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VSEPR Theory - Shapes of Molecules

Description: Shapes geometry lone pairs Atomic Structure and Chemical BondingChemical Bonding and Molecular Structure
Number of Questions: 20
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Tags: Shapes geometry lone pairs Atomic Structure and Chemical Bonding Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure
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Which of the following has maximum number of lone pairs?

  1. CO2

  2. XeF2

  3. XeF4

  4. ClF3

  5. TiCl4


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

XeF2 has three lone pairs of electrons with linear geometry.

Which of the following pairs of ‘molecule/ion - its geometry’ is not correctly matched?

  1. SF4 - tetrahedral

  2. PO3- - tetrahedral

  3. ClF3 - T-shaped

  4. XeOF4 - square pyramidal

  5. WCl6 - octahedral


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

SF4 has one lone pair of electrons with seesaw geometry.

Which of the following molecules/ions have linear geometry?

  1. I3-
  2. XeF2
  3. HgCl2
  4. SO2
  1. Only 1 and 2.

  2. Only 2 and 3.

  3. Only 3 and 4.

  4. Only 1, 2, 3.

  5. Only 2, 3, 4.


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

I3- and XeF2 both have three lone pair of electrons with linear geometry. HgCl2 has zero lone pair of electrons with linear geometry. SO2 has one lone pair of electron with bent shape.  Hence, 1, 2, 3 all molecules have linear geometry.

Which of the following statements is incorrect? P. NH3 and PCl3 molecules have identical lone pairs of electrons with trigonal planar geometry. Q. OF2 has bent geometry. R. SO3 has zero lone pairs of electrons with trigonal planar geometry. S. CO2 and XeCl2 have zero lone pairs of electrons with linear geometry.

  1. Only P and Q

  2. Only Q and R

  3. Only R and S

  4. Only P and R

  5. Only P and S


Correct Option: E
Explanation:

P. NH3 and PCl3 both molecules have one lone pair of electrons with trigonal pyramidal geometry. S. CO2 has zero lone pair of electrons with linear geometry. XeCl2 has three lone pairs of electrons with linear geometry. Hence, P and S statements are incorrect.

The molecule/ion with capped square antiprismatic geometry is _________.

  1. WF6

  2. ZrF84-

  3. ReH92-

  4. IF8-

  5. IF7


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

The capped square antiprismatic molecular geometry describes the shape of compounds where nine atoms, groups of atoms, or ligands are arranged around a central atom, defining the vertices of a gyroelongated square pyramid. Example is ReH92-.

Which of the following molecules/ions has/have square planar shape on the basis of VSEPR theory?

  1. BrF4-
  2. XeF4
  3. TeCl4
  1. Only 1.

  2. Only 2.

  3. Only 1 and 2.

  4. Only 2 and 3.

  5. Only 1 and 3.


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

According to VSEPR theory, BrF4- and XeF4 both have four bond pair of electrons and two lone pair of electrons with square planar shape. TeCl4 has four bond pair of electrons and one lone pair of electrons with distorted trigonal bipyramidal shape.  Hence, 1 and 2 have square planar shape.

Which of the following molecules/ions do not have linear geometry?

  1. NO2-

  2. XeF2

  3. CdI2

  4. CO

  5. PbCl2


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The nitronium ion or sometimes the nitryl ion NO2+ is a generally reactive cation created by the removal of an electron from the paramagnetic nitrogen dioxide molecule. In [O = N = O]+ nitrogen atom has sp hybridisation and thus it is linear in shape. In NO2- the nitrogen atom has sp2 hybridisation and bent shape.

Match the entries in Group-I with those in Group-II.

 
Group-I (molecules/ions)
Group-II (shapes)
P. XeOF5- 1. octahedral
Q. PCl3 2. bent
R. SF6 3. pentagonal pyramidal
S. BrF3 4. trigonal pyramidal
  1. P - 3, Q - 4, R - 1, S - 2

  2. P - 2, Q - 4, R - 1, S - 3

  3. P - 3, Q - 1, R - 4, S - 2

  4. P - 2, Q - 3, R - 1, S - 4

  5. P - 2, Q - 3, R - 4, S - 1


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

XeOF5- has one lone pair of electrons with pentagonal pyramidal shape. PCl3 has one lone pair of electrons with trigonal pyramidal shape. SF6 has zero lone pair of electrons with octahedral geometry. BrF3 has two lone pair of electrons and bent geometry. Hence, the correct answer using the codes is P - 3, Q - 4, R - 1, S - 2.

Which of the following statements is/are false? P. XeCl2 has three lone pairs of electrons with bent geometry. Q. The shape of XeF6 is distorted pentagonal bipyramidal. R. ICl4- and XeF4 both species have identical geometry.

  1. Only P.

  2. Only Q.

  3. Only R.

  4. Only Pand Q.

  5. Only Q and R.


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

P. XeCl2 has three lone pairs of electrons with linear geometry. Q. XeF6 has six bond pairs of electrons and one lone pair of electrons with distorted pentagonal bipyramidal shape. R. ICl4- ion and XeF4 molecule has four bond pairs of electrons and two lone pair of electrons with square planar geometry. Hence, only the statement P is false.

Which of the following molecules/ions has/have sp3d hybridisation and seesaw geometry? P. SF4
Q. XeO2F2
R. XeOF2
S. XeO3F2

  1. Only P

  2. Only P and Q

  3. Only Q and R

  4. Only R and S

  5. Only S


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

SF4 and XeO2F2 have sp3d hybridisation and one lone pair of electrons with seesaw geometry. XeOF2 has sp3d hybridisation and two lone pairs of electrons with T-shaped geometry. XeO3F2 has sp3d hybridisation and zero lone pair of electrons with trigonal bipyramidal geometry.

Match the molecules/ions in Group - I with corresponding geometry given in Group - II.

 
Group - I
Group - II
A. ReF8- 1. trigonal prismatic
B. W(CH3)6 2. square antiprismatic
C. Na[CoCl2(NH3)4] 3. distorted trigonal bipyramidal
D. SeF4 4. Octahedral
  1. A - 2, B - 1, C - 4, D - 3

  2. A - 2, B - 4, C - 1, D - 3

  3. A - 1, B - 2, C - 4, D - 3

  4. A - 4, B - 1, C - 2, D - 3

  5. A - 4, B - 2, C - 1, D - 3


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

ReF8- has square antiprismatic molecular geometry (the shape of compounds where eight atoms, groups of atoms, or ligands are arranged around a central atom, defining the vertices of a square antiprism). W(CH3)6 has trigonal prismatic geometry (the shape of compounds where six atoms, groups of atoms, or ligands are arranged around a central atom, defining the vertices of a triangular prism). Na[CoCl2(NH3)4] has octahedral geometry. SeF4 has one lone pair of electrons with distorted trigonal bipyramidal shape. Hence, the representation of codes A - 2, B - 1, C - 4, D - 3 is correct.

Which of the following statements is/are false? P. The central atom in POCl3 has sp3 hybridisation tetrahedral geometry. Q. The number of F-Br-F bond angle equal to 90 degrees in BrF5 is one. R. XeF5+ and ICl4- have identical hybridisation, but do not have similar shape.

  1. Only P.

  2. Only Q.

  3. Only R.

  4. Only P and Q.

  5. Only Q and R.


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

 Based on VSEPR theory BrF5 has one lone pair of electrons and sp3d2 hybridisation with square pyramidal geometry. The bond angle in F-Br-F is 84.8 degrees.    Hence, statement Q is false.

Which of the following ions have identical geometry? (i) NH4+, (ii) IF4+, (iii) ClO2-, (iv) ClO4

  1. Only i and ii.

  2. ii and iii.

  3. Only i and iv

  4. Only i, ii and iii.

  5. Only ii, iii and iv.


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

NH4+ and ClO4- both ions have four bond pairs of electrons and zero lone pairs of electrons with tetrahedral geometry. IF4+ has four bond pairs of electrons and one lone pair of electrons with seasaw geometry. ClO2- has three bond pairs of electrons and two lone pairs of electrons with V-shaped geometry. Hence, i and iv are identical in geometry.

Which of the following pairs is likely to be of V-shaped geometry?

  1. SnCl2 and SeH2

  2. SO2 and CO2

  3. H2O and ClO-

  4. ICl and ClO-

  5. SCl2 and XeF2


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

SnCl2 has one lone pair of electrons with V-shaped geometry. SeH2 has two lone pair of electrons with V-shaped geometry.

Match the List-A (molecule/ion), List-B (shape) and List-C (number of lone pair) and select the correct answer using the codes given below the lists.

   
List - A List - B List - C
P. SbCl5 1. square planar i. 0
Q. SnCl2 2. trigonal bipyramidal ii. 2
R. ICl 3. V-shaped iii. 3
S. ICl4- 4. linear iv. 1
  1. P - 3 - i, Q - 2 - iv, R - 4 - iii, S - 1 - ii

  2. P - 2 - i, Q - 3 - iv, R - 1 - iii, S - 4 - ii

  3. P - 2 - i, Q - 3 - ii, R - 1 - iii, S - 4 - iv

  4. P - 2 - i, Q - 3 - iv, R - 1 - ii, S - 4 - iii

  5. P - 2 - i, Q - 3 - iv, R - 4 - iii, S - 1 - ii


Correct Option: E
Explanation:

SbCl5 has zero lone pairs of electrons with trigonal bipyramidal geometry. SnCl2 has one lone pair of electrons with V-shaped geometry. ICl has three lone pairs of electrons with linear shape. ICl4- has two lone pairs of electrons with square planar shape. Hence, the correct answer using the codes is P - 2 - i, Q - 3 - iv, R - 4 - iii, S - 1 - ii.

Which of the following statements is/are false? (P) SeO32- has pyramidal geometry. (Q) Cl2O molecule has two lone pairs of electrons and bent shape. (R) XeF2 and [I(CN)2]- have sp3d and three lone pairs of electrons with linear and bent geometry.

  1. Only P

  2. Only Q

  3. Only R

  4. Only P and Q

  5. Only Q and R


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Both XeF2 and [I(CN)2]- have sp3d and three lone pairs of electrons with linear geometry. Hence, statement R is false.

Which of the following molecules bears one lone pair and possesses bent shape?

  1. CCl2

  2. OF2

  3. H2O

  4. HgCl2

  5. O3


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The molecules having two bond pairs and one lone pairs of electrons with bent shape are- O3, SO2, CCl2, etc. The molecules having two bond pairs and two lone pairs of electrons with bent shape are- H2O, OF2, etc. The molecules having two bond pairs and zero lone pairs of electrons with linear shape are- BeCl2, HgCl2, CO2, etc.

Which of the following statements is/are incorrect? (P) I3- is linear shaped and XeCl2 possesses V-shaped geometry. (Q) BF3 and SO3 have same number of bond pairs and lone pairs with identical geometry. (R) XeOF4 molecule has square pyramidal shape.

  1. Only P.

  2. Only Q.

  3. Only R.

  4. Only P and Q.

  5. Only Q and R.


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

(P) The molecules/ions having two bond pairs and three lone pairs with linear geometry are- XeF2, I3-, XeCl2, etc. (Q) BF3 and SO3 have three bond pairs and zero lone pairs with identical geometry, trigonal planar. (R) XeOF4 molecule has 5 bond pairs and one lone pair with square pyramidal shape. Hence, statement P is only incorrect.

Match the Group - I with Group - II.

 
Group - I (molecules/ions) Group - II (corresponding geometry)
A. BH2+ 1. V-shaped
B. SnBr2 2. linear
C. XeF3+ 3. square pyramidal
D. IF5 4. T-shaped
  1. A - 2, B - 1, C - 4, D - 3

  2. A - 2, B - 4, C - 1, D - 3

  3. A - 2, B - 3, C - 1, D - 4

  4. A - 4, B - 1, C - 3, D - 2

  5. A - 2, B - 1, C - 3, D - 4


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

BH2+ has sp hybridisation and zero number of lone pair of electrons with linear shape. SnBr2 has sp2 hybridisation and one lone pair of electrons with V-shaped geometry. XeF3+ has sp3d hybridisation and two lone pair of electrons with T-shaped geometry. IF5 has sp3d2 hybridisation and one lone pair of electrons with square pyramidal geometry. Hence, the representation of codes A - 2, B - 1, C - 4, D - 3 is correct.

Match the Column-I (molecules/ions) with Column-II (corresponding geometry).

 
Column - I
Column - II
A. XeOF5- 1. octahedral
B. WCl2F4 2. pentagonal pyramidal
C. TeF4 3. seasaw
D. XeO4 4. tetrahedral
5. square planar
  1. A - 2, B - 5, C - 4, D - 3

  2. A - 2, B - 4, C - 1, D - 5

  3. A - 5, B - 3, C - 5, D - 4

  4. A - 4, B - 1, C - 3, D - 2

  5. A - 2, B - 1, C - 3, D - 4


Correct Option: E
Explanation:

XeOF5- has six bond pairs and one lone pair with pentagonal pyramidal shape. WCl2F4 has six bond pairs and zero lone pair with octahedral geometry. TeF4 has four bond pairs and one lone pair with seasaw geometry. XeO4 has four bond pairs and zero lone pair with tetrahedral shape. Hence, the representation of codes A - 2, B - 1, C - 3, D - 4 is correct.

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