It is a cyanophycean. Hence, no motile cells in its life cycle.

It causes 'Red snow'. Its hypnospores consist of a red colour pigment, which gives the colour to snow.

DNA polymerase helps to add free nucleotides to the primer to only the 3' end of the newly forming strand thus elongating the strand in 5'-3' direction.

Glycolysis is the first stage of glucose breakdown during respiration and it takes place in the cytoplasm where enzymes are present to support it.

 The whorled arrangement where 3 or more leaves appear on a node is seen in oleander.

 Transcription involves synthesis of m-RNA from DNA with the help of RNA polymerase enzyme.

 Peroxisomes contain enzymes for photorespiration which occur when carbon-dioxide level is low and RUBP is oxygenated to form phosphoglycolate and 3-phosphoglycerate.

 It may occur even in the absence of oxygen.

Calvin cycle of photosynthesis occurs in the stroma of chloroplasts to produce glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate.

Recalcitrant seeds are seeds which cannot be stored for longer period of time like some horticultural plants, e.g. mango.

 Lodoicea maldivica is the botanical name of  double coconut or Seychelles nut and has the largest seed.

 The genetic material in tobacco mosaic virus is a single stranded RNA. 

Transposons also known as 'jumping genes' was discovered by Nobel Prize winning cytogeniticist, Barbara McClintock.

Talipot palm bears 6-8 m long branched inflorescence having millions of flowers.

 Gnetum is a gymnosperm which has vessels.

Florigen is a hormone produced in response to vernalisation in leaves.

 Bulliform cells are upper epidermal cells which are large and bubble shaped.They are found in grass and enable leaves to roll up during water scarcity and prevents loss of water from the surface of the leaf.

 Since flowering in all the plants mentioned above is not affected by the hours of darkness or light they are termed day-neutral plants.

Cryptochromes are blue light photoreceptor cells and regulate many plant responses like germination and photoperiodism.

 Flowering plants were first appeared during this period along with new groups of birds and mammals.

Okazaki fragments named after the discovering scientists, are short fragments of DNA  formed on the lagging strand during replication.

Secondary xylem is formed to the inside and secondary phloem is formed to the outside of the vascular cambium which is a type of secondary meristem.

Eutrophication is the correct term used to denote increase of phytoplankton in water bodies.

Poaceae family consists of cereals like rice, wheat, millets, bamboos and grasses which forms the bulk of feedstock.

Alginate is a carbohydrate found in the cell walls of kelp or brown algae and is of great use as jelling and thickening agent in ice-creams and also in pharmaceutical industry.

The pericarp in caryopsis is fused with the seed coat and the grains of rice and wheat which are examples of caryopsis are considered both seed and fruit since there is no different layer of seperation. 

They are included under monerans. All the prokaryotes are included under this category.

DNA is naked and circular and folded to form nucleoid.

Multiple fruits are formed from the fusion of all fruits formed from the cluster of flowers in an inflorescence and pineapple, fig and mulberry are examples of multiple fruits.