Aminoglycosides bind to bacterial 30S ribosomal unit inhibiting the translocation of the peptidyl-tRNA from the A-site to the P-site and also causing misreading of mRNA, leaving the bacterium unable to synthesise proteins vital to its growth.

Spectinomycin is useful for the treatment of gonorrhoea infections. It is given as an injection.

Geldanamycin was originally discovered in the organism Streptomyces hygroscopicus.

Cefadroxil is administered orally. It is completely absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and gets distributed to the tissues.

Eubacterium lentum is an anaerobe which is inhibited by Ertapenem.

Both A and B are correct and B is the proper explanation of A. Cefuroxime is active against Haemophilus influenzae, N. gonorrhoeae and Lyme disease because it is less susceptible to beta lactamases that are produced by these bacteria.

Cefoperazone is formulated with Sulbactam to increase its effectiveness against beta-lactamase producing organisms. Sulbactam is a β-lactamase inhibitor. It binds to the enzyme and does not allow it to degrade the antibiotic.

Cefoperazone and Ceftazidime are active against Pseudomonas.

Vancomycin is made by Amycolatopsis orientalis. Amycolatopsis is a genus of high GC-content bacteria.

Clindamycin is used as the first-line drug of choice for Capnocytophaga canimorsus. This is a zoonotic pathogen that causes infections from feline and canine bite wounds.

This is the correct answer. Daptomycin disrupts multiple aspects of bacterial cell membrane function. It inserts into the cell membrane and alters the curvature of the membrane, which creates holes that leak ions. This causes rapid depolarisation that results in a loss of membrane potential leading to inhibition of protein, DNA and RNA synthesis. This results in bacterial cell death.

Telithromycin is used to treat community acquired pneumonia of mild to moderate severity. It prevents bacteria from growing, by interfering with their protein synthesis.

Aztreonam is a synthetic drug that is based on a simple monobactam isolated from Chromobacterium violaceum. It is used to treat infections caused by Gram-negative bacteria.

Pyrazinamide is used in conjunction with rifampin for latent tuberculosis. It is a bacteriostatic drug and arrests the growth of Mycobacteria.

This is the correct match. Infection caused by Bacteroides fragilis is treated by Metronidazole. Infection caused by Bordetella pertussis is treated by Erythromycin. Infection caused by Francisella tularensis is treated by gentamicin. Isoniazid is used for Mycobacterium tuberculosis treatment.