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The Skeletal System (GATE)

Description: Proteins
Number of Questions: 15
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Tags: The Skeletal System (GATE) Zoology The Skeletal System
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In which of the following conditions does the spine of a person resemble an S or a C shape instead of a straight line?

  1. Pott's disease

  2. Lordosis

  3. Kyphosis

  4. Scoliosis


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

In scoliosis, the spine of a person resembles an S or a C shape instead of a straight line. It is caused due to congenital spine deformities, neuromuscular problems, genetic conditions or limb length inequality.

Bone cells release a hormone called osteocalcin. Which of the following functions is not performed by this hormone?

  1. Protein formation in associated muscles

  2. Calcium ion homeostasis

  3. Regulation of blood sugar

  4. Directing fat cells to release adiponectin


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Osteocalcin does not function in protein formation in associated muscles.

Sternal angle is a synarthrotic joint formed by the articulation of manubrium and body of the sternum. Which of the following vertebrae lies at the sternal angle?

  1. Third thoracic vertebra

  2. Fifth thoracic vertebra

  3. Sixth thoracic vertebra

  4. Seventh thoracic vertebra


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

The fifth thoracic vertebra lies at the sternal angle. 

Which of the following statements regarding the first rib is true?

  1. It has a complete costal facet on its body.

  2. It is at the level of pylorus.

  3. It is defined as the true rib.

  4. It is the shortest of all the ribs.


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

First rib is the shortest of all the ribs.

Which of the following bones separates nasal cavity from the brain?

  1. Ethmoid bone

  2. Hyoid bone

  3. Sphenoid bone

  4. Zygomatic bone


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Ethamoid bone separates nasal cavity from the brain. It is located at the roof of nose, between the two orbits.

In which respective ratio are the following bones arranged in human skull?

Inferior nasal concha, lacrimal bones, mandibles and vomer

  1. 1 : 2 : 2 : 1

  2. 2 : 1 : 2 : 1

  3. 2 : 2 : 1 : 1

  4. 1 : 2 : 1 : 2


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

The correct ratio is 2 : 2 : 1 : 1. There are two inferior nasal conchas, 2 lacrimal bones, 1 mandible and 1 vomer.

Which of the following is the unmineralised, organic portion of the bone matrix that is formed prior to the maturation of bone tissue?

  1. Osteoblast

  2. Osteoid

  3. Osteocyte

  4. Osteoclast


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

The unmineralised, organic portion of the bone matrix that forms prior to the maturation of bone tissue is called an osteoid. It makes up about fifty percent of bone volume and forty percent of bone weight.

There are seven processes projecting from the vertebrae. Which of the following processes have their facets directed forward, a little medialward and downward?

  1. Superior articular processes

  2. Inferior articular processes

  3. Transverse processes

  4. Spinous processes


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Inferior articular processes have their facets directed forward, a little medialward and downward. They are coated with hyaline cartilage.

Which of the following joints plays an important role in complex movements, like changing a bulb or painting a ceiling?

  1. Acromioclavicular joint

  2. Scapulocostal joint

  3. Suprahumeral joint

  4. Glenohumeral joint


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Suprahumeral joint plays an important role in complex movements while the arm is fully flexed at the glenohumeral joint, such as changing a light bulb or painting a ceiling.

Which of the following represents the lower end of the spinal cord?

  1. Coccyx

  2. Cauda equina

  3. Conus medullaris

  4. Filum terminale


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

The conus medullaris is the tapered, lower end of the spinal cord. It is present near vertebral levels L1 and L2 or even lower.

Bones are composed of calcium, chondroitin sulphate and hydroxyapatite. Hydroxyapatite is composed of calcium, oxygen, phosphorus and hydrogen. What percentage of calcium is present in the bones?

  1. 18.5%

  2. 41.4%

  3. 39.8%

  4. 70%


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Bones are made up of 39.8% calcium by mass.

The cartilaginous part of cranium forms bones at the base of skull. It is known as

  1. neurocranium

  2. viscerocranium

  3. splanchnocranium

  4. chondrocranium


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Chondrocranium is the cartilaginous part of skull which is present in the embryonic stage.

Which of the following structures provides support for the pelvic viscera (bladder, intestines and uterus)?

  1. Pelvic floor

  2. Pelvic cavity

  3. Perineum

  4. Pelvic girdle


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Pelvic floor functions in providing support for the pelvic viscera (bladder, intestines and uterus) in females.

In which of the following disorders does the fusion of any two of seven cervical vertebrae occur?

  1. Klippel–Feil syndrome

  2. Spina bifida

  3. Duane syndrome

  4. Sprengel's deformity


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

In Klippel–Feil syndrome, fusion of any two of the seven cervical vertebrae occurs.

The upper part of the sternum is quadrangular in shape that narrows from the top. It is called

  1. gladiolus

  2. manubrium

  3. xiphoid process

  4. clavicle


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

The upper part of the sternum, which is narrow in shape, is called manubrium.

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