• Matter in Our Surroundings - II
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Matter in Our Surroundings - II

Description: Matter in our Surroundings - II
Number of Questions: 15
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Tags: Matter in our Surroundings - II Chemical Properties of Metals and Non-metals Properties of Non-metals - Chemical Definitions: Metals, Non-metals and Metalloids Metals and Non-metals Change in State and Effect of Temperature and Pressure Particle Model of Matter Different States of Matter Evaporation
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In an experiment, when we dissolve salt in water, the particles of salt get completely dissolved in water. What does this experiment infer?

  1. Particles of matter have spaces in between them

  2. Particles of matter are not continuously moving

  3. Particles of matter always repel each other

  4. Matter is composed of small dissolvable substances

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Matter is made up of particles. When we dissolve salt in water, the particles of salt get into the spaces between the particles of water.

Rita has mixed 5 g of sugar in 20 ml of water and Rashid has added 5 g more in the same sugar solution. The sugar does not mix into the solution as it becomes saturated. At which of the following temperatures would you be able to mix maximum sugar into this solution?

    • 4oC

  2. 0oC

  3. 15oC

  4. 60oC

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

The rate of dissolution of any solution increases with increase in temperature.

A ship is able to cut the stream of sea water. Which among the following properties is responsible for this observation?

  1. Matter is made up of particles.

  2. Particles of matter are continuously moving.

  3. Particles of matter attract one another.

  4. Particles of matter have spaces between them.

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Particles of matter, (i.e. water) are composed of spaces. That is why a ship is able to cut the stream of sea water.

Shweta has opened a water tap and is trying to break the stream of water with her fingers. Why is she unable to cut the stream of water?

  1. Because matter is made up of particles

  2. Because particles of matter are continuously moving

  3. Because particles of matter attract each other

  4. Because particles of matter have small spaces between them

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

The above activity suggests that particles of matter have force acting between them. This force keeps the particles together.

Fragrance of perfume spreads into the room. What is the intermixing of particles of two different types of matter on their own called?

  1. Osmosis

  2. Diffusion

  3. Dissolution

  4. Solubility

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

The intermixing of particles of two different types of matter on their own is called diffusion.

Consider the following matters and arrange them in ascending order on the basis of the spaces present among their particles. Cream, pencil, chalk, milk, air and copper vessel

  1. Cream, pencil, chalk, milk, air and copper vessel

  2. Copper vessel, pencil, chalk, cream, milk and air

  3. Pencil, chalk, milk, air, copper vessel and cream

  4. Chalk, milk, air, copper vessel, cream and pencil

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Copper vessel, pencil, chalk, cream, milk and air

Arrange the following on the basis of their rates of diffusion in decreasing order and choose the correct option from the alternatives given below. Water, oil, saturated sugar solution, oxygen and chalk

  1. Water, oil, saturated sugar solution, oxygen and chalk

  2. Oil, saturated sugar solution, water, chalk and oxygen

  3. Oxygen, water, oil, saturated sugar solution and chalk

  4. Saturated sugar solution, chalk, water, oil and oxygen

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

The rate of diffusion of gases is higher than liquids whose rate of diffusion is higher than that of solids. This is due to the fact that in gaseous and liquid states, particles move freely and have greater space between them as compared to particles in solid state.

Parul puts 2 kg of sugar in a glass jar and the jar is completely filled. Which among the following properties of solids (sugar crystals) is incorrect?

  1. They occupy the shape of the container.

  2. They possess a strong inter-particle force of attraction among their particles.

  3. They have least spaces present among their particles.

  4. Their particles have negligible kinetic energy.

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The shape of each individual sugar or salt crystal remains fixed.

A large volume of a gas can be compressed into a small cylinder and transported easily. Which among the following characteristics justifies the statement?

  1. Large intermolecular spaces

  2. Strong intermolecular force of attraction

  3. Low kinetic energy

  4. Tightly packed particles

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The particles of gases possess large intermolecular spaces. That is why a large volume of a gas can be compressed into a small cylinder and transported easily.

A sponge can be compressed easily whereas an iron rod cannot. Which among the following is the possible reason for this?

  1. Particles are tightly packed in iron rods whereas loosely packed in sponge.

  2. Particles of sponge possess weak intermolecular force of attraction whereas that of iron rod possess strong force.

  3. A sponge has minute holes in which air is trapped whereas no such holes are present in an iron rod.

  4. A sponge possesses the property of elasticity whereas an iron rod does not.

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

A sponge has minute holes in which air is trapped. When we press it, the air is expelled out and we are able to compress it.

Which among the following justifies that a gas exerts pressure on the walls of the container?

  1. The particles have a weak force of attraction.

  2. The particles are continuously moving.

  3. The particles have negligible space between them.

  4. The particles have strong bonds of attraction.

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

In gaseous state, the particles move about randomly at high speed. Due to this random movement, the particles hit each other and also the walls of the container. The pressure exerted by the gas is because of this force exerted by the gas particles per unit area on the walls of the container.

If the melting point of a substance is 6oC, what will be its value in kelvin (K)?

  1. 279 K

  2. 267 K

  3. 373 K

  4. 45.5 K

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

0oC = 273 K 6oC = 273 K + 6 K = 279 K

While boiling a liquid, Siya noticed that the temperature remains constant during the change of state. What is the possible reason for this?

  1. The extra heat is used to break the bonds among the particles.

  2. The extra energy is used by the container.

  3. The extra energy is lost in the atmosphere.

  4. The extra energy is used to decrease the kinetic energy among the particles.

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

For any substance, the temperature remains constant during the change of state as the extra heat is absorbed by the particles to break the bonds between them.

Why do you feel a cooling effect when you sprinkle water on the ground after a hot sunny day?

  1. Because of latent heat of fusion

  2. Because of latent heat of vapourisation

  3. Because of latent heat of condensation

  4. Because of latent heat of precipitation

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

After a hot sunny day, people sprinkle water on the roof or open ground because the large latent heat of vaporisation of water helps to cool the hot surface. 

What would happen if a solid substance is heated for a while?

  1. Kinetic energy among the particles will decrease.

  2. The particles will show vibratory motion.

  3. The intermolecular bonds among the particles will get strengthened.

  4. The forces of attraction among the particles will increase.

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

On increasing the temperature of solids, the kinetic energy of the particles increases. Due to the increase in kinetic energy, the particles start vibrating with greater speed. The energy supplied by heat overcomes the forces of attraction between the particles. The particles leave their fixed positions and start moving more freely. A stage is reached when the solid melts and is converted into a liquid.

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