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Open MAT -2007

Description: Complete Study Material for MAT, MAT Test, English Speaking, Spoken English, English Vocabulary, MBA Entrance, CAT Preparation, CAT Course, CAT Exam, English Communication, English Listening, ICET, MCA Entrance, English Grammar, General English
Number of Questions: 80
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Tags: MAT MAT Test English Speaking Spoken English English Vocabulary MBA Entrance CAT Preparation CAT Course CAT Exam English Communication English Listening ICET MCA Entrance English Grammar General English General Knowledge Verbal Ability Letter D Synonyms Letter E Letter G Letter H Letter I
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What does the name Hawaii mean?

  1. Place of the Gods

  2. Gift of God

  3. House of Stones

  4. Three towns


Correct Option: A

The country symbol of Scotland is a/an

  1. eagle

  2. lion

  3. pigeon

  4. dragon


Correct Option: B

How many states are there in India?

  1. 22

  2. 24

  3. 28

  4. 26


Correct Option: C

Kenophobia relates to

  1. open spaces

  2. empty spaces

  3. confined spaces

  4. heights


Correct Option: B

Who was the president of USA during 1963-69?

  1. Ford

  2. Kennedy

  3. Nixon

  4. Johnson


Correct Option: D

Who was the Nobel Prize winner for peace in the year 2004?

  1. Jimmy Carter

  2. Shirin Ebadi

  3. Wangari Maathai

  4. Kofi Annan


Correct Option: C

Which of the following is known as queen of the Arabian Sea?

  1. Kochi

  2. Alappuzha

  3. Kerala

  4. Mumbai


Correct Option: A

ANTRIX is the commercial arm of

  1. ISRO

  2. NCAER

  3. FICCI

  4. RBI


Correct Option: A

Who was the Central Chief Information Commissioner of India in 2006?

  1. Pratush Sinha

  2. Ranjana Kumari

  3. Wajahat Habibullah

  4. T. N Seshan


Correct Option: C

The 2010 Common Wealth Games were hosted by

  1. Canada

  2. AustraliaIndia

  3. India

  4. England


Correct Option: C

India's service sector which generates over 50 percent of GDP, employs only _______ per cent of workforce.

  1. 17

  2. 27

  3. 37

  4. 7


Correct Option: A

Name the actor whose 1978 film 'Grease' was a big success.

  1. Jackie Chan

  2. John Travolta

  3. Richard Gere

  4. Tom Hanks


Correct Option: B

Which word means 'a sequence of events'?

  1. Cavalcade

  2. Cyst

  3. Casket

  4. Cartridge


Correct Option: A

February gets its name from a Latin word implying

  1. romance

  2. brevity

  3. atonement

  4. disagreement


Correct Option: B

Who was the Governor of RBI in 1995?

  1. Y.V. Reddy

  2. Rangarajan

  3. Bimal Jalan

  4. Jagdish Bhagwati


Correct Option: B

Who is the only President of India who had served for two terms?

  1. S. Radhakrishan

  2. V. V. Rajendra Prasad

  3. Dr. Rajendra Prasad

  4. K. R. Narayanan


Correct Option: C

Which of these is the capital of a country?

  1. Apia

  2. Nauru

  3. Malta

  4. Principe


Correct Option: A

Members of the Dinka tribe are known for their

  1. height

  2. swimming

  3. long hair

  4. marksmanship


Correct Option: A

A person with both A and B antigens has which blood group?

  1. O

  2. A+

  3. B+

  4. AB


Correct Option: D

The first ever President of India to visit the military ruled Myanmar is

  1. R. Venkatraman

  2. Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam

  3. K R. Narayanan

  4. Shankar Dayal Sharma


Correct Option: B

Taj Mahal was built in

  1. 16th century

  2. 17th century

  3. 15th century

  4. 11th century


Correct Option: B

Yanam, a part of Pondicherry, is situated in

  1. Andhra Pradesh

  2. Kerala

  3. Tamil Nadu

  4. Karnataka


Correct Option: A

Monash University is in

  1. UK

  2. USA

  3. Australia

  4. Canada


Correct Option: C

Mohammad Yunus was given the Nobel Prize in which of the following fields?

  1. Physics

  2. Medicine

  3. Economics

  4. Peace


Correct Option: C

The food which does not spoil is

  1. honey

  2. chilly

  3. turmeric

  4. mustard


Correct Option: A

What does SEZ stand for?

  1. Special Export Zones

  2. Special Economic Zones

  3. Socio - Economic Zones

  4. Software Export Zones


Correct Option: B

Which statement is true?

  1. Columbus was born in Geneva.

  2. Columbus is a state capital in USA.

  3. Columbia is a state in US.

  4. Columbus is a river in USA and Canada.


Correct Option: C

Zinc in the human body, in grams, is

  1. 3 to 4

  2. 1 to 2

  3. 2 to 3

  4. 0.5 to 1.5


Correct Option: B

The expression 'high and low' means

  1. unsteady

  2. everywhere

  3. arrogant

  4. helpless


Correct Option: B

According to Forbes 2006 list, the total number of billionaires in the world was

  1. 873

  2. 683

  3. 793

  4. 973


Correct Option: C

Directions: The question consists of a word in capital letters, followed by four options. Choose the option that is most similar in meaning to the word in capital letters. BLITZKRIEG

  1. Cold wave

  2. Swell

  3. Lighting war

  4. Destruction


Correct Option: C

Directions: The question consists of a word in capital letters, followed by four options. Choose the option that is most similar in meaning to the word in capital letters. AVARICE

  1. Amusing

  2. Greed

  3. Anger

  4. Desire


Correct Option: B

Directions: The question consists of a word in capital letters, followed by four options. Choose the option that is most similar in meaning to the word in capital letters. AUTARKY

  1. Dictatorship

  2. Self - sufficiency

  3. Dependency

  4. Ownership


Correct Option: B

Directions: The question consists of a word in capital letters, followed by four words or phrases. Choose the alternative that is most nearly opposite in meaning to the word in the capital letters. EQUITY

  1. Concession

  2. Unfairness

  3. Magnanimity

  4. Mercy


Correct Option: B

Directions: The question consists of a word in capital letters, followed by four options. Choose the option that is most similar in meaning to the word in capital letters. AVENGE

  1. Defeat

  2. Destroy

  3. Take vengeance

  4. Distort


Correct Option: C

Directions: The question consists of a word in capital letters, followed by four words or phrases. Choose the alternative that is most nearly opposite in meaning to the word in the capital letters. URBANE

  1. Crude

  2. Stylish

  3. Modern

  4. Ancient


Correct Option: D

Directions: The question consists of a word in capital letters, followed by four words or phrases. Choose the alternative that is most nearly opposite in meaning to the word in the capital letters. HARMONY

  1. Friendliness

  2. Matrimony

  3. Discord

  4. Peace


Correct Option: C

Directions: The question consists of a capitalized word followed by four sentences in which the word has been used in different ways. Choose the option in which the usage of the word is incorrect or inappropriate. FEED

  1. The animals in the zoo do not have enough feed.

  2. The system needs continuous feedback.

  3. He bites the hand that feeds him every day.

  4. Please feed fast or else you will miss the bus.


Correct Option: D

Directions: The question consists of a word in capital letters, followed by four words or phrases. Choose the alternative that is most nearly opposite in meaning to the word in the capital letters. REGRESSIVE

  1. Leading

  2. Progressive

  3. Declining

  4. Decadent


Correct Option: B

Directions: Select the pair that best expresses the relationship similar to that expressed by the pair in capital letters. TRAGEDY : CATTIARSIS

  1. Aristotle : Poetics

  2. Homer : Iliad

  3. Shakespeare : Sonnets

  4. Tagore : Geetanjali


Correct Option: C

Directions: Select the pair that best expresses the relationship similar to that expressed by the pair in capital letters. SATIRE : SARCASM

  1. Criticism : attack

  2. Human folly : ridicule

  3. Praise : win

  4. Delate : disprove


Correct Option: A

Directions: Select the pair that best expresses the relationship similar to that expressed by the pair in capital letters. SCOOP : JOURNALISM

  1. Crime : Police

  2. Business : Market

  3. Sensation : Breaking news

  4. Defamation : Court case


Correct Option: C

Directions: The question consists of a sentence followed by four alternatives. Select the alternative that conveys the same meaning as the original sentence. The army fought like one man till the end.

  1. The army had only one man to fight.

  2. The army was highly disciplined and determined.

  3. The army did not have a commander.

  4. The army was not properly trained to retreat.


Correct Option: B

Directions: The question consists of a sentence followed by four alternatives. Select the alternative that conveys the same meaning as the original sentence. They were ready to crawl when they were just asked to bend.

  1. They were very flexible and adjustable.

  2. They did not understand the meaning of bend.

  3. They were so slavish that they were ready to do anything to please those in power.

  4. They had no alternative other than obeying.


Correct Option: C

Directions: The question consists of a sentence followed by four alternatives. Select the alternative that conveys the same meaning as the original sentence. Mahatma Gandhi would have never behaved the way the present world leaders behave in the matter of war in Iraq.

  1. Mahatma Gandhi would have been just ignored.

  2. Gandhi would have supported US and the UK.

  3. Gandhi would have supported limited use of force.

  4. Gandhi would have made all efforts to stop the war and minimise the sufferings of Iraqi people.


Correct Option: D

Directions: The question consists of a sentence followed by four alternatives. Select the alternative that conveys the same meaning as the original sentence. Kamla would have deserted Surender but she did not for the sake of her children.

  1. Kamla was a devoted wife.

  2. Kamla did not break her marriage because of her love for her children.

  3. Surender was nice and yet Kamla was unhappy.

  4. Kamla was against her marriage with Surender from the beginning.


Correct Option: B

Directions: The question consists of a sentence followed by four alternatives. Select the alternative that conveys the same meaning as the original sentence. Had I known his true character, I would not have tolerated him for fifteen years.

  1. I did not understand his true character.

  2. He was alright for the fifteen years.

  3. He was so cunning that I did not see through him earlier.

  4. He has always been like that but I tolerated him.


Correct Option: C

Directions: The question consists of a sentence with four parts underlined. Select the part which is not acceptable as per standard written English. (a) They had left for England (b) when the news arrived (c) that their project has been accepted (d) by the government.

  1. (a)

  2. (b)

  3. (c)

  4. (d)


Correct Option: B

Directions: The question consists of a sentence with four parts underlined. Select the part which is not acceptable as per standard written English. (a) We selected a group of doctors (b) that have agreed (c) to work in the (d) tsunami affected areas.

  1. (a)

  2. (b)

  3. (c)

  4. (d)


Correct Option: B

Directions: The question consists of a sentence with four parts underlined. Select the part which is not acceptable as per standard written English. (a) In a democracy (b) it is the numbers that (c) always decides the rightness (d) or the wrongness of an issue.

  1. (a)

  2. (b)

  3. (c)

  4. (d)


Correct Option: C

Directions: The question consists of a sentence with four parts underlined. Select the part which is not acceptable as per standard written English. (a) It might rain in the evening (b) If the clouds are any indication (c) but we will not be sure (d) because the weather is unpredictable.

  1. (a)

  2. (b)

  3. (c)

  4. (d)


Correct Option: C

Directions: The question consists of a sentence with four parts underlined. Select the part which is not acceptable as per standard written English. (a) These set of books (b) I bought yesterday (c) but today my cousin from the US (d) also presented me with the same set.

  1. (a)

  2. (b)

  3. (c)

  4. (d)


Correct Option: A

Directions: The question consists of a capitalized word followed by four sentences in which the word has been used in different ways. Choose the option in which the usage of the word is incorrect or inappropriate. MARRY

  1. He married twice in two years.

  2. She refused to marry him.

  3. The father wanted to marry off his only daughter.

  4. He married himself away for money.


Correct Option: D

Directions: The question consists of a sentence with two blanks followed by four alternative sets of words. Choose the set of words that best fits the meaning of the sentence as a whole. Greatness is usually _____ with simplicity and honesty but sometimes it may not to _____.

  1. linked, possible

  2. associated, true

  3. attributed, correct

  4. not linked, easy


Correct Option: A

Directions: The question consists of a sentence with two blanks followed by four alternative sets of words. Choose the set of words that best fits the meaning of the sentence as a whole. Though he was supposedly a _____ of the poor, his track record _____that impression.

  1. critic, confirmed

  2. friend, belied

  3. opponent, maintained

  4. supporter, convinced


Correct Option: B

Directions: The question consists of a sentence with two blanks followed by four alternative sets of words. Choose the set of words that best fits the meaning of the sentence as a whole. Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam, even as President of India, maintained his _____ that many found it _____ to emulate.

  1. simplicity, difficult

  2. honesty, easy

  3. aloofness, convenient

  4. tradition, unnecessary


Correct Option: A

Directions: The question consists of a sentence with two blanks followed by four alternative sets of words. Choose the set of words that best fits the meaning of the sentence as a whole. He was extremely suspicious of his __and soon he found__to support him.

  1. friends, none

  2. enemies, many

  3. subordinates, all

  4. luck, money


Correct Option: A

Directions: The question consists of a sentence with two blanks followed by four alternative sets of words. Choose the set of words that best fits the meaning of the sentence as a whole. People judge the leaders not by their words but by their _____ and yet leaders manage to ____ the people.

  1. life, love

  2. deeds, deceive

  3. promises, deceive

  4. help, support


Correct Option: B

Directions: The question consists of a capitalized word followed by four sentences in which the word has been used in different ways. Choose the option in which the usage of the word is incorrect or inappropriate. CALL

  1. Call the police when you are in distress.

  2. I will call at my teacher this evening.

  3. Do not call me for every small task.

  4. Call the names of your friends and enemies.


Correct Option: B

Directions: The question consists of a capitalized word followed by four sentences in which the word has been used in different ways. Choose the option in which the usage of the word is incorrect or inappropriate. BEAR

  1. She could bear all the family burdens but not the insulting treatment of her husband.

  2. My colleague will bear me out that I am right.

  3. The bearer is bearing the plates for guests.

  4. Even the strongest person cannot bear unending miseries.


Correct Option: C

Directions: The question consists of a word in capital letters, followed by four words or phrases. Choose the alternative that is most nearly opposite in meaning to the word in the capital letters. MELANCHOLY

  1. Sorrowful

  2. Cheerful

  3. Complaining

  4. Unmindful


Correct Option: B

Directions: The question consists of a capitalized word followed by four sentences in which the word has been used in different ways. Choose the option in which the usage of the word is incorrect or inappropriate. BRINK

  1. The general led his army to the brink of disaster.

  2. The company was on the brink of closure last year.

  3. The senior managers should not brink a situation of chaos.

  4. The government's brinkmanship nearly led to a war.


Correct Option: C

Directions: The question consists of a word in capital letters, followed by four options. Choose the option that is most similar in meaning to the word in capital letters. BALDERDASH

  1. Nonsense

  2. Silent

  3. Abuse

  4. Adulation


Correct Option: A

Directions: Select the pair that best expresses the relationship similar to that expressed by the pair in capital letters. WAR: CEASEFIRE

  1. Negotiations : agreement

  2. Strike : procession

  3. Build: paint

  4. Crop : irrigate


Correct Option: A

Directions: Select the pair that best expresses the relationship similar to that expressed by the pair in capital letters. DITHERING : NERVOUS

  1. Soft : Appeasment

  2. Confused : Unsure

  3. Weak : Indecisive

  4. Willing : Inaction


Correct Option: B

The negative meaning of the word 'neta' in India today is due to

Directions: Read the passage and answer the following questions.

Passage I
Mahatma Gandhi exercised leadership through his personal example and influence rather than through power. But would his style of leadership have worked in the West? Gandhi's example, even more than those of Lincoln, de Gaulle and Hitler, reveals the extent to which leadership is bound up with culture. For a long time the word 'culture' was used mainly as a synonym for Western civilization - the secular process of human development. In England it acquired definite class associations. But in the late eighteenth century the German writer Johann Herder challenged this view, 'Nothing is more indeterminate than this word, 'he wrote, 'and nothing more deceptive than its application to all nations and periods. 'Herder attacked the comfortable assumption that the self-development of humanity had moved in a unilinear progression to flower in the European culture around him. Indeed, he attacked the European assumption of cultural superiority.

Men of all the quarters of the globe, who have perished over the ages, you have not lived solely to. manure the earth with your ashes, so .that at the end of time your prosperity should be made happy by European culture majesty of Nature. It is then necessary, he concluded, to talk of 'cultures' in the plural: the specific and variable cultures of different natures and period, and even the sub-cultures (as we call them) of different social groups within the nation In India, the equivalent of leader is the word neta. In its positive sense it is used for a person who commands respect and even &w€: and has charismatic qualities about him. Because of the misdeeds and misdemeanors of some of the political leaders in the post-Independence era, the word has also come td be used as a taunt for those who pose as leaders but are not accepted as such. In India, the test of leadership lies in personal example, inspirational image and acceptance of the leaders qualities and attributes by the followers.
  1. lack of bright young leaders

  2. the wrong actions and unacceptable behaviour of some political leaders

  3. general indifference of the public towards politics

  4. the absence of guidelines to train leaders


Correct Option: B

The passage suggests that Gandhi's leadership

Directions: Read the passage and answer the following questions.

Passage I
Mahatma Gandhi exercised leadership through his personal example and influence rather than through power. But would his style of leadership have worked in the West? Gandhi's example, even more than those of Lincoln, de Gaulle and Hitler, reveals the extent to which leadership is bound up with culture. For a long time the word 'culture' was used mainly as a synonym for Western civilization - the secular process of human development. In England it acquired definite class associations. But in the late eighteenth century the German writer Johann Herder challenged this view, 'Nothing is more indeterminate than this word, 'he wrote, 'and nothing more deceptive than its application to all nations and periods. 'Herder attacked the comfortable assumption that the self-development of humanity had moved in a unilinear progression to flower in the European culture around him. Indeed, he attacked the European assumption of cultural superiority.

Men of all the quarters of the globe, who have perished over the ages, you have not lived solely to. manure the earth with your ashes, so .that at the end of time your prosperity should be made happy by European culture majesty of Nature. It is then necessary, he concluded, to talk of 'cultures' in the plural: the specific and variable cultures of different natures and period, and even the sub-cultures (as we call them) of different social groups within the nation In India, the equivalent of leader is the word neta. In its positive sense it is used for a person who commands respect and even &w€: and has charismatic qualities about him. Because of the misdeeds and misdemeanors of some of the political leaders in the post-Independence era, the word has also come td be used as a taunt for those who pose as leaders but are not accepted as such. In India, the test of leadership lies in personal example, inspirational image and acceptance of the leaders qualities and attributes by the followers.
  1. was inferior to that of Lincoln, de Gaulle and Hitler

  2. would not have worked in the West

  3. was more closely related to culture than the leadership of other leaders mentioned

  4. would definitely work anywhere in the world


Correct Option: B

Johann Herder challenged the view that

Directions: Read the passage and answer the following questions.

Passage I
Mahatma Gandhi exercised leadership through his personal example and influence rather than through power. But would his style of leadership have worked in the West? Gandhi's example, even more than those of Lincoln, de Gaulle and Hitler, reveals the extent to which leadership is bound up with culture. For a long time the word 'culture' was used mainly as a synonym for Western civilization - the secular process of human development. In England it acquired definite class associations. But in the late eighteenth century the German writer Johann Herder challenged this view, 'Nothing is more indeterminate than this word, 'he wrote, 'and nothing more deceptive than its application to all nations and periods. 'Herder attacked the comfortable assumption that the self-development of humanity had moved in a unilinear progression to flower in the European culture around him. Indeed, he attacked the European assumption of cultural superiority.

Men of all the quarters of the globe, who have perished over the ages, you have not lived solely to. manure the earth with your ashes, so .that at the end of time your prosperity should be made happy by European culture majesty of Nature. It is then necessary, he concluded, to talk of 'cultures' in the plural: the specific and variable cultures of different natures and period, and even the sub-cultures (as we call them) of different social groups within the nation In India, the equivalent of leader is the word neta. In its positive sense it is used for a person who commands respect and even &w€: and has charismatic qualities about him. Because of the misdeeds and misdemeanors of some of the political leaders in the post-Independence era, the word has also come td be used as a taunt for those who pose as leaders but are not accepted as such. In India, the test of leadership lies in personal example, inspirational image and acceptance of the leaders qualities and attributes by the followers.
  1. leadership is bound up with culture

  2. culture was the same as western civilization

  3. civilization did not move in a unilinear fashion

  4. the notion of a superior European culture is an insult to the majesty of nature


Correct Option: B

While carrying out her work, Nightingale faced the most difficult challenges from

Directions: Read the passage and answer the following questions.

Passage II
Two recent publications offer different assessments of the career of the famous British nurse Florence Nightingale. A book by Andy Summers seeks to debunk the idealization and present a reality at odds with Nightingale's heroic reputation. According to Summers, Nightingale's importance during the Crimean War has been exaggerated: not until the War's end did she become supervisor of the female nurses. In addition, Summers writes that the contribution of the nurses to the relief of the wounded was at best marginal, The prevailing problems of military medicine were caused by army organizational practices, and the addition offered by few nurses to the medical staff could be no more than symbolic. Nightingale's place 'in the national pantheon, Summers asserts, is largely due to the propagandistic efforts of contemporary newspaper reporters.

By contrast, the editors of a new volume of Nightingale's letters view Nightingale as a person who significantly influenced not only her own age but also subsequent generations' They highlight her ongoing efforts to reform sanitary conditions after the War. For example, when she learned that peacetime living conditions in British barracks were so horrible that the death rate of enlisted men far exceeded that of the neighbouring civilian population, she succeeded in persuading the government to establish a Royal Commission on the Health of the Army. She used sums raised through public contributions to found a nurses training hospital in London. Even in administrative matters, the editors assert, her practical intelligence was formidable: as recently as 1947 the British army's medical services were still using the cost accounting system she had devised in the eighteen sixties.

I believe that the evidence of her letters supports continued respect for Nightingale's brilliance and creativity. When counseling village school masters to encourage children to use their faculties of observation, she sounds like a modern educator. Her insistence on classifying the problems of the needy in   order to devise a procreate treatment is similar to the approach of modern social workers. In sum, although Nightingale may not have achieved all of her goals during the Crimean War, her breadth of vision and ability to realize ambitious projects have earned her an eminent place among the ranks of social pioneers.

 

  1. the British newspapers

  2. the male dominated British hospitals

  3. the British army

  4. the bureaucracy


Correct Option: D

After the Crimean War, the sanitary conditions in Britain were

Directions: Read the passage and answer the following questions.

Passage II
Two recent publications offer different assessments of the career of the famous British nurse Florence Nightingale. A book by Andy Summers seeks to debunk the idealization and present a reality at odds with Nightingale's heroic reputation. According to Summers, Nightingale's importance during the Crimean War has been exaggerated: not until the War's end did she become supervisor of the female nurses. In addition, Summers writes that the contribution of the nurses to the relief of the wounded was at best marginal, The prevailing problems of military medicine were caused by army organizational practices, and the addition offered by few nurses to the medical staff could be no more than symbolic. Nightingale's place 'in the national pantheon, Summers asserts, is largely due to the propagandistic efforts of contemporary newspaper reporters.

By contrast, the editors of a new volume of Nightingale's letters view Nightingale as a person who significantly influenced not only her own age but also subsequent generations' They highlight her ongoing efforts to reform sanitary conditions after the War. For example, when she learned that peacetime living conditions in British barracks were so horrible that the death rate of enlisted men far exceeded that of the neighbouring civilian population, she succeeded in persuading the government to establish a Royal Commission on the Health of the Army. She used sums raised through public contributions to found a nurses training hospital in London. Even in administrative matters, the editors assert, her practical intelligence was formidable: as recently as 1947 the British army's medical services were still using the cost accounting system she had devised in the eighteen sixties.

I believe that the evidence of her letters supports continued respect for Nightingale's brilliance and creativity. When counseling village school masters to encourage children to use their faculties of observation, she sounds like a modern educator. Her insistence on classifying the problems of the needy in   order to devise a procreate treatment is similar to the approach of modern social workers. In sum, although Nightingale may not have achieved all of her goals during the Crimean War, her breadth of vision and ability to realize ambitious projects have earned her an eminent place among the ranks of social pioneers.

 

  1. much worse for the soldiers than for the civilians

  2. far superior to that of other countries

  3. as bad as that of the battlefields

  4. uniformly unsatisfactory in England and Europe


Correct Option: A

The passage upholds the view of

Directions: Read the passage and answer the following questions.

Passage I
Mahatma Gandhi exercised leadership through his personal example and influence rather than through power. But would his style of leadership have worked in the West? Gandhi's example, even more than those of Lincoln, de Gaulle and Hitler, reveals the extent to which leadership is bound up with culture. For a long time the word 'culture' was used mainly as a synonym for Western civilization - the secular process of human development. In England it acquired definite class associations. But in the late eighteenth century the German writer Johann Herder challenged this view, 'Nothing is more indeterminate than this word, 'he wrote, 'and nothing more deceptive than its application to all nations and periods. 'Herder attacked the comfortable assumption that the self-development of humanity had moved in a unilinear progression to flower in the European culture around him. Indeed, he attacked the European assumption of cultural superiority.

Men of all the quarters of the globe, who have perished over the ages, you have not lived solely to. manure the earth with your ashes, so .that at the end of time your prosperity should be made happy by European culture majesty of Nature. It is then necessary, he concluded, to talk of 'cultures' in the plural: the specific and variable cultures of different natures and period, and even the sub-cultures (as we call them) of different social groups within the nation In India, the equivalent of leader is the word neta. In its positive sense it is used for a person who commands respect and even &w€: and has charismatic qualities about him. Because of the misdeeds and misdemeanors of some of the political leaders in the post-Independence era, the word has also come td be used as a taunt for those who pose as leaders but are not accepted as such. In India, the test of leadership lies in personal example, inspirational image and acceptance of the leaders qualities and attributes by the followers.
  1. cultural pluralism

  2. the European path of civilizational growth

  3. the strength of Western assumptions of cultural superiority

  4. the incompatibility of Western and Eastern cultures


Correct Option: A

The above passage aims to prove that leadership is a question of

Directions: Read the passage and answer the following questions.

Passage I
Mahatma Gandhi exercised leadership through his personal example and influence rather than through power. But would his style of leadership have worked in the West? Gandhi's example, even more than those of Lincoln, de Gaulle and Hitler, reveals the extent to which leadership is bound up with culture. For a long time the word 'culture' was used mainly as a synonym for Western civilization - the secular process of human development. In England it acquired definite class associations. But in the late eighteenth century the German writer Johann Herder challenged this view, 'Nothing is more indeterminate than this word, 'he wrote, 'and nothing more deceptive than its application to all nations and periods. 'Herder attacked the comfortable assumption that the self-development of humanity had moved in a unilinear progression to flower in the European culture around him. Indeed, he attacked the European assumption of cultural superiority.

Men of all the quarters of the globe, who have perished over the ages, you have not lived solely to. manure the earth with your ashes, so .that at the end of time your prosperity should be made happy by European culture majesty of Nature. It is then necessary, he concluded, to talk of 'cultures' in the plural: the specific and variable cultures of different natures and period, and even the sub-cultures (as we call them) of different social groups within the nation In India, the equivalent of leader is the word neta. In its positive sense it is used for a person who commands respect and even &w€: and has charismatic qualities about him. Because of the misdeeds and misdemeanors of some of the political leaders in the post-Independence era, the word has also come td be used as a taunt for those who pose as leaders but are not accepted as such. In India, the test of leadership lies in personal example, inspirational image and acceptance of the leaders qualities and attributes by the followers.
  1. power as displayed by the leader

  2. power that is rooted in a culture

  3. personal influence rather than power

  4. charisma that draws larger number of followers


Correct Option: B

The author of the passage

Directions: Read the passage and answer the following questions.

Passage II
Two recent publications offer different assessments of the career of the famous British nurse Florence Nightingale. A book by Andy Summers seeks to debunk the idealization and present a reality at odds with Nightingale's heroic reputation. According to Summers, Nightingale's importance during the Crimean War has been exaggerated: not until the War's end did she become supervisor of the female nurses. In addition, Summers writes that the contribution of the nurses to the relief of the wounded was at best marginal, The prevailing problems of military medicine were caused by army organizational practices, and the addition offered by few nurses to the medical staff could be no more than symbolic. Nightingale's place 'in the national pantheon, Summers asserts, is largely due to the propagandistic efforts of contemporary newspaper reporters.

By contrast, the editors of a new volume of Nightingale's letters view Nightingale as a person who significantly influenced not only her own age but also subsequent generations' They highlight her ongoing efforts to reform sanitary conditions after the War. For example, when she learned that peacetime living conditions in British barracks were so horrible that the death rate of enlisted men far exceeded that of the neighbouring civilian population, she succeeded in persuading the government to establish a Royal Commission on the Health of the Army. She used sums raised through public contributions to found a nurses training hospital in London. Even in administrative matters, the editors assert, her practical intelligence was formidable: as recently as 1947 the British army's medical services were still using the cost accounting system she had devised in the eighteen sixties.

I believe that the evidence of her letters supports continued respect for Nightingale's brilliance and creativity. When counseling village school masters to encourage children to use their faculties of observation, she sounds like a modern educator. Her insistence on classifying the problems of the needy in   order to devise a procreate treatment is similar to the approach of modern social workers. In sum, although Nightingale may not have achieved all of her goals during the Crimean War, her breadth of vision and ability to realize ambitious projects have earned her an eminent place among the ranks of social pioneers.

 

  1. totally rejects the assessment of Nightingale by Summers

  2. fully endorses the views of the editors of Nightingale's letters

  3. views Nightingale's efforts as premature

  4. acknowledges the modern thinking and creative brilliance of Nightingale though she might not have achieved all her goals


Correct Option: D

The most suitable title of the passage would be

Directions: Read the passage and answer the following questions.

Passage I
Mahatma Gandhi exercised leadership through his personal example and influence rather than through power. But would his style of leadership have worked in the West? Gandhi's example, even more than those of Lincoln, de Gaulle and Hitler, reveals the extent to which leadership is bound up with culture. For a long time the word 'culture' was used mainly as a synonym for Western civilization - the secular process of human development. In England it acquired definite class associations. But in the late eighteenth century the German writer Johann Herder challenged this view, 'Nothing is more indeterminate than this word, 'he wrote, 'and nothing more deceptive than its application to all nations and periods. 'Herder attacked the comfortable assumption that the self-development of humanity had moved in a unilinear progression to flower in the European culture around him. Indeed, he attacked the European assumption of cultural superiority.

Men of all the quarters of the globe, who have perished over the ages, you have not lived solely to. manure the earth with your ashes, so .that at the end of time your prosperity should be made happy by European culture majesty of Nature. It is then necessary, he concluded, to talk of 'cultures' in the plural: the specific and variable cultures of different natures and period, and even the sub-cultures (as we call them) of different social groups within the nation In India, the equivalent of leader is the word neta. In its positive sense it is used for a person who commands respect and even &w€: and has charismatic qualities about him. Because of the misdeeds and misdemeanors of some of the political leaders in the post-Independence era, the word has also come td be used as a taunt for those who pose as leaders but are not accepted as such. In India, the test of leadership lies in personal example, inspirational image and acceptance of the leaders qualities and attributes by the followers.
  1. Different types of Leadership

  2. Cultures and Civilisation

  3. Leadership style of Mahatma Gandhi

  4. Power and Political Leadership


Correct Option: B

In the final analysis, the author of the passage

Directions: Read the passage and answer the following questions.

Passage II
Two recent publications offer different assessments of the career of the famous British nurse Florence Nightingale. A book by Andy Summers seeks to debunk the idealization and present a reality at odds with Nightingale's heroic reputation. According to Summers, Nightingale's importance during the Crimean War has been exaggerated: not until the War's end did she become supervisor of the female nurses. In addition, Summers writes that the contribution of the nurses to the relief of the wounded was at best marginal, The prevailing problems of military medicine were caused by army organizational practices, and the addition offered by few nurses to the medical staff could be no more than symbolic. Nightingale's place 'in the national pantheon, Summers asserts, is largely due to the propagandistic efforts of contemporary newspaper reporters.

By contrast, the editors of a new volume of Nightingale's letters view Nightingale as a person who significantly influenced not only her own age but also subsequent generations' They highlight her ongoing efforts to reform sanitary conditions after the War. For example, when she learned that peacetime living conditions in British barracks were so horrible that the death rate of enlisted men far exceeded that of the neighbouring civilian population, she succeeded in persuading the government to establish a Royal Commission on the Health of the Army. She used sums raised through public contributions to found a nurses training hospital in London. Even in administrative matters, the editors assert, her practical intelligence was formidable: as recently as 1947 the British army's medical services were still using the cost accounting system she had devised in the eighteen sixties.

I believe that the evidence of her letters supports continued respect for Nightingale's brilliance and creativity. When counseling village school masters to encourage children to use their faculties of observation, she sounds like a modern educator. Her insistence on classifying the problems of the needy in   order to devise a procreate treatment is similar to the approach of modern social workers. In sum, although Nightingale may not have achieved all of her goals during the Crimean War, her breadth of vision and ability to realize ambitious projects have earned her an eminent place among the ranks of social pioneers.

 

  1. merely summarises the two assessments of Nightingale

  2. refutes Summer's arguments point by point

  3. completely agrees with the second assessment

  4. gives a balanced judgment of Nightingale


Correct Option: D

The author disagrees with the view that

Directions: Read the passage and answer the following questions.

Passage I
Mahatma Gandhi exercised leadership through his personal example and influence rather than through power. But would his style of leadership have worked in the West? Gandhi's example, even more than those of Lincoln, de Gaulle and Hitler, reveals the extent to which leadership is bound up with culture. For a long time the word 'culture' was used mainly as a synonym for Western civilization - the secular process of human development. In England it acquired definite class associations. But in the late eighteenth century the German writer Johann Herder challenged this view, 'Nothing is more indeterminate than this word, 'he wrote, 'and nothing more deceptive than its application to all nations and periods. 'Herder attacked the comfortable assumption that the self-development of humanity had moved in a unilinear progression to flower in the European culture around him. Indeed, he attacked the European assumption of cultural superiority.

Men of all the quarters of the globe, who have perished over the ages, you have not lived solely to. manure the earth with your ashes, so .that at the end of time your prosperity should be made happy by European culture majesty of Nature. It is then necessary, he concluded, to talk of 'cultures' in the plural: the specific and variable cultures of different natures and period, and even the sub-cultures (as we call them) of different social groups within the nation In India, the equivalent of leader is the word neta. In its positive sense it is used for a person who commands respect and even &w€: and has charismatic qualities about him. Because of the misdeeds and misdemeanors of some of the political leaders in the post-Independence era, the word has also come td be used as a taunt for those who pose as leaders but are not accepted as such. In India, the test of leadership lies in personal example, inspirational image and acceptance of the leaders qualities and attributes by the followers.
  1. culture is the synonym of western civilization

  2. development of civilization was not unilinear

  3. Europeans thought that they were culturally superior to others

  4. there are cultures and sub - cultures of different periods and nations


Correct Option: A

Andy Summers argues that the Nightingale's heroic reputation was due to

Directions: Read the passage and answer the following questions.

Passage II
Two recent publications offer different assessments of the career of the famous British nurse Florence Nightingale. A book by Andy Summers seeks to debunk the idealization and present a reality at odds with Nightingale's heroic reputation. According to Summers, Nightingale's importance during the Crimean War has been exaggerated: not until the War's end did she become supervisor of the female nurses. In addition, Summers writes that the contribution of the nurses to the relief of the wounded was at best marginal, The prevailing problems of military medicine were caused by army organizational practices, and the addition offered by few nurses to the medical staff could be no more than symbolic. Nightingale's place 'in the national pantheon, Summers asserts, is largely due to the propagandistic efforts of contemporary newspaper reporters.

By contrast, the editors of a new volume of Nightingale's letters view Nightingale as a person who significantly influenced not only her own age but also subsequent generations' They highlight her ongoing efforts to reform sanitary conditions after the War. For example, when she learned that peacetime living conditions in British barracks were so horrible that the death rate of enlisted men far exceeded that of the neighbouring civilian population, she succeeded in persuading the government to establish a Royal Commission on the Health of the Army. She used sums raised through public contributions to found a nurses training hospital in London. Even in administrative matters, the editors assert, her practical intelligence was formidable: as recently as 1947 the British army's medical services were still using the cost accounting system she had devised in the eighteen sixties.

I believe that the evidence of her letters supports continued respect for Nightingale's brilliance and creativity. When counseling village school masters to encourage children to use their faculties of observation, she sounds like a modern educator. Her insistence on classifying the problems of the needy in   order to devise a procreate treatment is similar to the approach of modern social workers. In sum, although Nightingale may not have achieved all of her goals during the Crimean War, her breadth of vision and ability to realize ambitious projects have earned her an eminent place among the ranks of social pioneers.

 

  1. her heroic role in the Crimean War

  2. her supervisory role in guiding female nurses

  3. her contribution to the relief of the wounded soldiers

  4. the exaggerated accounts of her work by the contemporary newspapers


Correct Option: D

The editors of a new volume of Nightingale's letters credit her

Directions: Read the passage and answer the following questions.

Passage II
Two recent publications offer different assessments of the career of the famous British nurse Florence Nightingale. A book by Andy Summers seeks to debunk the idealization and present a reality at odds with Nightingale's heroic reputation. According to Summers, Nightingale's importance during the Crimean War has been exaggerated: not until the War's end did she become supervisor of the female nurses. In addition, Summers writes that the contribution of the nurses to the relief of the wounded was at best marginal, The prevailing problems of military medicine were caused by army organizational practices, and the addition offered by few nurses to the medical staff could be no more than symbolic. Nightingale's place 'in the national pantheon, Summers asserts, is largely due to the propagandistic efforts of contemporary newspaper reporters.

By contrast, the editors of a new volume of Nightingale's letters view Nightingale as a person who significantly influenced not only her own age but also subsequent generations' They highlight her ongoing efforts to reform sanitary conditions after the War. For example, when she learned that peacetime living conditions in British barracks were so horrible that the death rate of enlisted men far exceeded that of the neighbouring civilian population, she succeeded in persuading the government to establish a Royal Commission on the Health of the Army. She used sums raised through public contributions to found a nurses training hospital in London. Even in administrative matters, the editors assert, her practical intelligence was formidable: as recently as 1947 the British army's medical services were still using the cost accounting system she had devised in the eighteen sixties.

I believe that the evidence of her letters supports continued respect for Nightingale's brilliance and creativity. When counseling village school masters to encourage children to use their faculties of observation, she sounds like a modern educator. Her insistence on classifying the problems of the needy in   order to devise a procreate treatment is similar to the approach of modern social workers. In sum, although Nightingale may not have achieved all of her goals during the Crimean War, her breadth of vision and ability to realize ambitious projects have earned her an eminent place among the ranks of social pioneers.

 

  1. for saving many British soldiers in the Crimean War

  2. for developing curriculum for training nurses

  3. for appointing more women doctors in British hospitals

  4. for persuading the government to set up a Royal Commission on the health of the army


Correct Option: D

The original meaning of the word 'neta' refers to

Directions: Read the passage and answer the following questions.

Passage I
Mahatma Gandhi exercised leadership through his personal example and influence rather than through power. But would his style of leadership have worked in the West? Gandhi's example, even more than those of Lincoln, de Gaulle and Hitler, reveals the extent to which leadership is bound up with culture. For a long time the word 'culture' was used mainly as a synonym for Western civilization - the secular process of human development. In England it acquired definite class associations. But in the late eighteenth century the German writer Johann Herder challenged this view, 'Nothing is more indeterminate than this word, 'he wrote, 'and nothing more deceptive than its application to all nations and periods. 'Herder attacked the comfortable assumption that the self-development of humanity had moved in a unilinear progression to flower in the European culture around him. Indeed, he attacked the European assumption of cultural superiority.

Men of all the quarters of the globe, who have perished over the ages, you have not lived solely to. manure the earth with your ashes, so .that at the end of time your prosperity should be made happy by European culture majesty of Nature. It is then necessary, he concluded, to talk of 'cultures' in the plural: the specific and variable cultures of different natures and period, and even the sub-cultures (as we call them) of different social groups within the nation In India, the equivalent of leader is the word neta. In its positive sense it is used for a person who commands respect and even &w€: and has charismatic qualities about him. Because of the misdeeds and misdemeanors of some of the political leaders in the post-Independence era, the word has also come td be used as a taunt for those who pose as leaders but are not accepted as such. In India, the test of leadership lies in personal example, inspirational image and acceptance of the leaders qualities and attributes by the followers.
  1. the born superiority of an aristocrat

  2. the ability of one to organize people using power

  3. the charismatic person who commands respect through personal qualities

  4. anyone who collects a few people around and dictates his terms to others


Correct Option: C

The main objective of the passage is

Directions: Read the passage and answer the following questions.

Passage II
Two recent publications offer different assessments of the career of the famous British nurse Florence Nightingale. A book by Andy Summers seeks to debunk the idealization and present a reality at odds with Nightingale's heroic reputation. According to Summers, Nightingale's importance during the Crimean War has been exaggerated: not until the War's end did she become supervisor of the female nurses. In addition, Summers writes that the contribution of the nurses to the relief of the wounded was at best marginal, The prevailing problems of military medicine were caused by army organizational practices, and the addition offered by few nurses to the medical staff could be no more than symbolic. Nightingale's place 'in the national pantheon, Summers asserts, is largely due to the propagandistic efforts of contemporary newspaper reporters.

By contrast, the editors of a new volume of Nightingale's letters view Nightingale as a person who significantly influenced not only her own age but also subsequent generations' They highlight her ongoing efforts to reform sanitary conditions after the War. For example, when she learned that peacetime living conditions in British barracks were so horrible that the death rate of enlisted men far exceeded that of the neighbouring civilian population, she succeeded in persuading the government to establish a Royal Commission on the Health of the Army. She used sums raised through public contributions to found a nurses training hospital in London. Even in administrative matters, the editors assert, her practical intelligence was formidable: as recently as 1947 the British army's medical services were still using the cost accounting system she had devised in the eighteen sixties.

I believe that the evidence of her letters supports continued respect for Nightingale's brilliance and creativity. When counseling village school masters to encourage children to use their faculties of observation, she sounds like a modern educator. Her insistence on classifying the problems of the needy in   order to devise a procreate treatment is similar to the approach of modern social workers. In sum, although Nightingale may not have achieved all of her goals during the Crimean War, her breadth of vision and ability to realize ambitious projects have earned her an eminent place among the ranks of social pioneers.

 

  1. to evaluate the historical place of Florence Nightingale as a social pioneer

  2. to highlight the propagandistic efforts of the British newspapers reporting on the work of Florence Nightingale

  3. to focus on the brilliance and creativity of Nightingale

  4. to moderate the exaggerated adulation of Nightingale


Correct Option: A
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