forms a six carbon molecule that immediately breaks down into two three carbon PGA molecules

is a reaction assisted by large quantities of RuBP carboxylase enzyme

decreases cell carbon dioxide levels that increases the diffusion gradient

1, 2 and 3 are correct

immediately becomes a six carbon sugar that is the base for starch, sucrose, cellulose, etc.

Cactus

Corn

Rice

Wheat

Oak

photosystem I

photosystem II

ATP

NADP⁺

water

Ribulose bisphosphate (RuBP)

Phosphoglyceraldehyde (PGAL)

PEP carboxylase (PEPcase)

All of above

None of these

pigments, a reaction center and an electron acceptor

ADP, phosphate and hydrogen ions (H⁺)

protons, photons, and pigments

cytochromes only

both B and C are correct.

C3 plants are more successful in mild climates than C4 plants.

C4 plants contain chloroplasts only in some parts of their mesophyll cells.

C3 plants fix carbon dioxide in the mesophyll cells.

C3 plants make glucose in the bundle sheath cells.

The first carbon dioxide fixation product in a C4 plant is oxaloacetate.

Water and carbon dioxide

Water and oxygen

Oxygen and carbohydrate

Carbohydrate and water

None of these

split water

cause RuBP carboxylase to fix carbon dioxide

re-form the photosystems

convert PGA to PGAL

cause electrons to move along their pathways

protons

photons

electrons

wavelengths

none of these

Chloroplasts

Cytochromes

Movement of H⁺ into the thylakoid space

Absorption of solar energy

Formation of ATP

is the same as C4 photosynthesis

is an adaptation to cold environments in the southern hemisphere

is prevalent in desert plants that close their stomata during the day

occurs in plants that live in marshy areas

stands for chloroplasts and mitochondria

Plants only

Plants and algae only

Plants and some bacteria only

Plants, algae and some bacteria

None of these

Gamma rays are shorter in wavelengths than the visible light.

Only the visible portion of sunlight is used in photosynthesis.

Photons of ultraviolet light contain low energy, and so are harmless to cells.

Shorter wavelengths of radiation contain more energy than longer wavelengths.

None of these

Chlorophyll a

Chlorophyll b

Chlorophyll c

Carotenoid pigments

None of these

synthesis

logos

kytos

elektra

none of these

is not the same as that of carotenoids

approximates the action spectrum of photosynthesis

explains why chlorophyll is a green pigment

all of these are correct

shows that some colours of light are absorbed more than others

CAM plants

C3 plants

C4 plants

C5 plants

None of these

plant

light

green

photosynthetic

oxygen

They absorb only green wavelengths of light.

They absorb only yellow and blue wavelengths of light.

They reflect nearly all wavelengths of light.

They reflect green wavelengths of light.

None of these

The double membrane of the chloroplasts

A flattened disk or sac in the chloroplast

A central fluid filled space in the chloroplast

The cytochrome system in the membranes of the thylakoids

A stack of thylakoid membrane structures

A stack of thylakoid membrane structures

A central fluid filled space in the chloroplast

A flattened disk or sac in the chloroplast

The double membrane of the chloroplasts

The cytochrome system in the membranes of the thylakoids

It produces ATP.

It involves Photosystem I.

It produces NADPH.

It is believed to be the first of the two electron transport pathways.

None of these

A stack of thylakoid membrane structures

A flattened disk or sac in the chloroplast

The double membrane of the chloroplasts

The cytochrome system in the membranes of the thylakoids

A central fluid filled space in the chloroplast

Photosystem I passes electron on to photosystem II.

Each photosystem contains numerous pigment molecules that act as antennas to capture light.

Photosystem I contains a reaction center molecule that absorbs light best around 700 nm, so it is called P700.

Electrons in the reaction center molecule are excited by absorbing photons of light and are passed along to an acceptor molecule.

ATP

ribulose bisphosphate (RuBP)

phosphoglyceraldehyde (PGAL)

PEP carboxylase (PEPcase)

Carbon dioxide

It absorbs photons in Photosystem I.

It absorbs photons in Photosystem II.

It produces ATP.

It produces NADPH.

It produces carbohydrates through carbon dioxide fixation.

enter the photorespiration pathway

convert NADP to NADPH and generate ATP in the process

are small enough to diffuse back out through the lipid bilayer

raise the pH of the space until the processes stop

move from the thylakoid space to the stroma through an ATP synthase complex channel that generates ATP

ATP production

Production of oxygen

Carbon dioxide fixation

Carbon dioxide production

Removal of electrons from water for passage through an electron transport system

carbon dioxide in the air spaces in the leaf decreases

oxygen in the air spaces in the leaf increases

C3 plants carry on photorespiration using oxygen and produce PGA and carbon dioxide

all photosystems as well as photorespiration come to a halt

1, 2 and 3 are correct

In the non-cyclic photophosphorylation, water is split and oxygen is released.

Photosystem II makes non-cyclic photophosphorylation more efficient than does cyclic photophosphorylation.

The cyclic system is used when there is insufficient NADP⁺ to absorb electrons in plants cells.

More carbohydrate is produced during cyclic photophosphorylation than during non-cyclic photophosphorylation.

None of these