• Structure of the Atom (Set - III)
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Structure of the Atom (Set - III)

Description: Structure of the Atom Set - III
Number of Questions: 12
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Tags: Structure of the Atom Rutherford Experiment Thomson-s Model of Atom Charged Particles Isotopes and Isobars Charged Particles that Constitute an Atom Thomson`s Model of Atom Rutherford`s Model of an Atom Bohr`s Model of an Atom Writing Electronic Configuration and Valence Electrons Atomic Mass and Atomic Number
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Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of cathode ray?

  1. It consists of charged particles.

  2. It always travels in a straight line.

  3. It moves towards cathode.

  4. It has mass.

  5. It originates from cathode plate.

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Cathode rays consist of negatively charged particles and they move towards the positively charged electrode (anode).

Which of the following statements is incorrect?

  1. Magnitude of charge in canal rays may vary.

  2. Magnitude of charge in cathode rays does not vary.

  3. Mass of the particles in canal rays may vary.

  4. Mass of the particles in cathode rays may vary.

  5. Canal rays possess positive charge.

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Cathode rays are made up of electrons and the mass of an electron is fixed. Therefore, the mass of the particles of the cathode rays is fixed, irrespective of the nature of the gas in the cathode ray tube.

Which of the following limitations in Rutherford's model of atom leads to its failure?

  1. Inability to calculate size of nucleus

  2. Inability to find charge on nucleus

  3. Inability to determine radius of atom

  4. Inability to explain stability of atom

  5. Inability to determine distribution of charges in atom

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Rutherford's model stated that electrons revolve around the nucleus in well defined orbits. According to this, the atom should have been unstable. An electron being charged particle in accelerated motion would radiate energy and would collapse onto the nucleus within a very small fraction of time owing to the electrostatic pull of the nucleus. It could not explain the stability of an atom.

Which of the following elements tend to have their atomic masses in decimals?

  1. Elements having different isotopes

  2. Elements having different isobars

  3. Elements with variable valencies

  4. Elements with tendency to form cations

  5. Elements with tendency to form anions

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

For an element that exists as isotope, the mass of the element is calculated as the weighted average of all naturally occurring isotopes of that element. The average mass is calculated in decimals.

An element contains four shells K, L, M and N in its atoms. What is the maximum number of electrons that can be accommodated in the 'N' shell?

  1. 2

  2. 8

  3. 18

  4. 32

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

N shell is the valence shell. Outermost shell or valence shell can accommodate up to 8 electrons irrespective of the number of electrons that could have been accommodated according to the formula 2n2.

Which of the following was proved by Rutherford’s alpha particle scattering experiment?

  1. Presence of negative charge on electrons

  2. Presence of positive charge in the nucleus of an atom

  3. Presence of neutrons and protons in the nucleus

  4. Presence of electrons in an atom

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Rutherford’s alpha scattering experiment lead to the discovery of the nucleus and that all positive charge of an atom is concentrated in the nucleus.

Which of the following statements was included in Thomson's model of an atom?

  1. Nuclear arrangement in atom

  2. Neutrality of an atom

  3. Presence of neutron

  4. Nuclear size compared to atom

  5. Revolution of electrons around nucleus

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Thomson's model explained that an atom is electrically neutral as the number of protons and electrons in an atom are equal and the charge on an electron is equal in magnitude but opposite in nature to the charge on a proton.

Which of the following sub-atomic particles are responsible for generating anions or cations?

  1. Nucleons

  2. Protons

  3. Electrons

  4. Neutrons

  5. Protons and electrons

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Ions are generated by transfer of electrons. Cations are positively charged ions formed by the loss of electrons from atoms and anions are negatively charged ions formed when an atom gains electrons.

If valence electrons of Al and O are 3 and 6 respectively, which of the following compounds will be formed by reaction of aluminium and oxygen?

  1. AlO2

  2. Al2O3

  3. Al3O6

  4. Al6O3

  5. Al2O

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Valency of Al is 3 and that of O is 2. The formula of compound formed is given by reversing the valencies of elements.

Almost the entire mass of an atom is in the nucleus. Which of the following are present in the nucleus?

  1. Electrons

  2. Electrons and protons

  3. Protons

  4. Protons and neutrons

  5. Neutrons

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

This is the correct option. Protons as well as neutrons are present in the nucleus of an atom.

In context to the model for the structure of an atom given by Neil Bohr in 1913, which of the following statements is not correct?

  1. There are three sub-atomic particles: electrons, protons and neutrons.

  2. There is no limit to the number of electrons which any energy level can hold.

  3. Protons and neutrons are located in a small nucleus at the centre of the atom.

  4. Electrons revolve rapidly round the nucleus in fixed circular paths called shells.

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

This statement is incorrect as Neil Bohr's model clearly postulates the maximum number of electrons that can be accommodated in any shell by the formula 2n2.

Which of the following statements is/are false? 

(a) If an element combines with another element by the loss or gain of electrons to form electrovalent compounds, its valency is known as electrovalency.

(b) The number of neutrons in one atom of an element is known as the atomic number of the element. 

(c) Electron arrangement of noble gases is very stable that they do not allow their outermost electrons to take part in chemical reactions.

  1. Only (a)

  2. Only (a) and (b)

  3. Only (b)

  4. Only (b) and (c)

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

This is the correct option as this statement is false. The number of protons in one atom of an element is known as the atomic number of the element.

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