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Paragraph Completion - 2

Description: Paragraph Completion - 2
Number of Questions: 13
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Tags: Paragraph Completion - 2 Critical Reasoning
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A shrewd peasant was always well enough protected against impostors in the market place, and we have all sorts of businessmen who have made themselves excellent judges of phoniness without the benefit of a high-school diploma; but this kind of shrewdness goes along with a great deal of credulity. Outside the limited field within which experience has taught the peasant or the illiterate businessman his lessons, he is often hopelessly gullible.

Which of the options provides critical completion of the passage?

  1. The skepticism and the gullibility go hand in hand.

  2. The situation has, however, changed remarkably of late.

  3. The educated man, by contrast, has tried to develop a critical faculty for general use, and feels fortified against imposture in all its forms.

  4. The peasant and the businessman of today can hardly make do with such crude differentiation.


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

The passage starts with the shrewdness of the peasants and less educated businessmen. It then talks about their inadequacy outside their limited field of expertise. “Shrewdness goes along with a great deal of credulity” in the case of “peasant or the illiterate businessman”. “The educated businessmen by contrast …”

It is the arbitrary exemptions from the law provided to the privileged - often violent - sections among the less privileged that are the basis of the widespread sense of injustice, and of the collapse of the authority and legitimacy of the justice system, that would be more correctly identified as the 'root cause' of the pervasive sense of injury than any other failure of the state. Yet, we are constantly told, that we must create even more exceptions to the application of the law to accommodate these forces of violent disruption in order to address this sense of injury.

What is the most critical completion of the passage?

  1. Wow!

  2. Rubbing salt into the wounds!

  3. Squaring a problem does not halve it!

  4. Such a vicious irony!

  5. Ever heard of it?


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

An irony is implied when the cause and cure are caused by the same instrument. In this case, remedy being worse than the malady which it is supposed to cure, creates the irony.

The paradox of big weather: it makes people feel important even while it dramatizes their insignificance. In some ways, extreme weather is a brief moral equivalent of war as stimulating as war can sometimes be _____________________.

What is the most critical completion of the passage?

  1. and invariably as all-encompassing

  2. and as whimsical at the same time

  3. at a larger scale though

  4. as if it were a war of elements against the lesser mortals

  5. though without most of the carnage


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

The paradox continues. Extreme weather, like war, may be fascinating but will make us look small as it is whimsical. Also, by using 'as stimulating' and 'as whimsical', the grammatical correctness is maintained.

Osho Rajneesh, a prominent 20th century cult leader in India spoke and wrote the way many rational, educated people did. Like them, Osho questioned the dogmas, myths and contradictions of religion and life, but he did so with a clarity that was revolutionary in its scope. As is the case normally with such people, governments and masses did not like him too much for his piercing, thought-provoking and rebellious ideas and constantly criticized him. So much so that he had to leave Oregon in the US when local people protested against his utterances. By the time he died in 1989, however, his criticism of organized, ritualistic religion and his celebration of religion as something private, bringing joy and happiness were widely shared by the middle class. With the passage of time, _______________.

What is the most critical completion of the passage?

  1. Osho's path breaking vision became a conventional attitude

  2. complacency crept into Osho's cult and it became as bad its competitors

  3. Osho was proven to be incorrect

  4. the masses became more critical of Osho's piercing vision of reality


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The key to this question lies in the last few lines of the paragraph. “By the time he died in 1989, however, his criticism of organized, ritualistic religion and his celebration of religion as something private, bringing joy and happiness were widely shared by the middle class. With the passage of time, .………..” Something widely shared by the middle class is, by definition, more popular as the middle class constitutes a majority in a society. Since the last few lines indicate a waning of the criticism against Osho and an acceptance of his ideas, logically, it should culminate in a wider participation in future. This is indicated only by option (1).

The real description would demand, of course, an exact measurement of the height of the mountain and the geological analysis of its structure, or an exact classification of the tree and the bird, with a complete description of their organs, and in each organ the various tissues have to be described, and in each tissue the various cells, and ______________________.

What is the most critical completion of the passage?

  1. this is called analytical enquiry

  2. the enquiry goes on

  3. the enquiry continues without an end in sight

  4. this is the basis of all scientific thinking

  5. the microscopist goes further and describes the structure of the cell


Correct Option: E
Explanation:

The passage progresses from the whole to the progressively smaller parts. The logical and progressive follow up to the inquiry into tissues would be an explanation of the cell structure. The body, the organs, the tissues, the cells, the cell structure - the progression continues for the microscopist.

Having made the birds of the United States his study for several years, the writer glanced over the bird carvings in the most cursory manner, being curious to see what species were represented. The inaccurate identification of some of these by the authors of The Ancient Monuments of the Mississippi Valley led to the examination of the series as a whole, and subsequently to the discussion they had received at the hands of various authors. The carvings are, therefore, here considered rather from the stand-point of the _________________.

What is the most critical completion of the passage?

  1. artistic capability than the precision of the bird carvers

  2. importance to archeology

  3. archeologist than anybody else

  4. naturalist than the archeologist

  5. importance to ancient art than to a biologist


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

The Ancient Monuments of the Mississippi Valley provided inaccurate information. So carvings were considered anew, not from the archaeological, but from the naturalist's angle. The writer is a naturalist who has compared drawings from his viewpoint.

Before a zoologist has completed his description of a bird in the landscape, he has given account of hundreds of thousands of things; but before the psychologist would complete the enumeration of the mental elements which enter into the seeing of an object, he would have to give account of __________.

What is the most critical completion of the passage?

  1. a lot many elements related to psychology

  2. a far more complex explanation of the interplay of these elements

  3. another set of elements

  4. elements related to psychology of a person

  5. by far more psychical elements


Correct Option: E
Explanation:

It is a comparative statement. Only another comparative statement could logically conclude the passage. A zoologist has to account for many; a psychologist has to account for many more.

The psychologist's final task is to explain the appearance and disappearance, the connections and sequences of these mental objects, the contents of consciousness. But before he can start on explanation of the facts, he has to describe them, and describing means analyzing them into their elements and fixating those elements and their combinations for an exact report. Such descriptive work is in a way simple preparation for the further task of real explanation; _________________.

What is the most critical completion of the passage?

  1. the real challenge is the big picture

  2. it furthers the idea that analytical reasoning is the best method

  3. yet it is in itself important, complicated, and difficult

  4. which is why the whole exercise was initiated

  5. it depends mainly on the depth of understanding of the psychologist


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

The sentence starts with 'simple explanation for real explanation' and it is logically carried forward with 'yet important and complicated'.

It was somewhere in the seventies when old Peaceful Harry woke to a realization that gold-hunting and lumbago do not take kindly to one another, and the fact that his pipe and dim-eyed meditation appealed to him more keenly than did his prospector's pick and shovel and pan seemed to imply that he was growing old. He was a silent man, by occupation and by nature, so he said nothing about it; but, like the wild things of prairie and wood, _____________________.

What is the most critical completion of the passage?

  1. quietly understood that the wheel of life has turned again and this time against

  2. instinctively began preparing for the winter of his life

  3. prepared to live a life in the wild

  4. courageously stood up to the challenge

  5. strived to protect himself from the elements


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

 It logically continues how 'Peaceful Harry' made peace with his affliction and dimming desire to prospect for gold. Harry instinctively started preparing for the winter of his life.

Since in a morally goodwill the law itself must be the motive, the moral interest is a pure interest of practical reason alone, independent of sense. On the notion of an interest is based that of a maxim. This, therefore, is morally good only in case it rests simply on ____________.

What is the most critical completion of the passage?

  1. the independence of sense

  2. the interest taken in obedience to the law

  3. the independence of motive

  4. the shoulders of morality for the sake of itself


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

It neatly ties up the two main points of law and interest. '…..the moral interest is a pure interest of practical reason alone…..'

Certainly in the same way the psychologist has to go on to resolve every one of those complex structures; he has to examine the mental tissues and the mental cells of which a volition or a memory idea or a perception are composed. And while he cannot use a microscope for these mental elements, yet his studies may cause elements to appear which _______________.

What is the most critical completion of the passage?

  1. the naïve observer remains entirely unaware of

  2. he didn't ever imagine possible

  3. would lead to the next step of analysis

  4. get the ball of psychological analysis rolling


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The clue to the answer lies in the line 'And while he cannot use a microscope for these mental elements, yet '. Yet explains why he has a better understanding than a 'naïve observer'.

There is hydrogen and there is oxygen, and there is chloride of sodium, and the dark blue color is nothing but the reflection of billions of ether vibrations. But have I really to choose between two statements concerning the waves, one of which is valuable and the other not?

What is the most critical completion of the passage?

  1. I would choose the metaphysical dimension because it embraces the physical universe as well.

  2. Can we ever bridge the gap?

  3. The answer has been a grey area for the scientist community.

  4. On the contrary, both have fundamental value.

  5. The answer can open a can of worms.


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

The question is whether one is valuable and the other is not. The answer is both are valuable. Only this option talks about values (fundamental value) of waves.

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