A rigid bar is suspended by three rods made of the same material as shown in the figure. The area and length of the central rod are 3A and L respectively, while that of the two outer rods are 2A and 2L respectively. If a downward force of 50 kN is applied to the rigid bar, the forces in the central and each of the outer rods will be

The maximum and minimum shear stresses in a hollow circular shaft of outer diameter 20 mm and thickness 2 mm, subjected to a torque of 92.7 Nm will be

The shear stress at the neutral axis in a beam of triangular section with a base of 40 mm and height of 20 mm, subjected to a shear force of 3 kN is

A metal bar of length 100 mm is inserted between two rigid supports and its temperature is increased by 10°C. If the coefficient of thermal expansion is 12 ^_x 10^–6 per °C and the Young’s modulus is 2 ^_x 10⁵ MPa, the stress in the bar is

The right triangular truss is made of members having equal cross-sectional area of 1550 mm² and Young’s modulus of 2 _^x 10⁵ MPa. The horizontal deflection of the joint Q is

The influence line diagram (ILD) shown is for the member

A two span continuous beam having equal spans each of length L is subjected to a uniformly distributed load ^_$\omega$ per unit length. The beam has constant flexural rigidity.

The reaction at the middle support is

The span(s) to be loaded uniformly for maximum positive (upward) reaction at support P, as shown in the figure below, is (are)

A vertical PQ of length L is fixed at its top end P and has a flange to the bottom end Q. A weight W is dropped vertically from a height h (<L) on to the flange. The axial stress in the rod can be reduced by

The members EJ and IJ of a steel truss (shown in the figure below) are subjected to a temperature rise of 30^oC. The coefficient of thermal expansion of steel is 0.000012 per ^oC per unit length. The displacement (mm) of joint E relative to joint H along the direction HE of the truss is

Beam GHI is supported by the pontoons as shown in the figure below. The horizontal cross sectional area of each pontoon is 8 m², the flexural rigidity of the beam is 10000 kN-m² and the unit weight of water is 10 kN-m³.

When the middle pontoon is removed, the deflection at H will be

The degree of static indeterminacy of the rigid frame having two internal hinges as shown in the figure below, is

The unit load method used in structural analysis is

For linear elastic systems, the type of displacement function for the strain energy is

For a linear elastic structural system, minimization of potential energy yields

Muller Breslau principle in structural analysis is used for

A curved member with a straight vertical leg is carrying a vertical load at Z, as shown in the figure. The stress resultant(s) in the XY segment is/are

A bar of varying square cross section is loaded symmetrically as shown in the figure. Loads shown are placed on one of the axes of symmetry of cross-section. Ignoring self weight, the maximum tensile stress in N/mm² anywhere is

The stiffness K of a beam deflecting in a symmetric mode, as shown in the figure, is

The symmetry of stress tensor at a point in the body under equilibrium is obtained from