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Diversity of Life: Test 2

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Bryophytes resemble algae in most aspects, except the

  1. presence of thalloid plant body

  2. presence of vegetative reproduction

  3. dependence on water for fertilisation

  4. presence of jacketed and multicellular sex organs


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Sex organs are well developed and multicellular. 

Which of the following statements about protistan algae are incorrect? A. They are heterotrophic and one of the major components of phytoplanktons. B. They are only neustonic in nature. C. The cell is surrounded by a cell wall and possesses gelatinous matrix around the cell wall. D. Distinct chloroplasts are absent. E. Pyrenoids are present in protistan algae.

  1. A, B and D

  2. B, D and E

  3. A, B and E

  4. C, D and E


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Statement A is not true because they are autotrophic. Statement B is not true because they are found in fresh water, marine water, benthic and neustonic regions. Statement D is not true because they have a distinct chloroplast for photosynthesis.

Which of the following statements are correct with reference to the action of bacteria?

A. Ammonifying bacteria release ammonia in the soil by decay and putrefaction. B. Nitrifying bacteria convert ammonia to nitrates directly. C. Nitrogen fixing bacteria can be symbiotic or non-symbiotic. D. Acetobacter aceti helps in the production of acetone. E. Mycoderma aceti converts sugar solution to acetic acid.

  1. A, C and E

  2. Only A and C

  3. B, C and D

  4. Only D and E


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Ammonifying bacteria release ammonia in the soil by decay and putrefaction. Nitrogen fixing bacteria can be symbiotic or non-symbiotic. Mycoderma aceti converts sugar solution to acetic acid.

Which of the following pairs of fungi belongs to basidiomycetes?

  1. Penicillium and Sachharomyces

  2. Alternaria and Mucor

  3. Penicillium and Agaricus

  4. Agaricus and Calvatia


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

The class basidiomycetes includes those members that produce their basidia and basidiospores on or in a basidiocarp.

The taxonomic system that uses phenotypic similarities along with homologies in organisms is known as

  1. cladistic taxonomy

  2. phylogenetic taxonomy

  3. classical evolutionary taxonomy

  4. phenetic taxonomy


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Classical evolutionary taxonomy uses both evolutionary branching and divergence to classify organisms.

From which of the following lichens is litmus solution obtained?

  1. Lecanora

  2. Usnea

  3. Evernia

  4. Roccella


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Roccella yields litmus solution, which is used as an indicator for acidity and alkalinity of the medium.

The number of pollen grains produced by head inflorescence of Asteraceae having 10 tubular flowers if each anther produces 20 pollen grains is

  1. 200

  2. 400

  3. 800

  4. 1,000


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

 Each flower has 5 stamens. 

The evolutionary trend of sexual reproduction in thallophyta, bryophyte, pteridophyta and gymnosperms is

  1. gradual elaboration of sporophyte

  2. gradual elaboration of gametophyte

  3. elimination of sporophyte

  4. elimination of gametophyte


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

 As we move from thallophyta to gymnosperms, gametophyte is gradually reduced and sporophyte is gradually elaborated.

Match the organisms given in column I with their features given in column II.

  1. A - iv, B - iii, C - ii, D - i

  2. A - ii, B - iv, C - i, D - i

  3. A - iii, B - ii, C - iv, D - i

  4. A - iii, B - iv, C - i, D - ii


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Archaebacteria possesses pseudomurein in its cell wall.

Assertion (A): Toad stools are brightly coloured but potentially toxic and not edible. Reasoning (R): Death angel, Amanita phaloides causes 90% of fatalities attributed to mushroom poisoning.

  1. Both Assertion and Reasoning are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

  2. Both Assertion and Reasoning are true and R is not the correct explanation of A.

  3. A is true and R is false.

  4. Both A and R are false.


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Phalloide is one of the most poisonous of all known toadstools. It has been involved in the majority of human deaths from mushrooms. The principal toxic constituent is alpha amanitin which damages the liver and kidneys often fatally.

From which of the following lichens is litmus solution obtained?

  1. Lecanora

  2. Usnea

  3. Evernia

  4. Roccella


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Roccella yields litmus solution, which is used as an indicator for acidity and alkalinity of the medium.

If it is considered that the first sponges originated from protozoans, which of the following types of protozoans would have been their ancestors? I. Zooflagellates living in colonies  II. Sarcodines with parasitic nutrition III. Ciliates with many nuclei IV. Sporozoans living in colonies Select the correct answer using the codes given below:

  1. III and IV

  2. I alone

  3. II and III

  4. III alone


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

 Sponges have evolved from colonial choanoflagellates.

Directions: Assertion and reason type: The question consists of two statements : 

Assertion and Reason. While answering the question you are required to choose any one of the following five responses.

(A) If both Assertion and Reason are true and the Reason is a correct explanation of the Assertion.

(B) If both Assertion and Reason are true but Reason is not a correct explanation of the Assertion.

(C) If Assertion is true but Reason is false.

(D) If Assertion is false and Reason is true.

(E) If both Assertion and Reason are false.

Assertion: Pollination occurs in Pinus with the help of wind i.e. anemophilly. Reason: The pollen grains of Pinus germinate in situ.

  1. A

  2. B

  3. C

  4. D


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

The germination of pollen grains starts in situ. The first division, in all the three genera results in the formation of a small prothallial cell and a bigger cell. The bigger cell directly functions as antheridial initial in Cycas, while in Pinus and Ephedra it cuts off a second prothallial nucleus.

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