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Muscular System (GATE - XL)

Description: Muscular System, GATE - XL, Biology, Life Science
Number of Questions: 15
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Tags: Muscular System GATE - XL Biology Life Science The Skeletal System
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Which of the following muscles is used while smiling?

  1. Levator anguli oris

  2. Depressor anguli oris

  3. Levator labii superioris

  4. Depressor labii inferioris


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Levator anguli oris originates from maxilla and is used while smiling. It elevates the angle of mouth.

Which of the following muscles is involved in closing the eyelids of humans?

  1. Corrugator supercilii muscle

  2. Occipitalis

  3. Occipitofrontalis

  4. Orbicularis oculi


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Orbicularis oculi muscle closes the eyelids of humans.

Which of the following muscles is innervated by posterior auricular nerve?

  1. Superior tarsal

  2. Levator palpebrae superioris

  3. Occipitalis

  4. Superior oblique muscle


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Occipitalis muscle is innervated by the posterior auricular nerve.

Which of the following is the function of temporoparietalis muscle of ear?

  1. Boosting sound pressure

  2. Controlling ear elevation

  3. Dampening vibrations

  4. Dampening the noise produced by chewing


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

The temporoparietalis muscle controls ear elevation.

Muscle hypertrophy involves an increase in size of skeletal muscle due to growth in size of its competent cells. Which of the following contributes to sarcoplasmic hypertrophy?

  1. Increased myofibril size

  2. Increased supply of amino-acids

  3. Increased glycogen storage

  4. Increased muscle testosterone supply


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Sarcoplasmic hypertrophy is due to increased muscle glycogen storage. 

Which of the following muscles is not always present in the human body?

  1. Palmaris longus

  2. Fibularis longus

  3. Peroneus longus

  4. Adductor longus


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Palmaris longus is not always present in many human bodies. It is absent in about 14% individuals. It is found in wrist and the absence of this muscle has no effect on the grip.

The pain in muscles felt immediately after strenuous physical exercise is termed as

  1. immediate muscle soreness

  2. latent muscle soreness

  3. delayed onset muscle soreness

  4. acute muscle soreness


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Acute muscle soreness is the pain felt in muscles during and immediately after strenuous physical exercise. It subsides after some time.

Which of the following is the basic unit of striated muscle tissue?

  1. Myofibrils

  2. Myosin

  3. Sarcomere

  4. Tropomyosin


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Sarcomere is the basic unit of striated muscle tissue. It is composed of long, fibrous proteins as filaments that slide past each other when a muscle contracts or relaxes.

A neuromuscular junction is a specialised synapse between a neuron and the muscle it innervates. Which of the following diseases is caused by auto-antibodies to voltage gated calcium channels at the presynaptic side of the neuromuscular junction that leads to a reduction in the amount of acetylcholine released from nerve terminals?

  1. Congenital myasthenia

  2. LEMS (Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome)

  3. Myasthenia gravis

  4. Neuromyotonia


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Muscle weakness in LEMS is caused by auto-antibodies to voltage gated calcium channels at the presynaptic side of the neuromuscular junction.

Which of the following is the fibrous tissue envelope that surrounds the skeletal muscles?

  1. Endomysium

  2. Epimysium

  3. Perimysium

  4. Vastus lateralis


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Epimysium is the fibrous tissue envelope that surrounds the skeletal muscles.

Nebulette is a protein which belongs to the nebulin family of proteins. It is found in which of the following parts?

  1. Thigh

  2. Brain

  3. Heart

  4. Eyes


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Nebulette is a cardiac-specific isoform belonging to the nebulin family of proteins. It is found in the walls of heart.

Which of the following signifies cachexia?

  1. Process of deriving muscle tissues

  2. An autoimmune muscle disorder

  3. A body wasting syndrome

  4. A neuromuscular disease


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Cachexia is a body wasting syndrome characterised by loss of weight, muscle atrophy, fatigue, weakness and significant loss of appetite in a person who is not actively trying to lose weight.

Which of the following areas of the nervous system is involved in muscle memory?

  1. Spinal cord

  2. Medulla

  3. Cerebellum

  4. Cerebrum


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

The main area involved in muscle memory is the cerebellum.

Quadriceps femoris muscle is a muscle of thigh. It is the

  1. most physical work performing muscle

  2. strongest muscle by weight in the female human body

  3. strongest muscle by ability to exert force on external object

  4. strongest muscle by force exerted by the muscle itself


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

The strongest muscle is the quadriceps femoris, if strength refers to the force exerted by the muscle itself.

Which of the following laws states that "the maximum force one's muscles can exert decreases exponentially from the time one begins to continuously exert the force"?

  1. Lyon's law

  2. Rohmert's law

  3. Dollo's law

  4. Von Baer's law


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Rohmert's law states that the maximum force one's muscles can exert decreases exponentially from the time one begins to continuously exert the force. It is used to calculate the maximum holding time for a task.

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