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Biotechnology (GATE)

Description: Biotechnology BioinformaticsImmunologyBiochemistryMicrobiologyBiomolecules and Their ConformationChemical and Functional Nature of EnzymesProcess BiotechnologyAntibiotics and Pigments etc
Number of Questions: 16
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Tags: Biotechnology Bioinformatics Immunology Biochemistry Microbiology Biomolecules and Their Conformation Chemical and Functional Nature of Enzymes Process Biotechnology Antibiotics and Pigments etc
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Which of the following is not a pair of equivalent PAM and Blossum matrices?

  1. PAM100 and Blosum90

  2. PAM120 and Blosum80

  3. PAM160 and Blosum60

  4. PAM200 and Blosum45

  5. All are equivalent pairs.


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Correct answer. It is not a pair of equivalent matrices. PAM200 is equivalent to Blosum52. PAM250 is equivalent to Blosum45.

Which of the following are protoplast fusion inducing agents?

  1. Inactivated Sendai virus
  2. Colchicine
  3. Polyethylene glycol
  4. Ca2+ at alkaline pH
  1. Only 1 and 2

  2. Only 1, 2 and 3

  3. Only 1, 3 and 4

  4. Only 2, 3 and 4

  5. All are protoplast fusion inducing agents.


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Correct answer. Inactivated Sendai virus, Polyethylene glycol and Ca2+ at alkaline pH are all protoplast fusion inducing agents.

Which among the following proteins has the largest number of polypeptide chains?

  1. Ribonuclease A

  2. Lysozyme

  3. Chymotrypsin

  4. Hexokinase

  5. Glutamine synthase


Correct Option: E
Explanation:

Correct answer. Glutamine synthase is made up of twelve polypeptide chains.

Which among the following proteins is made up of five polypeptide chains?

  1. Myoglobin

  2. Hemoglobin

  3. Chymotrypsinogen

  4. RNA polymerase

  5. Titin


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Correct answer. RNA polymerase is made up of five polypeptide chains.

Which of the following statements are false?

  1. All T cells originate from haematopoietic stem cells in the bone marrow.
  2. All the blood grouping reactions are precipitation reactions.
  3. Idiotypic determinants of an antibody are associated with the variable region.
  4. The basis for blue-white screening with PUC vectors is intergenic complementation.
  1. Only 1 and 2

  2. Only 1 and 4

  3. Only 2 and 3

  4. Only 2 and 4

  5. Only 3 and 4


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Correct answer. Both the statements are false. All the blood grouping reactions are agglutination reactions. The basis for blue-white screening with PUC vectors is intraallelic complementation.

Which of the following is an example of copper containing metalloprotein?

  1. Ferritin

  2. Alcohol dehydrogenase

  3. Calmodulin

  4. Dinitrogenase

  5. Plasocyanin


Correct Option: E
Explanation:

Plasocyanin is an example of copper containing metalloprotein.

Which of the following is a pair of ketohexoses?

  1. Mannose and talose

  2. Sorbose and psicose

  3. Arabinose and xylose

  4. Ribulose and xylulose

  5. Erythrose and erythrulose


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Correct answer. Sorbose and psicose are examples of ketohexoses.

Match the entries in Column I (antibiotics) with that in Column II (their activity spectrum).

 
Column I
Column II
P. Actinomycin D 1. Antiprotozoal
Q. Amphotericin B 2. Antitumor
R. Rifamycin 3. Antituberculosis
S. Tinidazole 4. Antifungal
  1. P - 1; Q - 2; R - 3; S - 4

  2. P - 1; Q - 3; R - 2; S - 4

  3. P - 2; Q - 4; R - 3; S - 1

  4. P - 3; Q - 2; R - 4; S - 1

  5. P - 4; Q - 2; R - 1; S - 3


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Yes, it is the correct answer. Actinomycin D is a polypeptide antitumor antibiotic isolated from soil bacteria of the genus Streptomyces. Amphotericin B is an antifungal drug often used intravenously for systemic fungal infections. Rifamycin is typically used to treat mycobacterium infections, including tuberculosis and leprosy.  Tinidazole is an anti-parasitic drug used against protozoan infections.

Match the entries in Column I (amino acid) with Column II (single letter code).

 
Column I
Column II
P. Aspartate 1. N
Q. Glutamate 2. Q
R. Asparagine 3. D
S. Glutamine 4. E
  1. P - 1; Q - 2; R - 3; S - 4

  2. P - 2; Q - 1; R - 4; S - 3

  3. P - 3; Q - 2; R - 4; S - 1

  4. P - 3; Q - 4; R - 1; S - 2

  5. P - 4; Q - 3; R - 2; S - 1


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Correct answer. Single letter code for aspartate is D. Single letter code for glutamate is E. Single letter code for asparagine is N. Single letter code for glutamine is Q.

Which of the following statements is/are false regarding peptide linkage?

  1. C-N bond length in peptide link is intermediate in length between typical carbon-nitrogen single bond and carbon-nitrogen double bond.
  2. Peptide bond is planar.
  3. The two alpha-carbon atoms attached to C-N are always cis to each other.
  1. Only 1

  2. Only 2

  3. Only 3

  4. 1 and 2

  5. 2 and 3


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Correct answer. The two alpha-carbon atoms attached to C-N are always trans to each other (on the opposite side of the peptide linkage).

Which of the following antibiotics is used as a food preservative?

  1. Nisin

  2. Seromycin

  3. Tetracycline

  4. Candicidin

  5. Vancomycin


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Nisin is a polycyclic antibacterial peptide with 34 amino acid residue and is used as a food preservative.

Which of the following is a set of aminoglycoside antibiotics?

  1. Amikacin, Carbomycin and Kanamycin

  2. Amikacin, Gentamicin and Kanamycin

  3. Carbomycin, Erythromycin and Metacycline

  4. Carbomycin, Erythromycin and Gentamicin

  5. Erythromycin, Gentamicin and Metacycline


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Correct answer. Amikacin, Gentamicin, Kanamycin all are aminoglycoside antibiotics.

Match the entries in Column I and Column II.

 
Column I
Column II
P. Immunoglobulin G 1. Hemoprotein
Q. Casein 2. Flavoprotein
R. Succinate dehydrogenase 3. Phosphoprotein
S. Hemoglobin 4. Glycoprotein
  1. P - 1; Q - 2; R - 3; S - 4

  2. P - 3; Q - 1; R - 4; S - 2

  3. P - 4; Q - 2; R - 3; S - 1

  4. P - 4; Q - 2; R - 1; S - 3

  5. P - 4; Q - 3; R - 2; S - 1


Correct Option: E
Explanation:

Correct answer. Immunoglobulin G is an example of glycoprotein. Casein is an example of phosphoprotein. Succinate dehydrogenaseis an example of flavoprotein. Hemoglobin is an example of hemoprotein.

Match the entries in Column I (protein) and Column II (isoelectric point).

 
Column I
Column II
P. Urease 1. 5.0
Q. Hemoglobin 2. 6.8
R. Chymotrypsinogen 3. 9.5
S. Lysozyme 4. 11.0
  1. P - 1; Q - 2; R - 3; S - 4

  2. P - 2; Q - 1; R - 3; S - 2

  3. P - 3; Q - 2; R - 4; S - 1

  4. P - 3; Q - 2; R - 1; S - 4

  5. P - 4; Q - 3; R - 2; S - 1


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Correct answer. Isoelectric point of urease is 5.0. Isoelectric point of hemoglobin is 6.8. Isoelectric point of chymotrypsinogen is 9.5. Isoelectric point of lysozyme is 11.0.

Match the entries in Column I (coenzyme) and Column II (its dietary precursor in mammals).

 
Column I Column II
P. Coenzyme A 1. Vitamin B1
Q. Flavinadinine dinucleotide 2. Vitamin B6
R. Thiamine pyrophosphate 3. Vitamin B12
S. Pyridoxal phosphate 4. Vitamin B5
  1. P - 1; Q - 3; R - 2; S - 4

  2. P - 2; Q - 4; R - 1; S - 3

  3. P - 3; Q - 4; R - 1; S - 2

  4. P - 4; Q - 3; R - 1; S - 2

  5. P - 4; Q - 3; R - 2; S - 1


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Dietary precursor of coenzyme A is vitamin B5. Dietary precursor of flavinadinine dinucleotide is vitamin B12. Dietary precursor of thiamine pyrophosphate is vitamin B1. Dietary precursor of pyridoxal phosphate is vitamin B6.

ASSERTION (A): Gram-positive bacteria are generally resistant to complement-mediated lysis. REASON (R): In Gram-positive bacteria, thick peptidoglycan layer prevents insertion of membrane attack complex into the inner membrane.

Directions: In the following question there are two statements, Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Consider both the statements independently and mark your answer as under:

1. If A and R both are correct and R is the correct explanation of A
2. If A and R both are correct and R is not the correct explanation of A
3. If A is correct and R is incorrect 
4. If A is incorrect and R is correct
5. If A and R both are incorrect

  1. 1

  2. 2

  3. 3

  4. 4

  5. 5


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Assertion as well as reason statements are correct and R is the correct explanation of A. Gram-positive bacteria are generally resistant to complement-mediated lysis because thick peptidoglycan layer prevents insertion of membrane attack complex into the inner membrane.

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