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Fundamentals of Accounting - 2

Description: Fundamentals of Accounting
Number of Questions: 25
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Tags: CA CPT Commerce Accounting Fundamentals of Accounting Accountancy Accounting Process
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Which principle is often described as ''Anticipate no profit but provide for all possible losses''?

  1. Consistency Principle

  2. Accrual Principle

  3. Conservatism Principle

  4. Principle of Prudence


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Under the conservatism principle, if there is uncertainty about incurring a loss, you should tend toward recording the loss. Conversely, if there is uncertainty about recording a gain, you should not record the gain.

What amount is to be charged to the account of M/s Shahji & Co. for the transaction of goods worth Rs. 50,000 purchased from M/s Shahji & Co. @ 10% trade discount & 5% cash discount, if half amount is paid by cheque?

  1. Rs. 50,000

  2. Rs. 45,000

  3. Rs. 22,500

  4. Rs. 21,375


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Cash discount @ 5% on (Rs. 50,000 - 10% trade discount) Rs. 45,000. Half amount paid in cash so other half is treated as credit purchase.

What is the amount of discount recorded in the books for the transaction of goods worth Rs. 50,000 purchased from M/s Shahji & Co. @ 10% trade discount and 5% cash discount, if half of the amount is paid by cheque?

  1. Rs. 5,000

  2. Rs. 2,500

  3. Rs. 2,250

  4. Rs. 1,125


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Calculation of cash discount: 50% of (Rs. 50,000 - 10% trade discount) 5%

What changes will be noticed in accounting equation for the transaction of purchased goods on credit?

A. Increase in Liabilities side. B. Decrease in Liabilities side. C. Increase in Assets side. D. Decrease in Assets side.

  1. A & D

  2. B & D

  3. A & C

  4. B & C


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Only purchase means no profit, so no impact on the value of profit (liabilities).

Goods worth Rs. 80,000 are purchased from Rajesh & Sons @ 10% trade discount & 5% cash discount. Which is the correct journal entry for this?

  1. Dr. purchase a/c Rs. 80,000 & Cr. Rajesh & Sons. Rs. 80,000.

  2. Dr. purchase a/c Rs. 72,000 & Cr. Rajesh & Sons. Rs. 72,000.

  3. Dr. purchase a/c Rs. 80,000, Cr. Rajesh & Sons. Rs. 72,000 & trade discount Rs. 8,000.

  4. Dr. purchase a/c Rs. 72,000, Cr. Rajesh & Sons. Rs. 68,400 & discount received a/c Rs. 3,600.


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

The amount for Dr. & Cr. is workout by deducting trade discount i.e. 80,000 - 10% of 80,000 = 72,000.

Which account needs to be credited for the transaction of goods given as charity worth Rs. 5,000?

  1. Charity a/c

  2. Purchase a/c

  3. Drawings a/c

  4. Cash a/c


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Goods given as charity so purchase is affected & credited.

If the household expenses of Rs. 25,000 of a proprietor are shown as business expenses, what is the impact on the value of profit & the total of balance sheet?

  1. Increase in profit & decrease in the total of balance sheet.

  2. Decrease in both profit and the total of balance sheet.

  3. Decrease in profit and no impact on the total of balance sheet.

  4. No impact on profit and on the total of balance sheet.


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Personal expenses deductable from the capital & here no deduction so, the value of capital not affected & profit decreased. So, both amounts adjusted each other which mean no impact on the total of balance sheet.

For the entry ''Purchased furniture from Abbas Furnishers worth Rs. 80,000'', Abbas Furnishers charged Rs. 2,000 as carriage & Rs. 500 as wages. How much amount is recorded in the furniture A/c?

  1. Rs. 80,000

  2. Rs. 82,000

  3. Rs. 82,500

  4. Rs. 77,500


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

The cost of furniture, carriages & wages are capital nature of expenses so all included in the value of furniture.  

The entry ''Sold goods worth Rs. 80,000 to R.K.Traders plus VAT @ 4%'' is passed in the books. After sometime, R.K.Traders becomes insolvent. Only 60% amount is recovered from R.K.Traders. How much amount will be transferred to Bad Debt A/c?

  1. Rs. 32,000

  2. Rs. 48,000

  3. Rs. 33,280

  4. Rs. 49,920


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The amonut of sales Rs. 80,000 & 40% amount not recovered; so 40% of 80,000 = 32,000 transfer to Bad Debt A/c.

The value of opening stock is Rs. 80,000. Purchases & sales during the year are Rs. 8,00,000 & Rs. 7,50,000 (costing Rs. 6,00,000) respectively. Find the value of closing stock.

  1. Rs. 1,30,000

  2. Rs. 2,00,000

  3. Rs. 1,20,000

  4. Rs. 2,80,000


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

 Value of closing stock= opening stock 80,000 + Purchase 8,00,000 - Cost of Sales 6,00,000 = 2,80,000.

The goods worth Rs. 60,000 were sold to Rajesh on 5th April, 2010 and this entry is passed in the books. A cheque of Rs. 60,000 was received from Rajesh on 9th April, 2010 and this entry is passed in the books. On 10th April, 2010, the cheque is sent to the bank for collection. What will be the entry passed on 10th April, 2010?

  1. Dr. Bank a/c & Cr. Rajesh

  2. Dr. Cash a/c & Cr. Bank a/c

  3. Dr. Bank & Cr. Cash

  4. Dr. Cash & Cr. Rajesh


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

on 9th April, 2010 the cheque is treated as a cash & on 10th April, 2010 cash deposited in form of cheque; so Bank is debited & cash is credited.

What is the correct journal entry for the transaction ''Sold goods worth Rs. 60,000 to Prem Traders plus 4% Value Added Tax (VAT)''?

  1. Dr. Prem Traders Rs. 62,400 & Cr. Sales a/c Rs. 62,400.

  2. Dr. Prem Traders Rs. 60,000 & Cr. Sales a/c Rs. 60,000.

  3. Dr. Prem Traders Rs. 60,000, Dr. VAT a/c Rs. 2,400 & Cr. Sales a/c Rs. 62,400.

  4. Dr. Prem Traders Rs. 62,400, Cr. VAT a/c Rs. 2,400 & Cr. Sales a/c Rs. 60,000.


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Prem Traders is a debtor so debited & sales & VAT a/c credited.

The amount for sale of old newspapers is Rs. 500. Which of the following is the correct entry for this transaction?

  1. Dr. cash a/c & Cr. sales a/c.

  2. Dr. sale of old newspapers a/c & Cr. cash a/c.

  3. Dr. cash a/c & Cr. sale of old newspapers a/c.

  4. Dr. sales a/c & Cr. sale of old newspapers a/c.


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Sale of old newspapers is an Income so crdited & cash received so cash a/c debited.

In which year did ICAI constitute Accounting Standard Board (ASB)?

  1. 1980

  2. 1944

  3. 1949

  4. 1977


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

The ICAI constituted an Accounting Standard Boards (ASB) on 21st April, 1977.

Girish Mobile Store purchased furniture from ABK Furnishers costing Rs. 60,000. In which book will this entry be recorded for ABK Furnishers?

  1. Purchase Book

  2. Cash Book

  3. General Journal

  4. Purchase Return Book


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

  Credit sale of assets are recorded in General Journal.

Loss of goods worth Rs. 5,000 due to fire was recorded in the book. Claim is made to Insurance company and is recorded in the book with full amount. Insurance company paid the 80% amount. What is the entry for remaining 20% amount?

  1. Dr. loss by fire a/c & Cr. insurance claim a/c

  2. Dr. purchase & Cr. loss by fire a/c

  3. Dr. profit & loss a/c & Cr. insurance claim a/c

  4. Dr. cash a/c & Cr. loss by fire a/c


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

 20% amount is loss & transfer to profit & loss a/c.

An asset of Rs. 10,000 is sold for Rs. 8,000 to Vijay. What is the journal entry for this?

  1. Dr. Vijay Rs. 10,000 & Cr. Asset a/c Rs. 10,000

  2. Dr. Vijay Rs. 10,000, Cr. Asset a/c 8,000 & Cr. Loss on Sale of Asset Rs. 2,000

  3. Dr. Vijay Rs. 8,000, Dr. Loss on Sale of Asset Rs. 2,000 & Cr. Asset a/c 10,000

  4. Dr. Vijay Rs. 8,000, Cr. Loss on Sale of Asset Rs. 2,000 & Cr. Asset a/c Rs. 6,000


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Asset Cost Value is RS. 10,000 & Sale Value is Rs. 8,000 so the value of loss is Rs. 2,000 (10,000 - 8,000).

What is the adjustment entry for the salary of Rs. 15,000, which is due as on 31st March, 2010?

  1. Dr. Salaries a/c & Cr. Profit & Loss a/c

  2. Dr. Salaries a/c & Cr. Outstanding Salaries a/c

  3. Dr. Outstanding Salaries a/c & Cr. Salaries a/c

  4. Dr. Salaries & Cr. Cash a/c


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Due Salaries recorded through Outstanding Salaries a/c.

Prepaid expenses are shown under

  1. current liabilities

  2. current assets

  3. expenses

  4. income


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

 Expenses are paid in advance treated as assets & are short term so shown under Current Assets.

The goods are purchased for Rs. 40,000 @ 5% cash discount. What is the nature of discount here?

  1. Asset

  2. Liability

  3. Income

  4. Expense


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Here discount is an Income & we need to open discount received A/c.

Annual Insurance Premium of Rs. 7,200 is paid on 1st Jan, 2010. What is the amount of Prepaid Insurance Premium, if the books were closed on 31st March, 2011?

  1. Rs. 7,200

  2. Rs. 1,800

  3. Rs. 5,400

  4. Rs. 3,600


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

 Books closed on 31st March, 2010 & insurance premium payment period is belongs to 2 financial years. 1st for 3  months & next for 9 months. So amount of prepaid insurance premium is calculated as it: (7,200 / 12) * 9 = Rs. 5,400.

The goods worth Rs. 40,000 were purchased from Harish and then were sold to Dinesh for Rs. 48,000. Dinesh returned goods worth Rs. 12,000 and these were sent back to Harish. What is the value of the return?

  1. Rs. 28,000

  2. Rs. 12,000

  3. Rs. 10,000

  4. Rs. 36,000


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

The value of sales return Rs. 12,000 includes cost plus profit [profit % = {(48,000 - 40,000) / 40,000 }* 100 = 20%]. So, the value of purchase return = 12,000 - 2000 {12,000 / (100+20) * 20)}= 10,000.

M/s Rahul & Sons purchased goods worth Rs. 90,000 from Vinod Tradings. After 2 days, the goods worth Rs. 10,000 were returned to Vinod Tradings. Which document will be sent to Vinod Tradings with these goods?

  1. Purchase Invoice

  2. Credit Note

  3. Sales Invoice

  4. Debit Note


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

In case of purchase return we need to send debit note with goods.

Balance as on 1st April, 2010: Sundry Debtors = Rs. 5,20,000 and Bad Debt during the year = Rs. 10,000. Find the value of Provision for Bad Debt @ 10% as on 31st March, 2010.

  1. Rs. 52,000

  2. Rs. 53,000

  3. Rs. 51,000

  4. Rs. 10,000


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

 Provision for Bad Debt  as on 31st March, 2010: 10% of (5,20,000 - 10,000 = 5,10,000) = 51,000.

Girish Mobile Store purchased furniture from ABK Furnishers costing Rs. 60,000. In which book will this entry be recorded for Girish Mobile Store?

  1. Purchase Book

  2. Cash Book

  3. General Journal

  4. Purchase Return Book


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

 Credit purchased of assets recorded in general journal.

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