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Logical Reasoning - Mixed Test

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Directions: In the following question, a part of a sentence is left blank. You are to choose from the five options given below the question, the one which best fills the blank.

_________ that in this apparent mess, two things must not be interfered with.

  1. It is important

  2. It is of cardinal importance

  3. It should be urgently understood

  4. It cannot be emphasized

  5. It needs to be recounted


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Usage of the words ''cardinal', 'urgently', 'emphasized', and 'recounted' render answer options (2), (3), (4) , and (5) unsuitable for use.

Directions: In the following question, a part of a sentence is left blank. You are to choose from the five options given below the question, the one which best fills the blank.

Although it has been more than 50 years since Satyajit Ray made Pather Panchali, ________ refuse to go away from the mind.

  1. the haunting images

  2. its haunting images

  3. its haunted images

  4. the haunt of its images

  5. the images haunting us


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Grammatically the best fit is (2).

Directions: In the following question, a part of a sentence is left blank. You are to choose from the five options given below the question, the one which best fills the blank.

I am always the first to admit that I have not accomplished everything that I ________ achieve five years ago.

  1. thought I would

  2. went out to

  3. thought to

  4. thought of

  5. set out to


Correct Option: E
Explanation:

'Set out to' is the proverbial use. Hence, the answer.

Directions: Choose the option that is the odd one.

  1. Dirty linen washed in public

  2. Insiders trading by SEBI

  3. Adultery committed within a family

  4. Public abuses shed in a national broad cast

  5. A bilious mudslinger


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Options (1), (3), (4) and (5) are sentences giving very undesirable, disputative situations. But option (2) gives us a trading practice based on inside knowledge. This marks option (2) as the odd one.

Directions: In the following question an incomplete statement is provided. You have to select the option which most logically completes the idea in the question statement.

The realm of infinity has been explored by physicists and mathematicians alike but

  1. both have discovered the true secret

  2. they have been painfully unsuccessful at it

  3. they have not fully understood it

  4. the casual factors have never led themselves to subjugation

  5. it remains essentially an abstract mathematical concept


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Look at the keywords 'explored' and 'but'. Due to appearance of 'but' as a conjunction, we must have an opposite idea in the second part of sentence, which can aptly be found in option (3).

Directions: Choose the option that best replaces the underlined portion.

Annoyed as he was, he stalked off when I finished, leaving his remonstrance behind in the form of several scratches on my hands and wrists.

  1. expressing his numbness

  2. challenging my identity

  3. protesting against my arguments

  4. deterring my obnoxious advances

  5. keeping his scruples


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

'Remonstrance' is an act of protest or complaint. Option (3) fits the flow of the sentence. Hence, the answer.

Directions: Choose the option that is the odd one.

  1. Trail blazers set the trend.

  2. Fashion cuts more apparel than the man.

  3. All the designers this year have gone berserk over the skirts.

  4. Designer boutiques have been a favourite of all times.

  5. Mannequins are used to display garments.


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Options (2), (3), (4) and (5) are sentences used in fashion industry and thereby making out a separate group of their own. But the sentence given in option (1) is quite general, therefore, can be used in any professional field. This marks option (1) as the odd one.

Directions: Choose the option that best replaces the underlined portion.

Everyone who thinks he or she is indispensable ultimately catches a tartar.

  1. stops somewhere

  2. meets a person who is more than a match for him

  3. gains his meet

  4. destroys himself

  5. earns more enemies than friends


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

The expression 'catch a tarter' is commonly used to mean getting something unexpectedly unpleasant or a person too strong, as given in this answer choice.

Directions: Choose the option that is the odd one.

  1. Laissez faire

  2. Caveat emptor

  3. Ad valorem

  4. Coup de Grace


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

'Laissez faire' refers to policy or practice of letting people act without interference especially used for business not being interfered in by governments. 'Caveat emptor' is a term used to say let the buyer beware “Ad valorem' is a phrase applied to certain duties and taxes levied on goods, property etc. (meaning proportionate to value). 'Coup de Grace' means finishing stroke, the blow that brings death to a sufferer. Mercantile bank indulges in banking operations. One can see that the first three teams, along with fifth, are used in context of business but the last term is used generally. Thus, option (4) is the correct answer.

Directions: Choose the option that best replaces the underlined portion.

He doesn't seem to have a proclivity for discernment. We were very friendly until we had that terrible quarrel. But that's all water under the bridge now.

  1. a poise of a jingoist

  2. an aptitude for good judgment

  3. has a way with the odd lot

  4. a show up at odd moments

  5. equanimity


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

'Proclivity for discernment' refers to natural tendency or inclination to recognise something. Only option (2) is suited to this sentence.

Directions: Choose the option that best replaces the underlined portion.

Enough of your carelessness! I have been asking you to mend your manners but you wouldn't listen. This is a list of jobs you're expected to perform daily - just give it a double O and get off your bum.

  1. read it and take action accordingly

  2. look at it and get started

  3. relax and think

  4. get lost for good

  5. give it a thought and take your pick


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

To get off one's bum means to leave relaxed posture and begin one's work immediately. To give a double O or be on the double means to rush or do quickly. So the only appropriate expression to replace the underlined portion is given in option (2).

Directions: Choose the option that best replaces the underlined portion.

There were people in the limelight but the Foreign Office acted as a grey eminence influencing cabinet decisions during the last government.

  1. a stand by arrangement

  2. a dangerous question

  3. a Greek gift

  4. shady bootlegger

  5. the backseat driver


Correct Option: E
Explanation:

Going by the subject being discussed in the sentence, it is clear that though many people were in spotlight, Foreign Office was influencing cabinet decisions behind the scenes. Option (5) is appropriate replacement for this question.

Directions: Choose the option that best replaces the underlined portion.

Sometimes his clovery state takes an 'about turn' and the pink and prime of his health becomes nervy. He then generally says I'm feeling only middling these days.

  1. feeling his damnedest

  2. feeling fairly well

  3. feeling on the ninth cloud

  4. serenity

  5. dejection


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

When the pink and prime of his health becomes nervy, there is an about turn. Option (2) marks a similar expression, providing us the answer.

Directions: Choose the option that best replaces the underlined portion.

Look before you leap” reflects an attitude expressed in such a saying as:

  1. 'Forewarned is forearmed'.

  2. 'A stitch in time saves nine'.

  3. 'No pain, no gain'.

  4. 'Fools rush where the angles fear to tread'.


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

“Look before you leap” means we should know what we are getting into, before we commit ourselves. Of all the options, “forewarned is forearmed” (those who know that something is coming, are better prepared to face it than those who do not know) in option (1) reflects the similar attitude, thus fits our prediction. Hence, option (1) is the answer.

Directions: Choose the option that best replaces the underlined portion.

As a mother I know that parents are supposed to temper their love with wisdom, discipline and patience.

  1. to replace their love

  2. to unsully their affection

  3. to moderate, as conditions require, their love

  4. to take the bull by the horns

  5. hold out their love


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

The meaning of 'temper', as given in the underlined portion, is to 'reduce in intensity'. Now looking at answer choices we can see that 'moderate' is perfect replacement. Therefore, option (3) is the correct answer.

Directions: Choose the option that best replaces the underlined portion.

He decided to light out for the country, unsure of what had instigated his departure, knowing only that he needed to escape civilization for a time.

  1. what calmed him down

  2. what enlightened him

  3. what provoked him to leave

  4. what goaded him to settle down

  5. who compelled him to leave


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

The term 'Light out' means to depart/leave. So the sentence says that the person left for countryside without knowing why, except that he wanted to escape civilization for some time. 'Instigated' means to urge on or incite. The word 'goaded' as given in option (4) is correct but 'settle down' is inappropriate. So option (3) is correct.

Directions: In the following question an incomplete statement is provided. You have to select the option which most logically completes the idea in the question statement.

It's nice to be important but

  1. one should not relegate his social duties to the background

  2. we must not crave for self-praise

  3. let us not forget our unfortunate poor brethren

  4. it's more important to be nice

  5. it's the inner worth that matters more


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Options (1) and (3) can be neglected, because they are not in harmony with the provided part of sentence. One can easily see that though (2) also sounds logical, a beautiful use of pun, which has been intended, is available in option (4), which thereby most logically completes the idea on the question statement.

Directions: Choose the option that is the odd one.

  1. Worried and reflective

  2. Temperamental and obstinate

  3. Quiet and pacific

  4. Stormy and placid

  5. Lethargic and indolent


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

The sets of words given in options (1), (2), (3) and (3) are synonyms within and therefore can be grouped together. Option (4) gives us a set of antonyms, marking it the odd one.

Directions: In making decisions about important questions it is desirable to be able to distinguish between 'strong' arguments and 'weak' arguments so far as they relate to the question. 'Strong' arguments must be both important and directly related to the questions. 'Weak' arguments may not be directly related to the question. The question below is followed by two arguments numbered I and II. You have to decide which of the arguments is a 'strong' argument and which is a 'weak' argument. Give answer (1) if only argument I is strong; give answer (2) if only argument II is strong; give answer (3) if one could weaken the other; give answer (4) if neither I nor II is strong; and give answer (5) if both I and II are strong.

Statement: Should we teach moral education in schools? Arguments: I. Yes. Why not? Do you think the home is the best place for that? II. No. We should not. Immoral teachers cannot impart moral education.

  1. (1)

  2. (2)

  3. (3)

  4. (4)

  5. (5)


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

The question in argument I does not even address the problem. Argument II unnecessarily assumes that teachers are immoral.

Directions: In the question below a statement is given followed by two assumptions numbered I and II. You have to consider the statement and the assumption given and decide which of the choices about implicitness of assumption is true.

Most of the parents desire to put their children in English medium schools vis-a-vis regional language schools. Assumptions: I. The quality of education in English medium schools is better than that in regional language schools. II. Regional language classrooms are very crowded.

  1. If only assumption I is implicit

  2. If only assumption II is implicit

  3. If neither I nor II is implicit

  4. If both the assumptions are implicit

  5. If either one, but not both has to be implicit


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The statement can be directly linked with I but not with II.

Directions: In the question below a statement is given followed by two conclusions numbered I and II. You have to assume everything in the statement to be true, then consider the two conclusions together and decide which of them logically follows beyond a reasonable doubt from the information given in the statement.

The government is thinking on a proposal to withdraw tax incentives on popular savings schemes like N.S.C., post/bank deposits etc. I. The government may withdraw tax incentives on these schemes. II. The government may not withdraw tax incentives on these schemes.

  1. If only conclusion I follows

  2. If only conclusion II follows

  3. If either conclusion I or II follows

  4. If both the conclusions follow

  5. If neither of the conclusions follow


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

When the government is contemplating an action, either of the two conclusions has to follow.

Directions: In making decisions about important questions, it is desirable to be able to distinguish between 'strong' arguments and 'weak' arguments, so far as they relate to the question. 'Strong' arguments must be both important and directly related to the question. 'Weak' arguments may not be directly related to the question. The question below is followed by two arguments numbered I and II. You have to decide which of the arguments is a 'strong' argument and which is a 'weak' argument. Give answer (1) if only argument I is strong; give answer (2) if only argument II is strong; give answer (3) if one could weaken the other; give answer (4) if neither I nor II is strong; and give answer (5) if both I and II are strong.

Statement: Should school education be made free in India? Arguments: I. Yes. This is the only way to improve the level of literacy. II. No. It would add to the already heavy burden on the exchequer.

  1. (1)

  2. (2)

  3. (3)

  4. (4)

  5. (5)


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Literacy is a desirable objective and expenses should not come in the way, unless you have no means.

Directions: In making decisions about important questions, it is desirable to be able to distinguish between 'strong' arguments and 'weak' arguments, so far as they relate to the question. 'Strong' arguments must be both important and directly related to the question. 'Weak' arguments may not be directly related to the question. The question below is followed by two arguments numbered I and II. You have to decide which of the arguments is a 'strong' argument and which is a 'weak' argument. Give answer (1) if only argument I is strong; give answer (2) if only argument II is strong; give answer (3) if one could weaken the other; give answer (4) if neither I nor II is strong; and give answer (5) if both I and II are strong. Statement: In India employees should be prevented from participating in the management of the factory ? Reasoning : I. Yes , the current management theory II. Not , many workers are illiterate | Therefore , their contribution would not have any value

  1. (1)

  2. (2)

  3. (3)

  4. (4)

  5. (5)


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

I and II both are very weak and vague. Workers collectively may have some say, but cannot ‘participate’ directly in management. Also, assuming that an illiterate cannot manage at all is weak argument. Hence, this answer choice is also incorrect.

Directions: In making decisions about important questions, it is desirable to be able to distinguish between 'strong' arguments and 'weak' arguments, so far as they relate to the question. 'Strong' arguments must be both important and directly related to the question. 'Weak' arguments may not be directly related to the question. The question below is followed by two arguments numbered I and II. You have to decide which of the arguments is a 'strong' argument and which is a 'weak' argument. Give answer (1) if only argument I is strong; give answer (2) if only argument II is strong; give answer (3) if one could weaken the other; give answer (4) if neither I nor II is strong; and give answer (5) if both I and II are strong.

Statement: Should kissing and nudity be shown in Indian films? Arguments: I. Yes. It is being shown all over the world. II. No. It will damage the moral fibre of the Indian society.

  1. (1)

  2. (2)

  3. (3)

  4. (4)

  5. (5)


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Both these arguments are weak. If something is shown all over the world, it doesn't mean we should also show it. Statement 2 is incoherent because it depends upon numerous factors such as purpose, context and audience.

Directions: In making decisions about important questions, it is desirable to be able to distinguish between 'strong' arguments and 'weak' arguments, so far as they relate to the question. 'Strong' arguments must be both important and directly related to the question. 'Weak' arguments may not be directly related to the question. The question below is followed by two arguments numbered I and II. You have to decide which of the arguments is a 'strong' argument and which is a 'weak' argument. Give answer (1) if only argument I is strong; give answer (2) if only argument II is strong; give answer (3) if one could weaken the other; give answer (4) if neither I nor II is strong; and give answer (5) if both I and II are strong.

Statement: Should religion be taught in our schools? Arguments: I. Yes, do the parents not wish to develop their wards into mature individuals? II. No, how can one dream of such a step when we want the young generation to fulfill its role in the coming 21st century.

  1. (1)

  2. (2)

  3. (3)

  4. (4)

  5. (5)


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Neither of the two arguments establishes any direct relationship with religion.

Directions: In making decisions about important questions, it is desirable to be able to distinguish between 'strong' arguments and 'weak' arguments, so far as they relate to the question. 'Strong' arguments must be both important and directly related to the question. 'Weak' arguments may not be directly related to the question. The question below is followed by two arguments numbered I and II. You have to decide which of the arguments is a 'strong' argument and which is a 'weak' argument. Give answer (1) if only argument I is strong; give answer (2) if only argument II is strong; give answer (3) if one could weaken the other; give answer (4) if neither I nor II is strong; and give answer (5) if both I and II are strong.

Statement: Should non–vegetarian food be totally banned in our country? Arguments: I. Yes, it is expensive and therefore it is beyond the means of most people in our country. II. No, nothing should be banned in a democratic country like ours.

  1. (1)

  2. (2)

  3. (3)

  4. (4)

  5. (5)


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Totally banning a choice of diet is against democratic characteristics. Hence, this is logical and can be said to be strong. 

Directions: The question that follows has a conclusion followed by two statements A and B.

Mark (1): if statement A alone is adequate to arrive at the conclusion Mark (2): if statement B alone is adequate to arrive at the conclusion Mark (3): if both statements A and B are required to arrive at the conclusion Mark (4): if both statements are insufficient to draw the conclusion Mark (5): if either A alone or B alone is adequate

The most widely encountered colour in the world is white. A. Almost 80% of all printed matter has white colour. B. Green is the second most widely encountered colour.

  1. (1)

  2. (2)

  3. (3)

  4. (4)

  5. (5)


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Even if we combine both A and B, the data would still be insufficient to reach the conclusion.

Directions: The question that follows has a conclusion followed by two statements A and B.

Mark (1): if statement A alone is adequate to arrive at the conclusion Mark (2): if statement B alone is adequate to arrive at the conclusion Mark (3): if both statements A and B are required to arrive at the conclusion Mark (4): if both statements are insufficient to draw the conclusion Mark (5): if either A alone or B alone is adequate

Cardiac arrest is the most common cause of mortality. A. Before any death occurs, the heart stops functioning. B. Cardiac problems are prevalent among a majority of the older population.

  1. (1)

  2. (2)

  3. (3)

  4. (4)

  5. (5)


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

'Heart stops functioning. Then the death occurs'. Failure 'before death' leads us to the conclusion.

Directions: In the question below a statement is followed by two assumptions numbered I and II. You have to consider the statement and the assumptions and decide which of the choices about implicitness of assumption is true.

Safety and health practices in many Indian companies are well below the international standards. Assumptions: I. International standards of health and safety are ideal and unrealistic. II. Indian organisations do not consider safety and health management as their prime social obligation.

  1. If only assumption I is implicit

  2. If only assumption II is implicit

  3. If neither I nor II is implicit

  4. If both the assumptions are implicit

  5. If either one, but not both has to be implicit


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

The statement rates Indian safety and health practices well below international standards. There is no mention in I about India.

Directions: The given passage is followed by two inferences which can be drawn from the facts stated in the passage. You have to examine each inference separately in the context of the passage and decide upon its degree of truth or falsity.

It is a miracle that Pakistan has agreed to sign a treaty with India regarding the Kashmir problem. It can be signed any day now. Inferences: I. Earlier it was not possible to sign the treaty regarding the Kashmir problem. II. The treaty was not signed between India and Pakistan when the above statement was made.

  1. If only inference I follows

  2. If only inference II follows

  3. If neither inference I nor II follows

  4. If both inferences follow

  5. If either one, but not both, follows


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Both the statements are definitive, but only II can be deduced from the otherwise indeterminate assertion.

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