{\circ}$C and hence it is suitable in thermometers to record low temperatures (although not very low temperatures).

3. Mercury is opaque and has a shining silvery colour of its own, making it clearly visible in the capillary tube of a thermometer. 


4. Mercury needs very little heat to expand and so it can easily measure the temperature of a body without causing a decrease in the body's temperature.

5. Mercury does not stick to the side of the glass capillary tube of a thermometer. Therefore, it allows accurate temperature measurement.

6. Mercury is a good conductor of heat.

7. Mercury is relatively expensive.

Mercury is commonly used as a thermometric fluid rather than water because

  1. specific heat of mercury is less than water

  2. specific heat of mercury is more than water

  3. mercury has greater visibility than water

  4. density of mercury is more than the water


Correct Option: C
Explanation:
Mercury is commonly used as a thermometric fluid rather than water because mercury has greater visibility than water
Mercury has high melting and boiling points making it a liquid over a broad range of temperature.
Since it is a metal, it has a stable coefficient of expansion hence it expands uniformly and noticeably for a slight change of temperature.
Mercury is a non sticky viscous metal and hence it makes a clear meniscus, helpful in readings.
Mercury will not expand when it solidifies hence it doesn’t break the glass tube of the thermometer.

Compared to other liquids, why is mercury preferred as a barometric fluid?

  1. Height of mercury barometer is smaller so it is more convenient to handle

  2. Mercury does not stick to the glass surface of barometric tube

  3. Mercury shines so it is easier to take the observations

  4. Coefficient of expansion of mercury is less than other liquids


Correct Option: A,B

A thermometer is gradated in millimeters . It registers -3 mm when the bulb of themometer is a pure melting ice  and 22 mm when the thermometer is in stem at a pressure of 1 atmosphere. The temperature in $^{ \circ  }C$  when the thermometer registers 13 mm is 

  1. $\frac { 13 }{ 25 } \times 100$

  2. $\dfrac { 16 }{ 25 } \times 100$

  3. $\dfrac { 13 }{ 22 } \times 100$

  4. $\dfrac { 16 }{ 22 } \times 100$


Correct Option: A

The temperature of a normal human being is

  1. $31^{o} C$

  2. $37^{o} C$

  3. $20^{o} C$

  4. $50^{o} C$


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

$98.4^{o} F$ is temperature of normal human being. Which is also equal to $37^{o} C$.

Name the device which is used to measure temperature.

  1. Caloriemeter

  2. Thermometer

  3. Vermier calliper

  4. None


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Thermometer is used to measure temperature. The degree of hotness or coldness of a body is temperature.

$10$grams of hydrogen gas and $40$ grams of helium gas are mixed in a closed vessel. Heat that has to be supplied to the gas raise its temperature by $50^oC$ is

  1. $2750$J

  2. $2750$cal

  3. $2000$cal

  4. $2000$J


Correct Option: A

To mark a temperature scale on a thermometer, standard temperatures knows as fixed points are needed.
Which of these is a fixed point on the Celsius scale?

  1. room temperature

  2. the temperature inside a freezer

  3. the temperature of pure melting ice

  4. the temperature of pure warm water


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

To define the Celsius temperature scale two "reliable" temperatures are used. These are, the melting point of pure ice, which gives us the lower fixed point of the scale and the boiling point of pure water (at atmospheric pressure) which gives us the upper fixed point.

The range of clinical thermometer is

  1. $37^{o}C$ to $42^{o}C$

  2. $95^{o}F$ to $110^{o}F$

  3. $90^{o}F$ to $112^{o}F$

  4. $95^{o}C$ to $104^{o}C$


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The clinical thermometer is a specially designed thermometer to measure the body temperature. The range of a clinical thermometer is centred around the human body temperature around $37^oC \ to \ 42^oC$.

A thermometer is used to measure

  1. heat

  2. thermal capacity

  3. water equivalent

  4. temperature


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Temperature is measured by a thermometer

A mercury thermometer, with a concave reflector behind the bulb, is placed in front of an electric fire. Which of the following combinations will cause the smallest reading on the thermometer?

  1. Black reflector, black bulb

  2. Black reflector, shiny bulb

  3. Shiny reflector, shiny bulb

  4. Remains same


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

A mercury thermometer, with a concave reflector behind the bulb, is placed in front of an electric fire.Black reflector, shiny bulb combinations will cause the smallest reading on the thermometer The black coating absorbs energy and warms up and warms the bulb by conduction.

A________is used to measure temperature

  1. Thermometer

  2. Barometer

  3. Manometer

  4. None of these


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

A thermometer is a device that measures temperature or a temperature gradient. A thermometer has two important elements: (1) a temperature sensor (e.g. the bulb of a mercury-in-glass thermometer or the digital sensor in an infrared thermometer) in which some change occurs with a change in temperature, and (2) some means of converting this change into a numerical value (e.g. the visible scale that is marked on a mercury-in-glass thermometer or the digital readout on an infrared model). Thermometers are widely used in industry to monitor processes, in meteorology, in medicine, and in scientific research

Water is better thermometric liquid

  1. True

  2. False


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

The above statement is false.

Water can't be used as thermometric liquid as:
(i) It sticks to the glass
(ii) It is transparent, and hence difficult to read its level through 
(iii) It is volatile and hence vapors apply pressure on the surface thereby affecting reading
(iv) It is a poor conductor of heat.
(v) its expansion is not uniform.
(vi) It freezes at 0°C and boils at 100°C and hence range is not very wide.

State whether given statement is True or False
Thermometer measures the heat energy in a body

  1. True

  2. False


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

A thermometer is a tool that measures temperature — how hot or cold something is.Made up of thermo (heat) and meter (measuring device), the meaning of the word thermometer is pretty straightforward. Thermometers measure temperatures in degrees, according to either the Celsius or Fahrenheit system.

Thermometer measures the temperature of body

State whether true or false.
Thermometer is an instrument used for measuring the temperature of a body

  1. True

  2. False


Correct Option: A
Explanation:
A Thermometer is a device. which measures the temperature of the body it is brought in contact with.
Hence, OPTION : A (true).

Name the device for detecting and measuring small amount of thermal energy.

  1. Pyranometer

  2. Pyrometer

  3. Barrater

  4. Bolometer


Correct Option: D

State whether true or false :
A gas thermometer measures temperature with the variation in pressure or volume of a gas.

  1. True

  2. False


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

A gas thermometer measures temperature by the variation in volume or pressure of a gas.This thermometer functions by Charles's Law. Charles's Law states that when the temperature of a gas increases, so does the volume.

Using Charles's Law, the temperature can be measured by knowing the volume of gas at a certain temperature by using the formula, written below. Translating it to the correct levels of the device that is holding the gas. This works on the same principle as mercury thermometers.

${\displaystyle V\propto T\,},$
or

${\displaystyle {\dfrac {V}{T}}=k} $
T is the temperature.

V is the volume.

The resistance of a platinum wire of a platinum resistance thermometer at the ice point is $5 \Omega$ and at steam point is $5.4 \Omega$. When the thermometer is inserted in a hot bath, the resistance of the platinum wire is $6.2 \Omega$. Find the temperature of the hot bath.

  1. $300^\circ C$

  2. $30^\circ C$

  3. $3000^\circ C$

  4. $300 \ K$


Correct Option: A
Explanation:
Given,

Resistance of platinum wire at ice point, $R _0=5\,\Omega$

Resistance of platinum wire at hot bath $R _H=6.2\,\Omega$

Temperature at hot bath $T _H=?$

We have,

$R _T=R _0[1+\alpha(T-T _0)]$

$\implies R _{100}=R _0[1+\alpha(T _{100}-T _0)]$

$\implies 5.4=5[1+\alpha(100-0)]$

$\implies \dfrac{5.4}{5}-1=100\alpha$

$\implies \alpha=\dfrac{1}{1250}  \, ^0 C^{-1}$

Also,

$R _H=R _0[1+\alpha (T _H-T _0)]$

That is,

$6.2=5[1+\dfrac{1}{1250}(T _H-0)]$

$\dfrac{6.2}{5}-1=\dfrac{1}{1250}\times T _H$

$\implies T _H=300^0 C$


45 gm of alcohol are needed to completely fill up a weight thermometer at $15^{\circ}C$. Find the weight of alcohol which will overflow when the weight thermometer is heated to $33^{circ}C$.
(Given ${ \gamma  } _{ a }=121\times { 10 }^{ -5 }{ { \circ  } _{ C } }^{ -1 }$

  1. 0.96 gm

  2. 0.9 gm

  3. 1 gm

  4. 2 gm


Correct Option: C

Consider two thermometers $T _1$ and $T _2$ of equal length which can be used to measure temperature over the range $\theta _1$ and $\theta _2$. $T _1$ contains mercury as thermometric liquid while $T _2$ contains bromine. The volumes of the two liquids are the same at the temperature $\theta _1$. The volumetric coefficients of expansion of mercury and bromine are $18\times 10^{-5}K^{-1}$ and $108\times 10^{-5}K^{-1}$, respectively. The increase in length of each liquid is the same for the same increase in temperature. If the diameters of the capillary tubes if the two thermometers are $d _1$ and $d _2$ respectively, then the ratio $d _1:d _2$ would be closest to.

  1. $6.0$

  2. $2.5$

  3. $0.5$

  4. $0.4$


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Increase in length of each liquid is same 

$\dfrac{\Delta V _{hg}}{\pi d _1^2}=\dfrac{\Delta V _{br}}{\pi d _2^2}$
$\dfrac{\Delta V _{hg}\Delta\theta}{\pi d _1^2}=\dfrac{\Delta V _{br}\Delta\theta}{\pi d _2^2}$
$\dfrac{d _12}{d _2^2}=\dfrac{\gamma _{hg}}{\gamma _{br}}=\dfrac{1}{6}$
$\dfrac{d _1}{d _2}=0.4$

$\begin{array} { l } { \text { Energy required to dissociate } 4 \mathrm { g } \text { of gaseous } } \ { \text { hydrogen into free gaseous atoms is } 208 \mathrm { Kcal {at}  }  } \ {  25 ^ { \circ } \mathrm { C } \text { . The bond energy of } \mathrm { H } - \mathrm { H } \text { bond will be : } } \end{array}$ .

  1. $1.04Kcal$

  2. $10.4Kcal$

  3. $104Kcal$

  4. $1040Kcal$


Correct Option: C
Explanation:
Given heat of atmosphere $40=260\ Kcal$
$2H _{2} \rightarrow 4H$
$\triangle H = 208\ Kcal$
$20 \rightarrow 1\ mole$
$40 \rightarrow 2 \ mole$
$Hene \ 2 H-H$ bonds area brown $bg $
$20\ kcal $ energy so in order to break $1\ H-H$ bound we required $\dfrac{208}{2}= 104\ Kcal$
Hence the bond energy of $H-H$ bound will be $=104\ kcal$

Which of the following statements is correct?

  1. Air escaping from a punctured tyre feels cold

  2. When a gas under high pressure is permitted to expand into a region of low pressure, it gains in temperature

  3. The reading on a thermometer immersed in boiling water varies as the heat increases or decreases above the boiling point

  4. None of the above statements is correct


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Option (A) is correct. 

Reason - The air is contained at high pressure in the tube. When it escapes through a small hole, it suddenly expands. A large amount of heat is absorbed in the process of expansion resulting in considerable fall in its temperature. This is why the escaping air feels cold.

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