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11th Objective Biology - Tissues

Description: An objective test on animal tissues epithelial tissue it improves and checks the existing knowledge and persuades you to look for new things. Time 27 min with 1/4 negative marks for each wrong question and 1 mark for each correct answer.
Number of Questions: 30
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Tags: Medical Entrance Class XI Biology Class XI Zoology PMT AIPMT AFMC BHU MAHE JIPMER Epithelial Tissue Animal Tissue Circle
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Which of the following is the function of intestinal 'Brush border'?

  1. Secretion

  2. Absorption

  3. Receptive/ sensory

  4. All of these


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

A brush border (striated border or brush border membrane) is the microvilli-covered surface of simple cuboidal epithelium and simple columnar epithelium cells found in certain locations of the body. It increases absorption.

Which of the following intercellular junctions help to adhere epithelial cells to basement membrane?

  1. Hemidesmosomes

  2. Desmosomes

  3. Tight junctions

  4. All of these


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Hemidesmosomes are asymmetrical and are found in epithelial cells connecting the basal face of the cell to basal lamina.

Tonofibrils are associated with

  1. fibrils

  2. desmosomes

  3. tight junctions

  4. Both 2 & 3


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Tonofibrils, discovered by Rudolf Heidenhain and first described in detail by Louis-Antoine Ranvier are cytoplasmic protein structures in epithelial tissues that converge at desmosomes and hemidesmosomes.

Which of the following combinations of epithelium and example of the epithelium is not correct?

  1. Simple squamous epithelium :Terminal bronchioles

  2. Simple columnar epithelium : Goblet cells

  3. Cuboidal epithelium : DCT of nephrons

  4. None of these


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The terminal bronchioles initially have a ciliated columnar epithelium that soon transits to a low cuboidal epithelium.

Which of the following layers of a basement membrane is the thinnest?

  1. Basal lamina

  2. Reticular lamina

  3. Hyaline lamina

  4. Fibrous lamina


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The basal lamina is a layer of extracellular matrix secreted by the epithelial cells, on which the epithelium sits. It is the thinnest layer.

Pseudo stratified epithelium

  1. is made of similar type of cells

  2. has two or more distinct layers of cells

  3. is mostly ciliated and contains goblet cells

  4. is found in ureters, oviduct and neurocoel cavity of brain


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

A pseudostratified epithelium is a type of epithelium that, although comprising only a single layer of cells, has its cell nuclei positioned in a manner suggestive of stratified epithelia.

Which of the following layers of basement membrane is/are visible under electron microscope?

  1. Basal lamina

  2. Reticular lamina

  3. Fibrous lamina

  4. Both B & C


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Reticular and fibrous lamina are visible under electron microscope.

Endothelium of blood vessels and mesothelial lining of coelomic cavities can be classified under

  1. cuboidal epithelium

  2. glandular epithelium

  3. squamous epithelium

  4. pseudo stratified epithelium


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Endothelium of blood vessels and mesothelial lining of coelomic cavities can be classified under squamous epithelium.

Which of the following junctions are made by the fusion of cell coats of adjacent cells?

  1. Hemidesmosomes

  2. Desmosomes

  3. Tight junctions

  4. All of these


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Tight junction is a specialized connection of two adjacent animal cell membranes, such that the space usually lying between them, is absent.

The 'Brush Border' of intestines is an example of

  1. simple epithelium

  2. compound epithelium

  3. pseudo stratified epithelium

  4. glandular epithelium


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The 'Brush Border' of intestines is an example of simple epithelium.

What is the term given to single layered epithelia?

  1. Squamous epithelia

  2. Pseudo stratified epithelia

  3. Simple epithelia

  4. Compound ciliated epithelia


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

The term given to the single layered epithelia is simple epithelium.

Which of the following is not true about 'Basement membrane'?

  1. It contains muco polysaccharides and glycoproteins

  2. The primary function is to anchor down the epithelium to its loose connective tissue (the dermis) underneath

  3. It is one layered

  4. None of these


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

The basement membrane is a thin, fibrous, extracellular matrix of tissue that separates the epithelium (skin, respiratory tract, gastrointestinal tract, etc.), mesothelium (pleural cavity, peritoneal cavity, pericardial cavity, etc.) and endothelium (blood vessels, lymph vessels, etc.) from underlying connective tissue. It is bi-layered.

Epithelium of skin is an example of

  1. columnar epithelium

  2. simple squamous epithelium

  3. glandular epithelium

  4. compound epithelium


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Simple squamous epithelium is found in lining areas where passive diffusion of gases occur. For example, skin, walls of capillaries, linings of the pericardial, pleural and peritoneal cavities, as well as the linings of the alveoli of the lungs.

‘Pavement epithelium’ is a synonym used for

  1. squamous epithelium

  2. cuboidal epithelium

  3. columnar epithelium

  4. pseudo stratified epithelium


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Cells of simple squamous epithelium are flat with flattened/rounded nucleus. It is also called pavement epithelium due to its tile-like appearance.

Epithelial tissue originates from the

  1. mesoderm,endoderm and ectoderm

  2. ectoderm

  3. endoderm

  4. None of these


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Epithelial tissues are derived from all of the embryological germ layers from ectoderm (e.g., the epidermis); from endoderm (e.g., the lining of the gastrointestinal tract); from mesoderm (e.g., the inner linings of body cavities).

Epithelium of the Gut originates from

  1. ectoderm

  2. endoderm

  3. mesoderm

  4. All of these


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Epithelium of the gut originates from the endoderm.

The basement membrane

  1. is related with epithelium and endothelium

  2. is a bi-layered structure

  3. can be seen with electron microscope

  4. All of the above


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

The basement membrane is a thin, fibrous, extracellular matrix of tissue that separates the epithelium (skin, respiratory tract, gastrointestinal tract, etc.), mesothelium (pleural cavity, peritoneal cavity, pericardial cavity, etc.) and endothelium (blood vessels, lymph vessels, etc.) from underlying connective tissue . It is bi- layered.

Which of the following is found in upper respiratory tract and fallopian tubes?

  1. Squamous epithelium

  2. Glandular epithelium

  3. Columnar ciliated epithelium

  4. Cuboidal epithelium


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Ciliated columnar epithelium moves mucus and other substances via cilia and is found in the upper respiratory tract and the fallopian tubes.

Formation of tissues occur as a result of

  1. cell multiplication/division

  2. cell differentiation

  3. inactivation of specific genes

  4. All of these


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Cell multiplication and differentiation are the essential criteria for tissue formation. It also involves changes in the activation of certain genes for morphogenetic development.

Who is known to be the founder of the science that involves the study of animal tissues?

  1. Malpighi

  2. Bichat

  3. Linnaeus

  4. None of these


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Marcello Malpighi was an Italian biologist and physician, who is referred to as the "Father of microscopical anatomy, histology, physiology and embryology."

Specialized cells in a tissue

  1. are capable of differentiation

  2. are independent of other cell types

  3. exhibit division of labour

  4. None of these


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Specialized cells in a tissue are independent of other cell types in the tissue.

The branch involved in the study of animal tissues is called

  1. anthropology

  2. trichology

  3. ctelology

  4. histology


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

The branch involved in the study of animal tissues is called histology.

Which of the following is/are not true about epithelial tissues?

  1. They have rich blood and nerve supply

  2. They have the power to repair

  3. The cells of epithelial tissue are not separated by large intercellular spaces

  4. All of these


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Epithelial tissues are avascular.

All the cells of a tissue have

  1. similar structure

  2. similar function(s)

  3. similar origin

  4. All the above


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

In biology, tissue is a cellular organizational level intermediate between cells and a complete organ. A tissue is an ensemble of similar cells from the same origin that together carry out a specific function.

The term 'Tissue' was coined by

  1. Malpighi

  2. Bichat

  3. Linnaeus

  4. None of these


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

The term 'tissue' was coined by Bichat.

The hardest tissue in human body is the

  1. tooth enamel

  2. femur bone

  3. keratinized epithelium

  4. None of these


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The hardest tissue in the human body is tooth enamel. Tooth enamel is the thin, hard and white covering that protects the dentin of the teeth.

The intercellular substance in epithelial tissues is mainly composed of

  1. proteoglycans

  2. glycoproteins

  3. triglycerides

  4. lipoproteins


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Glycoproteins are proteins that contain oligosaccharide chains (glycans) covalently attached to polypeptide side-chains. The intercellular substance in epithelial tissues is mainly composed of glycoproteins.

The free surface of epithelial cells faces

  1. outside environment

  2. body cavity

  3. body fluid

  4. All of these


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The free surface of epithelial cells faces outside environment.

The epithelia of body cavities that are connected to the external environment protect themselves by

  1. microvilli present on the cells of topmost layer of the epithelia

  2. secreting large amount of mucus by numerous mucus-secreting cells

  3. secreting various antimicrobial compounds

  4. None of these


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

The epithelia of body cavities that are connected to the external environment protect themselves by secreting large amount of mucus by numerous mucus-secreting cells.

An epithelium consists of

  1. a single cell layer only

  2. multiple cell layers

  3. basement membrane only

  4. All of these


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

An epithelial membrane consists of a continuous sheet of cells, one or more layers thick, which is attached to the underlying connective tissue by a basement membrane. The cells are joined together at specialized regions called cell junctions.

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