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Metal Extraction and Application

Description: occurrence extraction extraction methods alloys Principle and Process of Extraction of ElementsExtraction of Crude Metal from Concentrated Ore
Number of Questions: 20
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Tags: occurrence extraction extraction methods alloys Principle and Process of Extraction of Elements Extraction of Crude Metal from Concentrated Ore
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Which of the following statements is/are false? A. Copper is used for making anticorrosive wires that are used in electrical industries. B. Constantan consists of 60% copper and 40% tin. C. In the manufacturing of dye-stuffs, paints zinc dust is used as reducing agent.

  1. Only A

  2. Only B

  3. Only C

  4. Only A and B

  5. Only B and C


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Constantan is a copper-nickel alloy usually consisting of 55% copper and 45% nickel. Hence, statement B is only false.

Which of the following is the copper ore with the least purity?

  1. Tennantite

  2. Azurite

  3. Malachite

  4. Covellite

  5. Chalcocite


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Tennantite (Cu12As4S13) is 51.6% of copper. Hence it is the least pure.

Which of the following pairs of ‘ore types-associated chief metal’ is incorrect?

  1. Cerussite - Pb

  2. Willemite - Al

  3. Magnesite - Mg

  4. Stannine - Sn

  5. Diaspore - Al


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Willemite (ZnSiO3) is the ore of zinc.

The composition of ‘Frary metal’ is __________.

  1. 88% Cu, 10% Sn, 2% Zn and 0.5% Pb

  2. 97% Pb, 2% Ba and 1% Ca

  3. 50% Bi, 25% Pb and 25% Sn

  4. 76% Sn and 24% Pb

  5. Cu 25-30%, Zn 25-30% and Ni 40–50%


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Frary metal consists of 97% Pb, 2% Ba and 1% Ca.

Match the Group - I (Minerals/ores) with Group - II (Chemical formula) accordingly.

 
Group - I
Group - II
A. crocoisite 1. PbCrO4
B. felspar 2. PbCO3
C. cerussite 3. KAlSi3O8
D. malachite 4. Cu(OH)2.CuCO3
  1. A - 1, B - 3, C - 2, D - 4

  2. A - 2, B - 1, C - 3, D - 4

  3. A - 2, B - 1, C - 4, D - 3

  4. A - 1, B - 2, C - 3, D - 4

  5. A - 4, B - 3, C - 2, D - 1


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Crocoisite (PbCrO4) is the ore of lead. Felspar (KAlSi3O8) is the mineral of potassium and Aluminium. Cerussite (PbCO3) is the carbonate ore of lead. Malachite (Cu(OH)2.CuCO3) is the carbonate ore of copper. Hence, this is the  correct representation of the codes A - 1, B - 3, C - 2, D - 4.

Assertion (A): In the extraction of iron, there is no need of roasting if pure hematite is used as an ore. Reason (R): The final product of the roasting process is FeO3 in the extraction of iron. Choose the correct opinion.

  1. A is true, but R is false.

  2. A is false, but R is true.

  3. Both A and R are true.

  4. Both A and R are false.

  5. None of these


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

In the extraction of iron, in roasting step all pure haematite is converted to ferrous oxide (FeO) that combines with oxygen and form Fe2O3. So, the final product of the roasting step is FeO3 in the extraction of iron, and hence  there is no need of roasting.

Match the Group - I (ores) with Group - II (ore types).

 
Group - I
Group - II
P. Galena 1. sulphide
Q. Dolomite 2. silicate
R. Mica 3. oxide
S. Zincite 4. carbonate
5. hydroxide
  1. P - 1, Q - 4, R - 2, S - 3

  2. P - 3, Q - 4, R - 2, S - 5

  3. P - 3, Q - 4, R - 1, S - 2

  4. P - 1, Q - 2, R - 5, S - 3

  5. P - 4, Q - 3, R - 2, S - 1


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Galena (PbS) is the sulphide ore of Pb. Dolomite (CaCO3.MgCO3) is the carbonate ore of Mg. Mica (K2O.3Al2O3.6SiO2.2H2O) is the silicate ore of Al. Zincite (ZnO) is the oxide ore of Zn. Hence, the correct answer using the codes is P - 1, Q - 4, R - 2, S - 3.

Which of the following pair of metals, is extracted by the reduction with Al thermite process?

  1. Mn and Cr

  2. Au and Ag

  3. Fe and Co

  4. Ni and Sn

  5. Hg and Ni


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Mn and Cr metals are extracted by the reduction with Al thermite process. The reduction potentials of Mn and Cr are - 1.08 V and - 0.74 V, which favours the reduction by Al thermite process.

Which of the following pairs has only ores of lead?

  1. Gibbsite, Anglesite

  2. Crocoisite, Cerrusite

  3. Azurite, Anglesite

  4. Franlinite, Zincite

  5. Gibbsite, Franlinite


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

The chief ores of lead are - Anglesite (PbSO4), Galena (PbS), crocoisite (PbCrO4), Cerrusite (PbCO3), etc.

Which of the following statements is/are false? P. Linotype alloy is composed of 86% Pb, 11% Sb and 3% Sn. Q. The composition of wood’s metal is 68% Ni, 27% Cu and 5% Fe and used in soldering. R. Cunife 1 is composed of 60% Cu, 20% Ni and 20% Fe.

  1. Only P

  2. Only Q

  3. Only R

  4. Only P and Q

  5. Only Q and R


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Wood’s metal is composed of 50% Pb, 25% Sn, 12.5% Cd and 12.5% Bi. This alloy has melting point of 80oC and used in soldering. Monel metal is composed of 68% Ni, 27% Cu and 5% Fe and used in the making of boilers of ships. Hence, statement Q is  false.

Match the Group - I with Group - II.

 
Group - I (alloys) Group - II (chief constituent)
P. Babbit metal 1. Cu
Q. Gun metal 2. Bi
R. Frary metal 3. Sn
S. Rose metal 4. Pb
  1. P - 1, Q - 2, R - 4, S - 3

  2. P - 4, Q - 1, R - 2, S - 3

  3. P - 3, Q - 1, R - 4, S - 2

  4. P - 3, Q - 4, R - 1, S - 2

  5. P - 2, Q - 1, R - 4, S - 3


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Babbit metal is composed of 90% Sn, 7% Sb and 3% Cu used in bearings of machinery. Gun metal consists of 88% Cu, 10% Sn, 2% Zn and 0.5% Pb. Frary metal is composed of 97% Pb, 2% Ba and 1% Ca. Rose metal is consist of 50% Bi, 25% Pb and 25% Sn. Hence, this is the  correct answer P - 3, Q - 1, R - 4, S - 2.

Which of the following is/are the oxide ore(s) of Fe?

  1. Hematite
  2. Magnetite
  3. Limonite
  4. Siderite
  1. Only 1

  2. Only 2

  3. Only 3

  4. Only 1 and 2

  5. Only 1, 2 and 4


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Yes, it is the correct answer. Iron ores are rocks and minerals from which metallic iron can be economically extracted. The ores are usually rich in iron oxides and vary in color from dark grey, bright yellow, deep purple, to rusty red. The oxide ore of iron are- magnetite (Fe3O4), hematite (Fe2O3). Limonite (Fe2O3.3H2O) is hydrated oxide ore of iron. Siderite (FeCO3) is the carbonate ore of iron.

Which of the following pairs of ‘ore-corresponding chemical formula’ is wrong?

  1. Bauxite - Al2O3.3H2O

  2. Lanarkite - PbO.PbSO4

  3. Crocoisite - PbCrO4

  4. Cuprite - Cu2O

  5. Calamine - ZnCO3


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Bauxite (Al2O3.2H2O) is the ore of aluminium. The chemical formula for gibbsite is Al2O3.3H2O.

Match the Column - I with Column - II and select the correct answer using the codes.

 
Column - I (Alloys)
Column - II (major ingredient metals)
A. Duralumin 1. Mg
B. Electron 2. Bi
C. Dutch metal 3. Cu
D. Rose metal 4. Pb
5. Al
  1. A - 5, B - 1, C - 3, D - 2

  2. A - 4, B - 1, C - 5, D - 2

  3. A - 5, B - 4, C - 3, D - 2

  4. A - 2, B - 1, C - 4, D - 5

  5. A - 4, B - 3, C - 1, D - 5


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Duralumin is composed of 94% Al, 4% Cu, and 2% Mg, Mn & Si. Electron alloy is consists of 95% Mg, 4.5% Zn and 0.5% Cu. Dutch metal contains 80% Cu and 20% Zn. Rose metal is consist of 50% Bi, 25% Pb and 25% Sn. Hence, the answer using the codes is A - 5, B - 1, C - 3, D - 2.

Which of the following statements is/are incorrect? P. The refining of impure Sn involves Sweating process followed by Electrorefining. Q. Calcined mixture of dolomite and powder of ferro-silicon is heated to 1200 degree C in a closed container. Mg is vaporised and collected in a condenser. The process is called as Pidgeon process. R. Galena and Willemite are sulphide ores.

  1. Only P

  2. Only P and Q

  3. Only Q and R

  4. Only Pand R

  5. Only R


Correct Option: E
Explanation:

Galena (PbS) is the sulphide ore of lead. Willemite (ZnSiO3) is the silicate ore of zinc. Hence, statement R is only incorrect.

Match the Group - I with Group - II.

 
Group - I (alloys)
Group - II (chief constituent)
P. Cerrosafe 1. In
Q. Field’s metal 2. Cu
R. Vitallium 3. Bi
S. Nordic gold 4. Co
5. Au
  1. P - 1, Q - 2, R - 4, S - 3

  2. P - 4, Q - 1, R - 2, S - 3

  3. P - 3, Q - 1, R - 4, S - 2

  4. P - 3, Q - 4, R - 1, S - 2

  5. P - 2, Q - 1, R - 4, S - 3


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Cerrosafe alloy contains 42.5% Bi, 37.7% Pb, 11.3% Sn and 8.5% Cd. Field’s metal consists of 51% In, 32.5% Bi and 16.5% Sn. Vitallium is a trademark for an alloy of 60% cobalt, 20% chromium, 5% molybdenum and 15% other substances. Nordic gold is the gold-coloured copper alloy consisting of 89% copper, 5% aluminium, 5% zinc and 1% tin. Hence, the correct answer using the codes is P - 3, Q - 1, R - 4, S - 2.

Assertion (A): Anhydrous MgCl2 cannot be prepared by direct heating of hydrated MgCl2. Reason (R): During the heating hydrolysis of MgCl2 takes place that produce MgO. Select the correct opinion.

  1. A is true, but R is false.

  2. A is false, but R is true.

  3. Both A and R are true.

  4. Both A and R are false.

  5. None of these


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Anhydrous magnesium chloride is regenerated from magnesium hydroxide or magnesium carbonate using hydrochloric acid. In order to obtain anhydrous magnesium chloride from hydrated form by heating, hydrolysis of MgCl2 takes place that produce MgO. Thus anhydrous MgCl2 cannot be prepared by direct heating of hydrated MgCl2. Hence, both A and R are true.

Which of the following is/are the ore/s of lead? P. Bornite
Q. Gibbsite
R. Chalcopyrite
S. Anglesite

  1. Only P

  2. Only P and Q

  3. Only Q and R

  4. Only R and S

  5. Only S


Correct Option: E
Explanation:

Bornite (2Cu2S.CuS.FeS) and chalcopyrite (CuFeS2) are the sulphide ores of copper. Gibbsite (Al2O3.3H2O) is the hydrated oxide ore of aluminium. Anglesite (PbSO4) is the ore of lead. Hence, S is only lead ore among the given ores.

Which of the following statements is/are false? P. Devarda's alloy is consists of aluminium (44% – 46%), copper (49% – 51%) and zinc (4% – 6%) and used as reducing agent in analytical chemistry. Q. Manganin contains 86% magnesium, 12% tin and 2% nickel. R. Muntz metal is used as an architectural material and composed of 60% copper, 40% zinc and a trace of iron.

  1. Only P

  2. Only Q

  3. Only R

  4. Only P and Q

  5. Only Q and R


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Yes, it is the correct answer, as the statement is false. Manganin is a trademarked name for an alloy of typically 86% copper, 12% manganese and 2% nickel. Manganin foil and wire is used in the manufacture of resistors, particularly ammeter shunts, because of its virtually zero temperature coefficient of resistance value.

Match the Group - I with Group - II.

 
Group - I (reduction methods) Group - II (metals)
P. Cyanide process 1. K
Q. Electrolysis 2. Zn
R. Carbon method 3. Hg
S. Al thermite process 4. Pb
  1. P - 2, Q - 1, R - 4, S - 3

  2. P - 3, Q - 4, R - 1, S - 2

  3. P - 3, Q - 1, R - 4, S - 2

  4. P - 1, Q - 3, R - 2, S - 4

  5. P - 4, Q - 2, R - 1, S - 3


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Hg is extracted by cyanide reduction method. K is extracted by electrolysis of fused salts, usually chlorides. Pb metal is extracted by carbon reduction method. Zn metal is extracted by the reduction with Al thermite process. Hence, the correct answer using the codes is P - 3, Q - 1, R - 4, S - 2.

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