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Child Development Test - 3

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If positive reinforcement is not given within a short time following the response, learning will proceed slowly. This phenomenon is called

  1. delay of reinforcement

  2. extinction

  3. conditioned response

  4. consistency


Correct Option: A

Reinforcers that are innately reinforcing, such as food, water and warmth are called

  1. primary reinforcers

  2. secondary reinforcers

  3. extinguished reinforcers

  4. superstitious reinforcers


Correct Option: A

Of the following, who is associated with the Gestalt school of psychology?

  1. Ivan Pavlov

  2. B. F. Skinner

  3. Max Wertheimer

  4. John Watson


Correct Option: C

Of the following, who is a humanistic psychologist?

  1. Sigmund Freud

  2. Abraham Maslow

  3. B. F. Skinner

  4. John Watson


Correct Option: B

In bright light, the iris __________ and the pupil __________ to control the amount of light entering the eye.

  1. expands, constricts

  2. constricts, expands

  3. focuses, constricts

  4. constricts, focuses


Correct Option: A

Information picked up by the body's receptor cells is termed as

  1. cognition

  2. perception

  3. adaptation

  4. sensation


Correct Option: D

Salespeople who are paid exclusively by commission are reinforced on which type of schedule?

  1. Fixed ratio

  2. Fixed interval

  3. Variable ratio

  4. Variable interval


Correct Option: C

Freud's theory was based on the belief that neuroses were caused by

  1. repressed memories, motives and conflicts

  2. learned maladaptive behaviours

  3. negative self-regard

  4. destructive interpersonal relationships


Correct Option: A

In psychoanalysis, patients avoid talking about certain subjects. This is called

  1. avoidance

  2. transference

  3. analysis

  4. resistance


Correct Option: D

Nell tastes her food and then salts it. You assume that the food needs salt. Therefore, you attribute her actions to a(n)

  1. internal cause

  2. external cause

  3. setting

  4. situational demand


Correct Option: B

A __________ group is a group based on social comparison.

  1. focus

  2. personal identification

  3. reference

  4. comparison


Correct Option: C

During research in a simulated prison situation,

  1. three prisoners were so severely beaten that they had to hospitalized

  2. guards did not take their roles seriously

  3. prisoners quickly became passive and dehumanized

  4. the prisoners and the guards quickly became friendly towards one another


Correct Option: C

The part of the nerve cell, specialized for conducting information is the

  1. axon

  2. cell body

  3. soma

  4. neurilemma


Correct Option: A

In Pavlov's experiments with dogs, salivation was the

  1. conditioned response

  2. unconditioned stimulus

  3. conditioned stimulus

  4. unconditioned response


Correct Option: D

In classical conditioning, learning is evident when a

  1. stimulus automatically produces a response without a prior history of experience

  2. stimulus which did not initially produce a response now elicits that response

  3. spontaneously emitted response increases in frequency as a result of its consequences

  4. subject repeats an action he or she has observed in another and is praised for it


Correct Option: B

If you have a snake phobia because once you heard a loud noise while looking at a snake, for you snake is a(n)

  1. US

  2. CS

  3. UR

  4. CR


Correct Option: B

Punishment is the most effective in suppressing behaviour when it is

  1. immediate, consistent and intense

  2. delayed, consistent and mild

  3. immediate, consistent and mild

  4. delayed, inconsistent and intense


Correct Option: A

If Jane's intelligence quotient is 100, we know that she has a

  1. perfect score on a set of age-related tests

  2. test performance superior to 90% of the other children with the same age who took the test

  3. mental age typical of children who have the same chronological age

  4. mental age below than the children with the same chronological age


Correct Option: C

__________ intelligence tests assess a wide variety of mental abilities.

  1. IQ

  2. Special

  3. Multiple

  4. General


Correct Option: D

Standardization includes formalizing testing procedures and establishing

  1. goals

  2. plans

  3. norms

  4. forms


Correct Option: C

Which form of retardation can be controlled by a special diet?

  1. microcephaly

  2. hydrocephaly

  3. PKU

  4. down syndrome


Correct Option: C

IQ may be defined as

  1. MA/CA $\times$ 100

  2. CA/MA $\times$ 100

  3. MA/100 $\times$ CA

  4. MA $\times$ CA $\times$ 100


Correct Option: A

The products of naturalistic observation are best described in terms of

  1. explanation

  2. theory

  3. prediction

  4. description


Correct Option: D

In an experiment to find out if taking ginseng increases IQ scores, the IQ scores would be

  1. the independent variable

  2. a control variable

  3. an extraneous variable

  4. the dependent variable


Correct Option: D

The most obvious difference between the human brain and the brain of a carp would be in the

  1. hypothalamus

  2. thalamus

  3. cerebellum

  4. cerebral cortex


Correct Option: D
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