The unit capital of close-ended funds is fixed and they sell a specific number of units. Unlike in open-ended funds, investors cannot buy the units of a close-ended fund after its NFO period is over.

Equity warrant is an instrument that gives the holder the right to purchase equity shares in a company at a fixed price in future. 

Beta measures systematic risk (or market risk). It is used to calculate cost of EQUITY capital, not debt fund.

Since the account is opened after 10^th March, no interest will be credited for this month and also account is closed in November. Hence, no interest will be credited for this month either. Hence, number of months = April to October = 7 months

Number of shares = Sum invested/Market value of the share = Rs. 24,000/Rs. 48 = 500 Income = Face value of the share x Number of shares x Rate of dividend = Rs. 60 x 500 x (10/100) = Rs. 3000

Interest accumulated on recurring deposit account = [P n (n + 1) r] / [2 x 12 x 100], where monthly installment, P = Rs. 250, number of months, n = 11, rate of interest, r = 9% Interest accumulated after 11 months but calculated at the end of every month = [250 x 11 x 12 x 9] / [2 x 12 x 100]  = Rs. 123.75

 The charge created in favour of the banker by the customer in case of movable goods handed over to the banker is called pledge.

Dividend is not paid on calls in advance. Subscribed capital is total capital applied by the public. Called up capital is capital called by the company but may or may not be paid by the shareholders.

Blue revolution is concerned with fishing. Green revolution is concerned with wheat, white with milk production and sericulture with silk.

 The goal of market penetration is to get in quickly with the product or service and capture a large share of the market. Market penetration is also a measure of the percentage of the market that your product or service is able to capture. Thus, the companies that attack other firms including market leader in an attempt to build market share are called market penetrators.

Amount received on issue = Rs. 1,80,000 Amount on redemption = Rs. 2,10,000 Thus, loss = 2,10,000 - 1,80,000 = Rs. 30,000 Option (2) is incorrect because it is applicable if only loss on issue of Rs. 20,000 is considered and Rs. 10,000 premium on redemption is ignored. Option (3) is incorrect because it is applicable only if loss Rs. 10,000 for premium on redemption is considered and Rs. 20,000 discount on issue is ignored. Option (4) is incorrect because it is applicable if loss on issue of Rs. 20,000 and Rs. 10,000 premium on redemption are ignored.

 An indirect tax is a tax that increases the price of goods so that consumers are actually paying the tax by paying more for the products. An indirect tax is most often thought of as a tax that is shifted from one taxpayer to another, by way of an increase in the price of the goods.

 Balance of current a/c is a broader concept than the balance of trade. It includes balance of services and unilateral transfer.

All the earnings and expenditure by way of exports and imports, transfers like remittances and donations, etc. form part of the current account of BOP while foreign investments (direct and portfolio), commercial borrowings, NRI deposits, etc. form part of the capital account of BOP.

 In 1979, the RBI classified money stock in India in the following four categories: M₁ = Currency with the public, i.e. coins and currency notes + demand deposits of the public known as narrow money M₂ = M₁ + Post office saving deposits M₃ = M₁ + Time deposits of the pubic with banks called broad money M₄ = M₃ + Total post office deposits (excluding National Saving Certificates)

Disguised unemployment refers to a situation of employment with surplus manpower in which some workers have zero marginal productivity so that their removal will not affect the volume of total output. For example, a certain piece of work could have been managed by 2 persons instead of 3, so the marginal productivity of that 3^rd person is zero.

Input purchased = Rs. 50,000 Input tax paid = 8% of 50,000 = Rs. 4000 (Input tax credit available) Sales = Rs. 100,000 Output tax = 20% of 1,00,000 = Rs. 20,000 Value added tax = Output tax - Input tax credit available = 20,000 - 4000 = Rs. 16,000

 Excise duty is levied on the production of goods.

Let the C.P. of oven be y. C.P. of oven inclusive of 8.5% tax = Rs. 9765                               (108.5/100) x y = 9765                                                     y = (9765 X 100)/108.5                                                     y = Rs. 9000 Amount of tax = 9765 – 9000 = Rs. 765 Therefore, option (3) is correct.

The ownership of mutual fund belongs to unit-holders.

A mutual fund unit-holder can sue trustees.

All of the above are applicable to the debt market in India.

If the value of total assets of a fund is 12000 and the fund has issued 900 units, then the NAV of the unit is 12000/900 = 13.33.

Since the similar type of bonds are offering more interest (11%), so a bond with a coupon of 9% will sell below par value.

Unmarried professionals would like to earn high profits and would be willing to take more risk. So, they choose the investment with higher profit-earnings ratio, i.e. 90% in high P/E ratio funds in the market.

Because bonds typically gain less than stocks, over time their costs become a heavier burden. Costs are the most important factor when evaluating bond funds.