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Diversity in Living World - 1

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Which of the following is a fish?

  1. Antfish

  2. Cuttlefish

  3. Silverfish

  4. Flyingfish


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Flyingfish or exocoetus is a fish.

The book 'Historia Generalis Plantarum' was written by

  1. Lamarck

  2. Darwin

  3. Aristotle

  4. John Ray


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

The book 'Historia Generalis Plantarum' was written by John Ray.

Cell wall is absent in

  1. mycoplasma

  2. bacillus substilis

  3. coccus

  4. streptococcus


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

One of the distinctive characteristics of most bacteria and other prokaryotes is a unique cell wall. The only bacterium that has no cell wall is mycoplasma.

Which of the following is an obligate aerobe?

  1. Clostridium botulinum

  2. Rhodopseudomonas

  3. Bacillus subtilis

  4. Halophile


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

It is an obligate aerobe.

Acellular protists are

  1. monocystis

  2. plasmodium

  3. Both (1) and (2)

  4. None of these


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

 Acellular protists are both Plasmodium and Monocystis.

The five kingdom classification of living organisms was proposed by

  1. Engler and Prantl

  2. Whittaker

  3. Linnaeus

  4. Bentham and Hooker


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Whittaker (1969) gave the 'five kingdom classification' based on which he classified living organisms in five groups: Monera, Protista, Fungi, Plantae and Animalia.

Hard covering of amoeba is known as

  1. shell

  2. cover

  3. cyst

  4. All of the above


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

 Hard covering of amoeba is known as cyst. It acts as a protective shield to overcome adverse circumstances.

Which of the following statements are correct with reference to the action of bacteria?

A. Ammonifying bacteria release ammonia in the soil by decay and putrefaction. B. Nitrifying bacteria convert ammonia to nitrates directly. C. Nitrogen fixing bacteria can be symbiotic or non-symbiotic. D. Acetobacter aceti helps in the production of acetone. E. Mycoderma aceti converts sugar solution to acetic acid.

  1. A, C and E

  2. Only A and C

  3. B, C and D

  4. Only D and E


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Ammonifying bacteria release ammonia in the soil by decay and putrefaction. Nitrogen fixing bacteria can be symbiotic or non-symbiotic. Mycoderma aceti converts sugar solution to acetic acid.

Which of the following organisms completely lack cell wall?

  1. Cyanobacteria

  2. Heterocysts

  3. Eubacteria

  4. Mycoplasmas


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Mycoplasmas are the organisms that completely lack cell wall. They are the smallest living cells known and can survive without oxygen.

Which of the following statements is correct about blue-green algae?

  1. They are photosynthetic autotrophic bacteria.

  2. They are chemosynthetic autotrophic bacteria.

  3. They are heterotrophic bacteria.

  4. They are considered as archaebacteria.


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

They are unicellular, colonial or filamentous, marine or terrestrial algae. 

Tube feet are the locomotory organs of

  1. spider

  2. catfish

  3. reptiles

  4. starfish


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

In starfish, locomotion is done by tube feet.

An internal shell is found in

  1. pila

  2. unio

  3. oyster

  4. sepia


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Sepia has an internal shell.

Prokaryotic ribosomes are

  1. 70 S

  2. 80 S

  3. 55 S

  4. 40 S


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The ribosomes of prokaryotic cells are smaller than eukaryotic ribosomes. Prokaryotic ribosomes measure 70 S units.

Locomotary organelles are absent in

  1. sarcodina

  2. flagellata

  3. ciliata

  4. sporozoa


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

In sporozoa, locomotory organ is absent.

Which of the following antibacterial drugs is produced from algae?

  1. Penicillin

  2. Chlorellin

  3. Aspergillin

  4. Streptomycin


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Chlorellin is an antibacterial drug obtained from chlorella.

The binomial name of French marigold is

  1. Tagetes patula

  2. Zinnia elegans

  3. Artemisia maritima

  4. Calendula officinalis


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

 The binomial name of French marigold is Tagetes patula. Itis a species in the daisy family (Asteraceae). It is native to Mexico and Guatemala with several naturalised populations in many other countries.

Malvaceae comes under ____ subclass.

  1. gamopetalae

  2. thalamiflorae

  3. polypetalae

  4. dicotyledonae


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Malvaceae comes under polypetalae subclass. Polypetalae was defined as including plants with the petals free from the base or only slightly connected.

Triticum aestivum is the scientific name of

  1. rice

  2. maize

  3. barley

  4. wheat


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

The scientific name of wheat is Triticum aestivum.

All the florets are disc florets in

  1. launaea

  2. vernonia

  3. sunflower

  4. tridax


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

 All the florets are disc florets in vernonia.

Hydra exhibits

  1. exogenous budding

  2. fission

  3. thelytoky

  4. All of the above


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

 Hydra exhibits exogenous budding.

Cyst formed in echinococcus is known as

  1. tetra cyst

  2. meta cyclic cyst

  3. hydatid cyst

  4. None of these


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

 Hydatid disease in man is caused mainly by infection by the larval stage of the dog tapeworm Echinococcus granulosus. Cyst formed in echinococcus is known as  hydatid cyst.

Sycon is a _______ sponge.

  1. marine

  2. freshwater

  3. land

  4. None of these


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Sycon is a marine sponge. Sponges are marine invertebrates with a jelly-like mesohyl sandwiched between two layers of cells. 

Hydatid Cyst has _______ layers.

  1. 2

  2. 3

  3. 4

  4. 5


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Hydatid disease, caused by the parasite Echinococcus granulosus, mostly affects the liver and the lungs with hydatid cysts which consist of three layers: (1) the outer pericyst; (2) the middle laminated membrane; and (3) the inner germinal layer.

Gemmules are thought to be _______ buds.

  1. internal

  2. external

  3. middle

  4. outer


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

 Gemmules are internal buds found in sponges and are involved in asexual reproduction. It is an asexually reproduced mass of cells, that is capable of developing into a new organism i.e., an adult sponge.

The taxonomic system that uses phenotypic similarities along with homologies in organisms is known as

  1. cladistic taxonomy

  2. phylogenetic taxonomy

  3. classical evolutionary taxonomy

  4. phenetic taxonomy


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Classical evolutionary taxonomy uses both evolutionary branching and divergence to classify organisms.

Which of the following is the correct ascending order of a hierarchy of biological organisation?

  1. Kingdom, species, genus and series

  2. Order, family, genus and species

  3. Species, genus, family and cohort

  4. Division, kingdom, family and series


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

This is the correct order amongst which the species is the smallest and cohort is the largest taxon.

Which of the following flowers is asymmetrical?

  1. Clitoria

  2. Hibiscus

  3. Crotalaria

  4. Canna


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

  InCanna flowers are asymmetrical.

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