0

Red and white muscle - class-XI

Description: red and white muscle
Number of Questions: 19
Created by:
Tags: zoology musculo-skeletal system biology locomotion and movements
Attempted 0/19 Correct 0 Score 0

Myoglobin occurs in

  1. White muscle fibres

  2. Red muscle fibres

  3. Involuntary muscles

  4. All of the above


Correct Option: B
Explanation:
  • Muscle is a  bundle of fibrous tissue in a body that has the ability to contract, producing movement in or maintaining the position of parts of the body.
  • The total number of muscles in the human body comes in the range of 640-850.
  • Muscles appear in red color due to a pigment called myoglobin. It receives oxygen from the red blood cells and transports it to the mitochondria of muscle cells, where the oxygen is used in cellular respiration to produce energy. Hence myoglobin occurs in red muscle fibers. So, the correct answer is 'Red muscle fibers'.

Collagen fibres are ____________.

  1. White

  2. Yellow

  3. Pale

  4. Brown


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

  • Collagen is a type of protein fibre found abundantly throughout our body.
  •  It provides strength and protects many different areas of the body, including the skin.
  •  These White fibres, made up of collagen are white and shining which are strong, non-elastic and tough. 
  • More specifically, collagen is found in our various types of connective tissues such as cartilage, tendons, bones, and ligaments. Hence, collagen fibres are white.
So, the correct answer is 'white'.

Red muscles have abundant

  1. Lactic acid and acetic acid

  2. Glucose and haemoglobin

  3. Relaxin and myosin

  4. Myoglobin and cytochrome

  5. None of the above


Correct Option: D
Explanation:
  • Muscle is a  bundle of fibrous tissue in a body that has the ability to contract, producing movement in or maintaining the position of parts of the body.
  • Muscles appear in red color due to a pigment called myoglobin. Myoglobin receives oxygen from the red blood cells and transports it to the mitochondria of muscle cells, where the oxygen is used in cellular respiration to produce energy.
  • Cytochrome is a protein associated with the inner membrane of mitochondria. As the number of mitochondria is abundant in red fibers thus represents the abundance of cytochrome in red muscles. 
  • Hence red muscles are rich in myoglobin and cytochrome.
  • So, the correct answer is 'Myoglobin and cytochrome'.

Mitochondria are more in

  1. Striated muscles

  2. Cardiac muscles

  3. Smooth muscles

  4. All of the above


Correct Option: B
Explanation:
  • Cardiac muscles are the muscles of the heart. They have striated appearance and are involuntary in nature.
  • Each heart cell has about 5000 mitochondria i.e far more mitochondria than any other organ in the body!
  • Mitochondria are more in cardiac muscles because the constantly-beating heart works harder than any other organ in your body and thus requires more amount of energy.
  • So, the correct answer is 'Cardiac muscles.

Sarcolemma is the outer membrane of ______________.

  1. Muscle fibre

  2. Cartilage

  3. Nerve fibre

  4. Collagen fibre


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

  • Sarcolemma is the cell membrane of a striated muscle fiber cell.
  •  It is the outer layer of a striated muscle fibre
  •  It consists of a lipid bilayer and a thin outer coat of polysaccharide material (glycocalyx) that contacts the basement membrane. Hence, Sarcolemma is the outer membrane of muscle fibre.
So, the correct answer is 'muscle fibre'.

The white fibers are chemically composed of ______

  1. Myosin

  2. Elastin

  3. Collagen

  4. Actin


Correct Option: C
Explanation:
  • White fibers appear white in color because They have lower myoglobin and therefore lower oxygen content, which is why they do not appear reddish.
  • White fibers are made up of collagen whereas yellow fibers are made up of elastin.
  • The function of white fibrous tissue is to connect structures of the body together while providing support and shock absorption to the structures. For Example, ligaments, and tendons.
  • Hence The white fibers are chemically composed of Collagen.
  • So, the correct answer is 'Collagen'.

Major Protein in the thick filament of skeletal muscle fibre is

  1. Tropomyosin

  2. Myosin

  3. Actin

  4. Troponin


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Myosin filaments are thicker and confined to the A- bands only. They are composed of myosin protein.

The flight muscles in an eagle has more of aerobic muscles. These muscles are also called red muscles because they are rich in

  1. Haemoglobin

  2. Sarcoplasmic reticulum

  3. Myoglobin

  4. Globin


Correct Option: C
Explanation:
  • Muscle is a  bundle of fibrous tissue in a body that has the ability to contract, producing movement in or maintaining the position of parts of the body.
  • Muscles appear in red colour due to a pigment called myoglobin. It receives oxygen from the red blood cells and transports it to the mitochondria of muscle cells, where the oxygen is used in cellular respiration to produce energy. Hence they are also called aerobic muscles.
  • Hence the flight muscles in an eagle have more of aerobic muscles. These muscles are also called red muscles because they are rich in myoglobin.
  • So,the correct answer is 'Myoglobin'.

The striated appearance of a myofibril is due to the distribution pattern of 

  1. Actin and myosin.

  2. Fascides.

  3. Troponin.

  4. Meromyosin.


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The myofibril appears striated as they are composed of actin and myosin filaments, repeated in units called sarcomere, which is the basic functional unit of the muscle fiber. The sarcomere is responsible for the striated appearance of muscle.The actin is thin filament and myosin is thick filaments.

A muscle fascicle is a bundle of skeletal muscle fibers surrounded by perimysium.
Troponin is a globular protein complex involved in muscle contraction.It occurs with tropomyosin in the thin filament of muscle fiber.
Meromyosin are subunits of myosin, the thick filament.
Hence, the correct answer is option A.

Red muscle fibres are rich in

  1. Golgi bodies

  2. Mitochondria

  3. Lysosomes

  4. Ribosomes


Correct Option: B
Explanation:
  • Muscle is a  bundle of fibrous tissue in a body that has the ability to contract, producing movement in or maintaining the position of parts of the body.
  • The total number of muscles in the human body comes in the range of 640-850.
  • Red muscle fibers are rich in mitochondria. The muscle cells are red due to the presence of a protein called myoglobin. The myoglobin provides the oxygen to the mitochondria which in turn generate ATP. Hence red muscle fibers are rich in mitochondria.
  • So, the correct answer is 'Mitochondria'.

An individual muscle fiber is wrapped by

  1. Sarcomeres

  2. Endomysium

  3. Perimysium

  4. Epimysium


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

The outer connection tissue covering of a muscle is the epimysium. Within muscle, there are subdivisions called fascicles. The perimysium surrounds these muscle fascicles. The endomysium is the covering around an individual muscle fibre.

So, the correct option is 'Endomysium'.

For the given statements X and Y which option is the correct option. Statement X - Red muscle are also called aerobic muscle.
Statement Y - Red muscle possesses large amount of mitochondria which can utilise large amount of oxygen stored in them for ATP production.

  1. Statement X is correct and T is incorrect

  2. Statements X and Y are correct and statement Y is incorrect explanation of

  3. Statement X is incorrect and Y is correct.

  4. Statements X and Y are correct and statement Y is correct explanation for 'X'.


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

The muscle that is dense with capillaries and is rich in mitochondria and myoglobin has a characteristic red color. Hence the name red muscle.  mitochondria which can utilize a large amount of oxygen stored in them for ATP production. Thus the correct answer is option D.

Identify the wrong statement regarding white muscles

  1. Have more blood capillaries than red muscle fibres

  2. Have less blood capillaries than red muscle fibres

  3. Have less number of mitochondria than red muscle fibres

  4. Have more sarcoplasmic reticulum than red muscle fibres


Correct Option: A
Explanation:
  • Red Muscle Fibre: These muscle fibres are dark red which is due to the presence of red haemoprotein called myoglobin.
  •  Myoglobin binds and stores oxygen as ooxymyoglobinin the red fibres.
  • Oxymyogiobin releases oxygen for utilization during muscle contraction. Hence, white muscles have more blood capillaries than red muscle fibre is  the wrong statement regarding white muscles.
  So, the correct answer is 'Have more blood capillaries than red muscle fibres'/

Which of the following is correct statement for white muscle fibre?

  1. It contains low amount of haemoglobin and mitochondria.

  2. It contains higher amount of myoglobin.

  3. It contains low amount of myoglobin and mitochondria.

  4. It possesses only actin type of protein.


Correct Option: C
Explanation:
  • Muscle is a  bundle of fibrous tissue in a body that has the ability to contract, producing movement in or maintaining the position of parts of the body.
  • The total number of muscles in the human body comes in the range of 640-850.
  • Muscles appear in red colour due to a pigment called myoglobin. It receives oxygen from the red blood cells and transports it to the mitochondria of muscle cells, where the oxygen is used in cellular respiration to produce energy. 
  • Muscle fibres are named as white muscle fibres because It contains a low amount of myoglobin and mitochondria.compared to red muscle fibres.
  • So, the correct answer is 'It contains a low amount of myoglobin and mitochondria'.

The slow twitch muscle fibres which are rich in myoglobins and have abundant mitochondria are:

  1. white skeletal muscles

  2. cardiac muscles

  3. red skeletal muscles

  4. involuntary muscles


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The slow twitch muscle fibres which are rich in myoglobins and have abundant mitochondria are 'white skeletal muscles'.

Identify from the following list, the characteristics of red muscles (A) and white muscles (B) and select the option that correctly segregates the characters.
(i) Less number of mitochondria
(ii) More number of mitochondria
(iii) Sarcoplasmic reticulum is abundant
(iv) Myoglobin content high
(v) Sarcoplamic reticulum moderate
(vi) Aerobic muscles
(vii) Depend on anaerobic respiration. for energy
(viii) Less myoglobin content 

  1. (i), (iii), (vii), (viii) (ii), (iv), (v), (vi)

  2. (ii), (iv),(vi), (v),(i), (vii), (viii),(iii)

  3. (i), (iii), (iv), (vii) (ii), (v), (vi), (viii)

  4. (ii), (v), (vi), (viii) (i), (iii), (iv), (vii)


Correct Option: B

Match the following and mark correct option:

Column I Column II
A. Fast muscle fibres (i) Myoglobin
B. Slow muscle fibres (ii) Lactic acid
C. Actin filament (iii) Contractile unit
D. Sarcomere (iv) I-band 
  1. A-(i), B-(ii), C- (iv), D- (iii)

  2. A-(ii), B-(i), C - (iii), D- (iv)

  3. A-(ii), B-(i), C - (iv), D- (iii)

  4. A-(iii), B-(ii), C - (iv), D- (i)


Correct Option: C
Explanation:
The sarcomere is known as the ultimate unit of contraction. It is made up of actin and myosin filament.
Actin filaments are the ones that are also known as the thin filament and forms the isotropic part in the sarcomere.
Few fast muscle fibres are the ones that are present in the type of runners that runs for a short amount of time. They have high glycogen content and lactic acid contained in them because of anaerobic respiration and muscle fatigue.
Slow muscle fibre is found in those runners that need to have long and sturdy run. They have a high number of mitochondria and myoglobin because they need continuous ATP production or a large amount of time.
So, the correct option is 'A-(ii), B-(i), C - (iv), D- (iii)'



Which of the following correctly characterises a "fast-oxidative" type of skeletal muscle fibre?

  1. Few mitochondria and high glycogen content

  2. Low myosin ATPase rate and few surrounding capillaries

  3. Low glycolytic enzyme activity and intermediate contraction velocity

  4. High myoglobin content and intermediate glycolytic enzyme activity


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Fast oxidative type of muscle fibres is generally found in the sprinters that need to run for a short amount of time. They do not need to have a very large number of mitochondria for continuous ATP production but they do need to have speed. So in such muscle fibres, there is a high glycogen content which is converting into lactic acid rapidly and fatigue is caused more early.

So, the correct option is 'Few mitochondria and high glycogen content'

Which of the following match is incorrect?

  1. Red muscle - Large amount of mitochondria

  2. White muscle - Fight muscles of the birds

  3. Smooth muscle - Innervated by autonomous nervous system

  4. Cardiac muscle - Abundant blood supply


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Red muscles contain a large amount of mitochondria as it requires large amount of energy. White muscles contain fewer mitochondria. Pectoralis major is the flight muscles of the birds. It helps birds to flight. It is a red muscle. The autonomic nervous system is involuntary. It controls cardiac and smooth muscles, glands and blood vessels. Cardiac muscle has abundant blood supply. It extracts approximately 75% of the oxygen from blood in the left ventricle. 

Thus, the correct answer is 'White muscle - Fight muscles of the birds.'

- Hide questions