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Chemical Bonding

Description: gate
Number of Questions: 15
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Tags: GATE M.O. and V.B. Approaches for Diatomic Molecules VSEPR Theory and Shape of Molecules Periodic Table and Periodic Properties General Characteristics of 3d Elements s.p. and d Block Elements
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Which of the following statements about radioactive disintegration is not correct?

  1. Actinium series emits 6α and 4β particles.

  2. The end product of 4n+3 series is Pb-207.

  3. The end product of 4n+2 disintegration series is Pb-206.

  4. Neptunium series is artificial radioactive disintegration series.

  5. Starting element of 4n disintegration series is Th-232.

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

4n+3 disintegration series (Actinium series): Starting element - U-235 End product - Pb-207 Emits 7α and 4β particles Natural radioactive disintegration series

Which of the following sets of molecules are exceptions of octet rule?

  1. SF6, AlCl3, PCl5, CCl4

  2. SF6, PCl3, BCl3, NF3

  3. SF4, NH3, BeCl2, BCl3

  4. SF6, PCl5, BeCl2, BF3

  5. SF4, PCl3, NF3, BF3

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

BeCl2: 4 electron in valence shell of Be ( incomplete octet) BF3: 6 electrons is valence shell of B (incomplete octet) SF6: 12 electrons in valence shell of S (expanded octet). PCl5: 10 electrons in valence shell of P (expanded octet). All of the above are exceptions of octet rule.

Which of the following order of first ionization energy (IE1) is false?

  1. B > Al > Ga

  2. Li > Na > K

  3. C > Si > Ge

  4. Be > Mg > Ca

  5. C > Be > B

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Unlike expected order of first ionization enthalpies (IE1) i.e., B > Al > Ga, the actual order of IE1 is B > Ga > Al. Because of small atomic size and greater effective nuclear charge, the valence electrons of Ga are held more tightly than Al. Hence, IE1 of Ga is more than that of Al.

In which of the following ionizing processes, the magnetic moment has changed and the bond order has increased?

  1. H2→ H2+

  2. N2→ N2+

  3. O2→ O2+

  4. F2→ F2-

  5. C2→C2+

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

O2 (16 e-) : ϭ1s2 ϭ*1s2 ϭ2s2 ϭ*2s2 ϭ2pz2 π2px2 π2py2 π*2px1 π*2py1 Bond order = ½ (6 - 2) = 2, diamagnetic O2+ (15 e-) : ϭ1s2 ϭ*1s2 ϭ2s2 ϭ*2s2 ϭ2pz2 π2px2 π2py2 π*2px1 π*2py Bond order = ½ (6 - 1) = 2.5, paramagnetic Magnetic behaviour changes from diamagnetic to paramagnetic Bond order increased.

Which of the following matches is not correct?

  1. Baeyer’ reagent – dilute alkaline KMnO4

  2. Nesseler’s reagent – alkaline solution of K2HgI4

  3. Etard’s reagent – CrO2Cl2

  4. Barfoed’s reagent: Conc. HCl + anhydrous ZnCl2

  5. Fenton’s reagent: FeSO4 + H2O2

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Barfoed's reagent consists of a 0.33 molar solution of neutral copper acetate (Cu(CH3COO)2) in 1% acetic acid (CH3COOH) solution. Lucas' reagent is a solution of anhydrous zinc chloride (ZnCl2) in concentrated hydrochloric acid (HCl). Thus, this option is correct.  

Which of the following matches of ‘chemical formula - common name’ is incorrectly matched?

  1. Na2SO4•10H2O - Glauber’s salt

  2. AgNO3 - Lunar caustic

  3. CuSO4.5H2O - Green vitriol

  4. CuFeS2 - Fool’s gold

  5. Fe3C - Cementite

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Green vitriol: FeSO4.7H2O Blue Vitriol: CuSO4.5H2O Thus, this option is correct.

In compounds of type YCl3, where Y = B, N, P or As, the angles Cl-Y-Cl for different E are in the order of ________.

  1. AsCl3 > PCl3 > NCl3 > BCl3

  2. BCl3 > NCl3 > PCl3 > AsCl3

  3. BCl3 > AsCl3 > PCl3 > NCl3

  4. BCl3 > PCl3 > NCl3 > AsCl3

  5. AsCl3 > NCl3 > PCl3 > BCl3

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

BCl3: sp2 hybridization, trigonal planar shape, bond angle 120o NCl3 , PCl3 , AsCl3 : sp3 hybridization, trigonal pyramidal shape, bond angle < 109o 28’ and decreases from NCl3 to AsCl3 Hence correct order of Cl-Y-Cl bond angel is BCl3 > NCl3 > PCl3 > AsCl3

Which one of the following conversions involves change in both hybridization as well as shape?

  1. CH4 → CCl4

  2. H2O → H3O+

  3. PCl3 → PCl4+

  4. AlCl3 → AlCl4-

  5. NH3 → NH4+

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

AlCl3: sp2 hybridization, trigonal planar shape AlCl4-: sp3 hybridization, tetrahedral shape

Which of the following sets of molecules have a linear geometry?

  1. BeCl2, I3-, CO2, IF2-

  2. NO2-, SO2, CO2, IF2-

  3. CO2, SO2, H2O, OF2

  4. NO2-, H2O, SO2, I3-

  5. NH2-, I3-, CO2, IF2-

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

CO2, BeCl2, I3-, IF2- - All have linear geometry.

Which one of the following sets represents see-saw geometry?

  1. TeCl4, SF4, XeO2F2

  2. TeCl4, SF4, ICl4-

  3. TeCl4, CH4, XeF4

  4. TeCl4, SF4, CH4

  5. TeCl4, XeF4, XeO2F2

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

SF4, TeCl4, XeO2F2: All have see-saw geometry.

Which one of the following statements is/are not false?

  1. The dipole moment of CH3Cl is smaller than that of CH3F.

  2. H2O molecule is linear.

  3. All molecules with polar bonds have dipole moment.

  4. pi-bond is formed by the linear overlapping of p-orbitals.

  5. sp3 hybrid orbitals have equal s and p character.

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

F is more electronegative than Cl, so C-F bond is more polar than C-Cl bond. Thus, dipole moment of CH3F is expected to be greater than that of CH3Cl. But the bond length of the C-Cl bond is greater than the C-F bond and hence, the dipole moment of CH3F is smaller.

Which among the following sets of molecules represents the trigonal planar geometry?

  1. GaF3, NO3-, NH3, SO32-

  2. SO3, GaF3, BF3, IF3

  3. NH3, IF3, BF3, SO32-

  4. NO3-, NH3, SO3, IF3

  5. SO3, GaF3, BF3, NO3-

Show answer
Correct Option: E
Explanation:

BF3, SO3, GaF3, NO3-: All have trigonal planar geometry.

Match the column I with column II ||| |---|---| |Column I |Column II| |i. Insecticide|a. Naproxen| |ii. Analgesic|b. Hexachlorocyclohexane| |iii. Narcotics|c. Methyl Salicylate| |iv. Pain balm|d. Iodoform| |v. Antiseptics|e. Diethyl ether| |vi. Anaesthetic|f. Codine|

  1. i - b, ii - a, iii - f, iv - c, v - d, vi - e

  2. i - b, ii - f, iii - a, iv - e, v - d, vi - c

  3. i - c, ii - a, iii - f, iv - b, v - d, vi - e

  4. i - f, ii - a, iii - b, iv - c, v - e, vi - d

  5. i - f, ii - c, iii - e, iv - d, v - b, vi - a

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

This option is correct because all the items in List I are correctly matched with List II. Insecticide - Hexachlorocyclohexan Analgesic - Naproxen Narcotics - Codine Pain balm - Methyl Salicylate Antiseptics - Iodoform Anaesthetic - Diethyl ether

Which of the following matches is/are not correct?

  1. Order of stability: O2+ > O2 > O2- 2. Order of bond angle: H2S > NH3 > BF3 > SiH4 3. Order of dipole moment: NH3 > PH3 > AsH3 > SbH3 4. Order of covalent character: LiCl > NaCl > KCl > RbCl

  1. Only 1

  2. Only 2

  3. Only 3

  4. Both 1 and 3

  5. Both 2 and 4

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

H2S (bent with bond angle 98o) NH3 (pyramidal with bond angle 105o) SiH4 (tetrahedral with bond angle 109.5o) BF3 (trigonal planar with bond angle 120o) Correct order is BF3 > SiH4 > NH3 > H2S.

Assertion: All four C-H bonds in CH4 molecule do not possess the same bond energy. Reason: The bond dissociation energies are usually the average values.

Directions: In each of the questions given below, there are two statements labelled as Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Mark your answer as per the codes provided below:
A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
B. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
C. A is true but R is false.
D. A is false but R is true.
E. Both A and R are false.

  1. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

  2. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.

  3. A is true but R is false.

  4. A is false but R is true.

  5. Both A and R are false.

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

This option is correct because CH4 contains 4 identical C-H bonds and it seems reasonable that they should have the same (theoretically) bond energy but not same (practically) bond energy. However, if you took CH4 into pieces, one hydrogen at a time, it needs a different amount of energy to break each of the 4 C-H bonds. Every times you break hydrogen off a carbon, the environment of those left behind changes and the strength of the bond is affected by what else is around it. In this case, the bond energy is quoted as average values.

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