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General English (Railway Apprentice Exam)

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Directions: Select the antonym of the word given in capital letters.

Ellen will need to work on her ELOCUTION before she competes in the public speaking competition.

  1. Articulation

  2. Pronunciation

  3. Speech

  4. Silence


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Elocution is the form or ability of delivering a speech. 

Directions: Select the antonym of the word given in capital letters.

You need to have at least a RUDIMENTARY understanding of technology, before you can upload a video on that website.

  1. Complex

  2. Simple

  3. Early

  4. Rough


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Rudimentary means basic or simple.

Directions: Select the antonym of the word given in capital letters.

Any organisation with ARBITRARY powers can create chaos and disorder in the society.

  1. Erratic

  2. Capricious

  3. Consistent

  4. Despotic


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Something dependent upon someone’s will, without restriction, is arbitrary.

Directions: Select the antonym of the word given in capital letters.

The woman looked HAGGARD as she had spent day and night taking care of her ailing husband.

  1. Lean

  2. Starved

  3. Healthy

  4. Emaciated

  5. .


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Haggard means having a gaunt, sickly, lean appearance.

Directions: Select the antonym of the word given in capital letters.

The boy has admirable GUMPTION to face his bully.

  1. Initiative

  2. Resourcefulness

  3. Cowardice

  4. Prudence

  5. .


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Gumption means to have nerve and initiative to achieve something. 

Directions: Select the antonym of the word given in capital letters.

Take COPIOUS notes in class, so that you have plenty of review material for the test.

  1. Extensive

  2. Meagre

  3. Expansive

  4. Rich

  5. .


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Copious means abundant or large in number. 

Directions: Select the antonym of the word (occurring in the sentence in capital letters) as per the context.

The politician promised to answer all questions, which were PERTINENT to his campaign promises.

  1. Applicable

  2. Inapplicable

  3. Happy

  4. Solid


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Pertinent means something that relates directly or significantly to the matter.

Directions: The following sentence has been split into three parts - (1), (2) and (3). If there is any grammatical error in any of these parts, that is the answer. If there is no error, the answer is (4).

(1) Some of the guests might be important (2) to his future in politics, (3) but he was dressed to impress. (4) No error

  1. (1)

  2. (2)

  3. (3)

  4. (4)

  5. -


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

(3) is incorrect as the conjunction ‘but’ is used in a sentence to introduce something that is true in spite of either being or seeming contrary to what has just been said. In this context, this is incorrect as the conjunction ‘and’ should have been used. The conjunction ‘and’ is used to indicate an additional thing, situation or fact. It links words and phrases.

Directions: The following sentence has been broken into three parts - (1), (2) and (3). If there is any grammatical error in any of these parts, that is the answer. If there is no error, the answer is (4).

(1) The actor was happy that he got (2) the part in a movie (3) although the part was a small one. (4) No error

  1. (1)

  2. (2)

  3. (3)

  4. (4)

  5. -


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

 (b) is incorrect as there is incorrect article usage in this segment. The article ‘the’ is used to indicate a particular or specific noun. In this context, the ‘part’ in a movie has not been mentioned before. Thus, the correct article will be ‘a’.

Directions: The following sentence has been split into three parts - (1), (2) and (3). If there is any grammatical error in any of these parts, that is the answer. If there is no error, the answer is (4).

(1) As you miss a home or car loan installment, (2) not only are you slapped with a penalty, (3) but your credit score also suffers. (4) No error

  1. (1)

  2. (2)

  3. (3)

  4. (4)

  5. -


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

(1) is incorrect. The conjunction ‘as’ is used to indicate something that happens in spite of a stated fact. This is incorrect in this context. ‘If’ is the correct word in this context, which indicates a condition or qualification. ‘If’ is the condition of failing to pay the installment.

Directions: The following sentence has been broken into three parts - (1), (2) and (3). If there is any grammatical error in any of these parts, that is the answer. If there is no error, the answer is (4).

(1) He said that he was starting a new party, (2) unless the present party did not reflect (3) the views and aspirations of the cadres. (4) No error

  1. (1)

  2. (2)

  3. (3)

  4. (4)

  5. -


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

(b) is incorrect because the conjunction ‘unless’ is used to indicate a condition. In this context, the correct subordinating conjunction should be a word that indicates the cause and effect relationship between the clauses. ‘Because’ or ‘since’ will be correct in this context.

Directions: The following sentence has been split into three parts, (1), (2) and (3). If there is any grammatical error in any of these parts, that is the answer. If there is no error, the answer is (4).

(1) Despite India trying its best to prevent Chinese submarines (2) from stopping in Sri Lanka, (3) another Chinese attack submarine is docking in Colombo. (4) No error

  1. (1)

  2. (2)

  3. (3)

  4. (4)

  5. -


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

(c) is incorrect as ‘stopping’ is in the present participle. The corresponding verb in a sentence cannot end in present participle and should end in past participle. Thus, in this context, the corresponding verb ‘docking’ is incorrect. It should be ‘docked’.

Directions: The following sentence has been broken into three parts - (1), (2) and (3). If there is any grammatical error in any of these parts, that is the answer. If there is no error, the answer is (4).

(1) The story added to a growing debate (2) over whether the government (3) was failing in their most basic duties. (4) No error

  1. (1)

  2. (2)

  3. (3)

  4. (4)

  5. -


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

 (c) is incorrect as there is pronoun disagreement in this segment. The subject is ‘government’ which is a singular collective noun. The pronoun ‘their’ is used for plural possessive pronouns. The correct pronoun in this context is ‘its’.

Directions: The following sentence has been broken into three parts - (1), (2) and (3). If there is any grammatical error in any of these parts, that is the answer. If there is no error, the answer is (4).

(1) Government has permitted (2) the transfer of private land (3) to industrial, tourism and other purposes. (4) No error

  1. (1)

  2. (2)

  3. (3)

  4. (4)

  5. -


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

(b) is incorrect. The preposition ‘to’ in this segment is incorrectly used. ‘To’ is a preposition of direction however, in this context, the Government is permitting transfer of land ‘for’ different purposes. The preposition ‘for’ is used to indicate an intention of benefitting someone or something aimed at somebody. Here, it refers to the transfer with the aim of use in industrial, tourism or hydel purposes.

Directions: The following sentence has been broken into three parts - (1), (2) and (3). If there is any grammatical error in any of these parts, that is the answer. If there is no error, the answer is (4).

(1) It is said that in life, (2) be it friendships or fights, (3) nothing last forever. (4) No error

  1. (1)

  2. (2)

  3. (3)

  4. (4)

  5. -


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

 (c) is incorrect as there is subject verb disagreement in this segment. The subject ‘nothing’ is singular and the verb ‘last’ is incorrect. The third person present for singular is ‘lasts’. Thus, it is nothing
lasts forever.

Directions: The following sentence has been broken into three parts - (1), (2) and (3). If there is any grammatical error in any of these parts, that is the answer. If there is no error, the answer is (4).

(1) It is normal for your memory to deteriorate as you get older, (2) but there are some factors (3) who can accelerate this deterioration considerably. (4) No error

  1. (1)

  2. (2)

  3. (3)

  4. (4)

  5. -


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

 (c) is incorrect due to incorrect pronoun usage in this segment. The relative pronoun, ‘who’ is used for individuals. In this context, the noun ‘factors’ does not refer to humans, therefore, the correct
relative pronoun is represented by ‘that’.

Directions: The following sentence has been broken into three parts - (1), (2) and (3). If there is any grammatical error in any of these parts, that is the answer. If there is no error, the answer is (4).

(1) When she was youngest (2) my baby sister was incredibly innocent (3) and fell for all my tricks (4) No error

  1. (1)

  2. (2)

  3. (3)

  4. (4)

  5. -


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The correct comparative degree in this context is ‘younger’, not 'youngest'.

Directions: Select the synonym of the word given in capital letters.

The party clearly wants to use its share in power to expand its political CLOUT.

  1. Authority

  2. Prestige

  3. Influence

  4. Blow

  5. .


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

 In this context clout refers to influence, pull or muscle power through political power. Authority implies control, prestige implies fame. A blow by the hand or cuff is also called clout but, in this context the meaning referring to influence.

Directions: Select the synonym of the word given in capital letters.

The death sentence IMPOSED on five Indian fishermen by a Sri Lankan court for drug trafficking has added an unfortunate dimension to relations between the two countries.

  1. To take advantage

  2. To inflict as penalty

  3. To overlook

  4. To deceive

  5. .


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

 The correct synonym in this context is ‘to inflict penalty’. The penalty is the death sentence. An imposition in ‘taking advantage’ is to force (oneself, one's presence, etc) on another or others. Options c and d are not synonyms of imposed.

Directions: Select the synonym of the word given in capital letters.

This is a fundamental question for a country whose CORE objectives in foreign policy remain the promotion of democracy and the rule of law around the world.

  1. Pivot

  2. Cause

  3. Explanation

  4. Basic

  5. .


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

 A pivot is a pin point or shaft on which something rests and turns. A cause is a reason or motive for something. An explanation is a clarification. The correct word in this context is basic. This refers to the elementary or fundamental objectives of foreign policy.

Directions: Select the synonym of the word given in capital letters.

Policy measures and DILIGENT monitoring are needed to control the situation.

  1. Busy

  2. Constant

  3. Weary

  4. Clever

  5. .


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

 Busy is to be attentively engaged in work. Weary is tired and someone bright and ingenuous isclever. In this context the correct word is constant as something done with constant attention is knownas being diligent. Here it refers to constantly monitoring the given situation.

Directions: Select the synonym of the word given in capital letters.

Although I was ELATED about the trip, I was also nervous at the thought of flying for the first time.

  1. Enchanted

  2. Exalted

  3. Praised

  4. Happy

  5. .


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

 To be enchanted by someone is to be captivated by them. Someone that is exalted is held in highesteem or praised. The correct word in this context is to be happy. This refers to being happy about thesaid trip.

Directions: Select the synonym of the word given in capital letters.

The floodwaters are expected to RECEDE in a few days.

  1. Fade

  2. Taper

  3. Withdraw

  4. Advance

  5. .


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

 To fade is to lose colour and to taper is to become smaller at one end. The correct word in thiscontext is the withdrawal of flood water.

Directions: Select the synonym of the word given in capital letters.

The Pope is a VENERABLE leader, who is recognised for his commitment to helping others.

  1. Respected

  2. Grand

  3. Sedate

  4. Aged

  5. .


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

 The correct word in this context is respected as it refers to commanding respect due to high officeor noble character. Grand refers to impressive in size. Sedate is calm and aged is someone of old age.

Directions: Select the synonym of the word given in capital letters.

The DEPOSITION of the football coach has left the team without a leader.

  1. Dejection

  2. Impeachment

  3. Removal

  4. Ejection

  5. .


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

 Dejection is a feeling of despondency. An impeachment is the presentation of formal chargesagainst a public official. A trial is held after impeachment. Ejection refers to the act of expulsion. Thecorrect word in this context is the removal of the coach from his position.

Directions: Select the synonym of the word given in capital letters.

Riots in the name of religion are ABHORRENT to me.

  1. Loathsome

  2. Ugly

  3. Innocuous

  4. Attractive

  5. .


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The correct answer in this context is a feeling of strong dislike or hatred towards something. Something that is unpleasant to look at is ugly. Innocuous means something that does not cause offence to anyone and attractive means something that has  a pleasant appearance. In the given context, the reference is to an action that does not appeal. Thus, the correct answer is loathsome.

Directions: Select the synonym of the word given in capital letters.

Unpacking all these boxes is going to require a great deal of TENACITY.

  1. Perseverance

  2. Inflexibility

  3. Courage

  4. Timidity

  5. .


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

 The correct word in this context is perseverance. The quality of persevering and continuing with thetask of unpacking all these boxes in this case indicates diligence towards the task. Inflexibility is therigidness or being unable to change. Courage is bravery and timidity is its antonym.

Directions: Select the antonym of the word given in capital letters.

He is an ADEPT juggler who can easily manage four balls in the air without dropping one.

  1. Proficient

  2. Capable

  3. Incompetent

  4. Coarse

  5. .


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Being adept is being competent and proficient at something. 

Directions: Select the antonym of the word given in capital letters.

The finding of your fingerprint at the scene is INFALLIBLE evidence that you committed the crime.

  1. Dependable

  2. Conclusive

  3. Imperfect

  4. Accurate

  5. .


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Infallible means exempt from failure or error. Imperfect may be fallible.

Directions: Select the antonym of the word given in capital letters.

After he faked his death, he attended his own funeral INCOGNITO to see what people were saying about him.

  1. Anonymously

  2. Openly

  3. Disguised

  4. Privately

  5. .


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

 Being incognito is being hidden. The words anonymously and disguised are synonyms of incognito.The correct answer is openly as this is antonym of incognito. Privately is antonym of publicly or openly.

They are determined to _________ for their rights.

  1. stand by

  2. stand over

  3. stand in

  4. stand up

  5. .


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

The idiom ‘to stand up’ means to assert for something. This is the correct answer. The idiom ‘tostand by’ means to wait, ‘stand over’ means to be deferred or postponed. The idiom ‘to stand in’ forsomeone, means to substitute for someone.

He ________ answer for his misdeeds.

  1. might

  2. could

  3. ought

  4. shall

  5. .


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

 The auxiliary verb ‘shall’ is the correct answer. In the first person shall is used to indicate simplefuturity. It is used before a verb in the infinitive to shoe something that will take place in the future,something that is an order, promise, requirement or an obligation. The auxiliaries ‘could’, ‘might’, and‘ought’ indicate something that can either happen or cannot happen.

_________ you want to go home now?

  1. Did

  2. Do

  3. Does

  4. Have

  5. .


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

 The correct auxiliary verb in this context is ‘do’. Do is used for question or negative in simplepresent tense. Does is used in the third person singular and is thus, incorrect. Did is used in past tense.Have is used with a past participle to form the perfect aspect.

This book explains the topics, so that even a layman _________ understand.

  1. might

  2. may

  3. should

  4. shall

  5. .


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

The auxiliary verb 'may' is used to express contingency, purpose or result in clauses.

The car company has _________ all the models of last year.

  1. called up

  2. called back

  3. called off

  4. called down

  5. .


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

 Exp: The phrase ‘called back’ means to recall a defective product for repair. This is correct in thiscontext. To call up is to raise a topic for discussion. To call off is to cancel something and to call down isto reprimand someone for a mistake.

My friend is _________ about whether or not he should accept the job offer.

  1. down at heels

  2. cooling his heels

  3. dragging his heels

  4. digging in his heels

  5. .


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

 The correct idiom in this context is ‘dragging his heels’ as it means acting slowly or reluctantly.Down at heels is looking poor; cooling his heels is to be forced to wait by someone in authority. Diggingin one’s heels is refusing to change one’s mind or course of action.

Only men _________ go to a university in those days.

  1. should

  2. would

  3. could

  4. might

  5. .


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

 Exp: Should is used to express obligation or condition. Would is used to express an imaginary situation.Might is used in auxiliary function to express permission, liberty, probability, possibility in the past. Thecorrect answer is the auxiliary verb ‘could’ as it indicates ability or permission in the past. ‘Those days’ inthe sentence refer to the past times.

Directions: Fill in the blank with the correct preposition.

The trees were cut down to make way ________ the widening of the road.

  1. for

  2. to

  3. in

  4. about

  5. .


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The preposition ‘for’ indicates something that is intended to benefit somebody or something. In this context the tress were cut down so that the road could be widened. Thus, this is the correct answer. ‘To’ indicates the direction of something. ‘In’ indicates the state or condition that someone isexperiencing. ‘About’ indicates a connection with something.

Our boxers ________ in the knowledge that they did their best in the games.

  1. talk sense

  2. stand tall

  3. tell a tall tale

  4. are a tall order

  5. .


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

The idiom ‘stand tall’ means to feel pride and confidence in one’s abilities. 

His wife has ________ his business after his death.

  1. carried out

  2. carried away

  3. carried on

  4. carried off

  5. .


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

 The phrase ‘carried on’ means managed. This is correct in this context as his wifemanaged his after his death. To carry out is to execute something; to get carried away is tolose control. To carry off is to succeed in something.

Directions: Fill in the blank with the correct preposition.

The lock on the main door was broken _______ robbers.

  1. for

  2. in

  3. by

  4. from

  5. .


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Exp: ‘By’ is a preposition of agency or instrumentality. Thus, it is used to indicate a method or amedium. In this context the medium of the broken lock are the robbers. The preposition ‘for’indicates something that is intended to benefit somebody or something. ‘In’ indicates the stateor condition that someone is experiencing. ‘From’ indicates the usage, cause or distance ofsomething.

Directions: Fill in the blank with the correct preposition.

Today I met Shiva, who has just returned home _______ Goa.

  1. at

  2. from

  3. for

  4. towards

  5. .


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

 The preposition ‘from’ indicates the source or beginning of something in terms of location etc. Inthis context Shiva has returned home from Goa. ‘At’ indicates a general position or location that isoccupied. ‘For’ indicates something that is intended to benefit somebody or something. ‘Towards’, isused to indicate that somebody or something is moving or facing in the direction of somebody orsomething else.

I am doing some volunteer work at the hospital in order to _________ in the water and see if I like the medical field.

  1. go toe to toe

  2. get a toehold

  3. dip my toe

  4. tread on toes

  5. .


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

 To dip one’s toe is to slowly start to do something new to see if you like it. Thus, this is the correctoption in this context. To go toe to toe with someone is to be in direct and close confrontation withsomeone. To get a toehold is to find a starting point somewhere. To tread on toes is to offend someone.

Directions: Fill in the blank with the correct preposition.

Her cupboard is the cleanest thing ______ the house.

  1. at

  2. for

  3. of

  4. in

  5. .


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

 The correct answer in this context is ‘in’. ‘In’ indicates that something happens or issituated somewhere. In this context the cleanest place is inside the house. . ‘At’ indicates ageneral position or location that is occupied. ‘For’ indicates something that is intended tobenefit

Directions: Fill in the blank with the correct preposition.

Our data is based ________ empirical evidence, collected from numerous studies.

  1. at

  2. in

  3. on

  4. of

  5. .


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

The correct answer in this context id ‘on’. The preposition ‘on’ is used to indicate thatsomething is grounds for a statement, way of thinking, or action. Here it indicates that the datais based on empirical evidence. ‘At’ indicates a general position or location that is occupied. ‘In’indicates that something happens or is situated somewhere. ‘Of’ expresses the relationshipbetween a part and a whole.

Directions: Fill in the blank with the correct preposition.

My parents introduced me to people of various cultures _______ an early age.

  1. in

  2. on

  3. for

  4. at

  5. .


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

 In this context the correct answer is ‘at’. The preposition ‘at’ is used to indicate the time or agewhen something happens. Here it indicates the age when my parents introduced me to people ofvarious cultures, i.e. at an early age. ‘In’ indicates that something happens or is situated somewhere.The preposition ‘on’ is used to indicate that something is grounds for a statement, way of thinking, oraction. ‘For’ indicates something that is intended to benefit somebody or something.

Directions: Fill in the blank with the correct preposition.

Since you wrote a letter expressing remorse, I will forgive you and accept you back ______ my life.

  1. into

  2. from

  3. at

  4. out

  5. .


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

 Sol: The correct answer in this context is ‘into’. The preposition ‘into’ indicates entering a state, career,or period of time. In this case it refers to entering my life. Not physically but by becoming a part of it.The preposition ‘from’ is used for stating who gives or sends you something or provides you withsomething, i.e. the source of something. . ‘At’ indicates a general position or location that is occupied.‘In’ indicates that something happens or is situated somewhere. The preposition ‘out’ is incorrect as itrefers to the exit of something from somewhere.

Directions: Fill in the blank with the correct preposition.

Feeling guilty, the defendant confessed in front of everyone ______ the courtroom.

  1. on

  2. in

  3. above

  4. below

  5. .


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

 Exp: In this context the correct answer is ‘in’. The preposition ‘in’ is a preposition of place andindicates that something happens or is situated somewhere. Here the action takes place insidethe court room. The preposition ‘on’ is used to indicate that something is grounds for astatement, way of thinking, or action. Although both above and below are prepositions of placebut are incorrect in this context as the confession takes place inside the courtroom notphysically above or below it.

Directions: Fill in the blank with the correct preposition.

Kolkata is an important port _______ the river Hoogly.

  1. in

  2. on

  3. about

  4. for

  5. .


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

 The preposition ‘on’ is the correct answer in this context. ‘On’ indicates something that is located ina place or situated close to or alongside a place. Since, a port cannot be inside a river it is located near ariver. Thus, this is correct in this context. ‘In’ indicates inside something. ‘About’ indicates a connectionwith something or regarding something. ‘For’ indicates something that is intended to benefit somebodyor something.

Directions: Fill in the blank with the correct preposition.

Arya takes _______ me in his mannerisms.

  1. on

  2. into

  3. after

  4. about

  5. .


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

 The correct answer in this context is ‘after’. The preposition ‘after’ indicates something that isin imitation or in the manner of something else. Here it refers to my mannerisms. ‘On’ and ‘into’indicate the location of something. ‘About’ indicates a connection with something or regardingsomething.

Directions: One of the given four words can be used as a substitute for the stem.

A story that is short and amusing

  1. Legend

  2. Memoir

  3. Anecdote

  4. Narrative

  5. .


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

An anecdote is a short and amusing story. A memoir is a biography or an account ofhistorical events, especially one written from personal knowledge. A legend is a story aboutsupernatural, mythological, or legendary characters and events. A narrative is the part of aliterary work that is concerned with telling the story.

Directions: One of the given four words can be used as a substitute for the stem. Choose the correct one.

One who believes everything is predestined

  1. Fatalist

  2. Stoic

  3. Religious

  4. Calm

  5. .


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

 A fatalist believes everything is predestined in life. Someone who is unemotional, with endurance and patience is a stoic. Someone who believes in a religion is religious. Someone peaceful and quiet is called calm.

Directions: One of the given four words can be used as a substitute for the stem.

A person who has odd habits

  1. Anarchist

  2. Eccentric

  3. Crazy

  4. Boring

  5. .


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

 A person who has odd habits is an eccentric. Anarchist is somebody who believes that governmentsshould be abolished as unnecessary. Crazy is a term for somebody with a psychiatric disorder. A personor a situation that stimulates no interest or enthusiasm is called boring.

Directions: One of the given four words can be used as a substitute for the stem.

One who plays a game for pleasure and not professionally

  1. Apprentice

  2. Recruit

  3. Aspirant

  4. Amateur

  5. .


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

 An amateur plays a game for pleasure and not professionally. A recruit is someone who hasenlisted in the army. Somebody who is hoping to achieve distinction or advancement is an aspirant.Somebody being trained by a skilled professional in an art, craft, or trade is an apprentice.

Directions: One of the given four words can be used as a substitute for the stem.

A speech made without preparation

  1. Eulogy

  2. Debate

  3. Epilogue

  4. Extempore

  5. .


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

 Exp: A tribute to somebody who has recently died is a eulogy. A debate is an argument or aformal exchange of opinion. A speech at the end of a play is an epilogue. A speech made withoutpreparation is an extempore.

Directions: One of the given four words can be used as a substitute for the stem.

One who loves books

  1. Lecturer

  2. Savant

  3. Bibliophile

  4. Aficionado

  5. .


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

 A bibliophile loves books. A lecturer lectures to teach. A wise person is a savant.Somebody who is enthusiastic and knowledgeable about something is an aficionado.

What according to the author allows corruption to go unchallenged?

Directions: Read the passage carefully and answer the question that follows.

Corruption often goes unchallenged when people do not speak out about it. Witness accounts offer invaluable insights into corruption and are powerful tools in the fight against it. From exposing multi-million dollar financial scams to dangerous medical practices, whistleblowers play a crucial role in saving resources and even lives.
But in some countries, blowing the whistle can carry high personal risk – particularly when there is little legal protection against dismissal, humiliation or even physical abuse. Controls on information, libel and defamation laws, and inadequate investigation of whistleblowers’ claims can all deter people from speaking out.
Whistleblowers are less likely to report workplace misconduct when their employers do not provide clear internal reporting channels. And in some settings, whistle-blowing carries connotations of betrayal rather than being seen as a benefit to the public. Ultimately, societies, institutions and citizens lose out when there is no one willing to cry foul in the face of corruption.
Whistleblowers are invaluable in exposing corruption, fraud and mismanagement. Early disclosure of wrongdoing or the risk of wrongdoing can protect human rights, help to save lives and preserve the rule of law. When witnesses of corruption are confident about their ability to report it, corrupt individuals cannot hide behind the wall of silence.

  1. When people do not speak about it

  2. When people are not against it

  3. When laws do not protect whistleblowers

  4. When there is no legal protection for whistleblowers

  5. .


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The first sentence of the passage answers this question. Corruption often goes unchallenged whenpeople do not speak out about it.

‘Whistleblowers are invaluable in exposing corruption.’ What does ‘invaluable’ mean in this context?

Directions: Read the passage carefully and answer the question that follows.

Corruption often goes unchallenged when people do not speak out about it. Witness accounts offer invaluable insights into corruption and are powerful tools in the fight against it. From exposing multi-million dollar financial scams to dangerous medical practices, whistleblowers play a crucial role in saving resources and even lives.
But in some countries, blowing the whistle can carry high personal risk – particularly when there is little legal protection against dismissal, humiliation or even physical abuse. Controls on information, libel and defamation laws, and inadequate investigation of whistleblowers’ claims can all deter people from speaking out.
Whistleblowers are less likely to report workplace misconduct when their employers do not provide clear internal reporting channels. And in some settings, whistle-blowing carries connotations of betrayal rather than being seen as a benefit to the public. Ultimately, societies, institutions and citizens lose out when there is no one willing to cry foul in the face of corruption.
Whistleblowers are invaluable in exposing corruption, fraud and mismanagement. Early disclosure of wrongdoing or the risk of wrongdoing can protect human rights, help to save lives and preserve the rule of law. When witnesses of corruption are confident about their ability to report it, corrupt individuals cannot hide behind the wall of silence.

  1. Whistleblowers can become rich.

  2. Whistleblowers can prevent many misdeeds.

  3. Whistleblowers can assist in the enforcement of laws.

  4. Whistleblowers can help breach the wall of silence.

  5. .


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

 The last para of the passage gives this answer. Early disclosure of wrongdoing or the risk ofwrongdoing can protect human rights, help to save lives and preserve the rule of law.

The author says that whistleblowers do not report workplace misconduct as

Directions: Read the passage carefully and answer the question that follows.

Corruption often goes unchallenged when people do not speak out about it. Witness accounts offer invaluable insights into corruption and are powerful tools in the fight against it. From exposing multi-million dollar financial scams to dangerous medical practices, whistleblowers play a crucial role in saving resources and even lives.
But in some countries, blowing the whistle can carry high personal risk – particularly when there is little legal protection against dismissal, humiliation or even physical abuse. Controls on information, libel and defamation laws, and inadequate investigation of whistleblowers’ claims can all deter people from speaking out.
Whistleblowers are less likely to report workplace misconduct when their employers do not provide clear internal reporting channels. And in some settings, whistle-blowing carries connotations of betrayal rather than being seen as a benefit to the public. Ultimately, societies, institutions and citizens lose out when there is no one willing to cry foul in the face of corruption.
Whistleblowers are invaluable in exposing corruption, fraud and mismanagement. Early disclosure of wrongdoing or the risk of wrongdoing can protect human rights, help to save lives and preserve the rule of law. When witnesses of corruption are confident about their ability to report it, corrupt individuals cannot hide behind the wall of silence.

  1. the employers do not provide clear internal reporting channels

  2. there are connotations of betrayal connected to whistle-blowing

  3. there are libel and defamation laws

  4. there is a high personal risk

  5. .


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

 The first line of the third para gives the answer to this. Whistleblowers are less likely to reportworkplace misconduct when their employers do not provide clear internal reporting channels.

What deters people from speaking against corruption?

Directions: Read the passage carefully and answer the question that follows.

Corruption often goes unchallenged when people do not speak out about it. Witness accounts offer invaluable insights into corruption and are powerful tools in the fight against it. From exposing multi-million dollar financial scams to dangerous medical practices, whistleblowers play a crucial role in saving resources and even lives.
But in some countries, blowing the whistle can carry high personal risk – particularly when there is little legal protection against dismissal, humiliation or even physical abuse. Controls on information, libel and defamation laws, and inadequate investigation of whistleblowers’ claims can all deter people from speaking out.
Whistleblowers are less likely to report workplace misconduct when their employers do not provide clear internal reporting channels. And in some settings, whistle-blowing carries connotations of betrayal rather than being seen as a benefit to the public. Ultimately, societies, institutions and citizens lose out when there is no one willing to cry foul in the face of corruption.
Whistleblowers are invaluable in exposing corruption, fraud and mismanagement. Early disclosure of wrongdoing or the risk of wrongdoing can protect human rights, help to save lives and preserve the rule of law. When witnesses of corruption are confident about their ability to report it, corrupt individuals cannot hide behind the wall of silence.

  1. Connotations of betrayal

  2. Mismanagement of whistleblowers

  3. Corrupt individuals

  4. High personal risk

  5. .


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

 The second paragraph of the passage answers this question. It says blowing the whistle can carryhigh personal risk and can all deter people from speaking out.

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