Fill blank (vii).

Directions: Read the following passage having some numbered blanks.

A Braille embosser is an impact printer ___ (i) ___ renders text as tactile Braille cells. Using Braille translation software, a document can be embossed with relative ___ (ii) ___, making Braille production efficient ___ (iii) ___ cost-effective. Braille printers receive data ___ (iv) ___ computer devices and emboss that information in Braille ___ (v) ___ paper through the use of solenoids that control embossing pins. Braille printers usually print on heavyweight paper and use up ___ (vi) ___  pages for the same ___ (vii) ___ of information than pages printed on a regular printer. ___ (viii) ___ are also slower and noisier. Interpoint printers are Braille printers that emboss Braille ___ (ix) ___ both sides of a page. The price of a Braille printer is directly ___ (x) ___ to the volume of Braille it produces.

Fill blank (x).

Directions: Read the following passage having some numbered blanks.

A Braille embosser is an impact printer ___ (i) ___ renders text as tactile Braille cells. Using Braille translation software, a document can be embossed with relative ___ (ii) ___, making Braille production efficient ___ (iii) ___ cost-effective. Braille printers receive data ___ (iv) ___ computer devices and emboss that information in Braille ___ (v) ___ paper through the use of solenoids that control embossing pins. Braille printers usually print on heavyweight paper and use up ___ (vi) ___  pages for the same ___ (vii) ___ of information than pages printed on a regular printer. ___ (viii) ___ are also slower and noisier. Interpoint printers are Braille printers that emboss Braille ___ (ix) ___ both sides of a page. The price of a Braille printer is directly ___ (x) ___ to the volume of Braille it produces.

Fill blank (ix).

Directions: Read the following passage having some numbered blanks.

A Braille embosser is an impact printer ___ (i) ___ renders text as tactile Braille cells. Using Braille translation software, a document can be embossed with relative ___ (ii) ___, making Braille production efficient ___ (iii) ___ cost-effective. Braille printers receive data ___ (iv) ___ computer devices and emboss that information in Braille ___ (v) ___ paper through the use of solenoids that control embossing pins. Braille printers usually print on heavyweight paper and use up ___ (vi) ___  pages for the same ___ (vii) ___ of information than pages printed on a regular printer. ___ (viii) ___ are also slower and noisier. Interpoint printers are Braille printers that emboss Braille ___ (ix) ___ both sides of a page. The price of a Braille printer is directly ___ (x) ___ to the volume of Braille it produces.

Fill blank (i).

Directions: Read the following passage having some numbered blanks.

A Braille embosser is an impact printer ___ (i) ___ renders text as tactile Braille cells. Using Braille translation software, a document can be embossed with relative ___ (ii) ___, making Braille production efficient ___ (iii) ___ cost-effective. Braille printers receive data ___ (iv) ___ computer devices and emboss that information in Braille ___ (v) ___ paper through the use of solenoids that control embossing pins. Braille printers usually print on heavyweight paper and use up ___ (vi) ___  pages for the same ___ (vii) ___ of information than pages printed on a regular printer. ___ (viii) ___ are also slower and noisier. Interpoint printers are Braille printers that emboss Braille ___ (ix) ___ both sides of a page. The price of a Braille printer is directly ___ (x) ___ to the volume of Braille it produces.

Fill blank (viii).

Directions: Read the following passage having some numbered blanks.

A Braille embosser is an impact printer ___ (i) ___ renders text as tactile Braille cells. Using Braille translation software, a document can be embossed with relative ___ (ii) ___, making Braille production efficient ___ (iii) ___ cost-effective. Braille printers receive data ___ (iv) ___ computer devices and emboss that information in Braille ___ (v) ___ paper through the use of solenoids that control embossing pins. Braille printers usually print on heavyweight paper and use up ___ (vi) ___  pages for the same ___ (vii) ___ of information than pages printed on a regular printer. ___ (viii) ___ are also slower and noisier. Interpoint printers are Braille printers that emboss Braille ___ (ix) ___ both sides of a page. The price of a Braille printer is directly ___ (x) ___ to the volume of Braille it produces.

Fill blank (iii).

Directions: Read the following passage having some numbered blanks.

A Braille embosser is an impact printer ___ (i) ___ renders text as tactile Braille cells. Using Braille translation software, a document can be embossed with relative ___ (ii) ___, making Braille production efficient ___ (iii) ___ cost-effective. Braille printers receive data ___ (iv) ___ computer devices and emboss that information in Braille ___ (v) ___ paper through the use of solenoids that control embossing pins. Braille printers usually print on heavyweight paper and use up ___ (vi) ___  pages for the same ___ (vii) ___ of information than pages printed on a regular printer. ___ (viii) ___ are also slower and noisier. Interpoint printers are Braille printers that emboss Braille ___ (ix) ___ both sides of a page. The price of a Braille printer is directly ___ (x) ___ to the volume of Braille it produces.

Fill blank (viii).

Directions: Read the following passage having some numbered blanks.

With the exhilarating arrival of Mars Orbiter Mission today, India has joined the ___ (i) ___ of interplanetary nations. Actually, you ___ (ii) ___ argue that India's been interplanetary ever since Mars Orbiter Mission departed Earth's gravitational influence. Mars Orbiter Mission ___ (iii) ___ homegrown in India, built ___ (iv) ___ a successful and skilled Indian aerospace establishment, carrying Indian-built instruments and operated ___ (v) ___ Bangalore; the main foreign contribution to this mission's success has been the ___ (vi) ___ communications services of NASA's Deep Space Network, delivering Mars Orbiter Mission's ___ (vii) ___ to Earth. India has dared to do something ___ (viii) ___ was previously beyond its reach - and by daring, and then achieving it, India has ___ (ix) ___ its own possibilities. India created history today, becoming the first country to successfully get a spacecraft into the Martian orbit in its ___ (x) ___ attempt.

What is the basis of linguistics in the current era?

Directions: Read the following passage and answer the questions.

Morphology, the study of forms, is the branch of linguistics that deals with the internal structure of complex words. The term was first used in linguistics by August Schleicher in 1859. Linguists distinguish between simple words, which can be analyzed into meaningful parts. The world’s languages differ greatly in the complexity of their morphology. Languages also differ in the devices that are used to form complex words and the functions that this complexity serves. The study of morphology is one of the oldest branches of linguistics. The oldest known linguistic work, Panini’s grammar of Sanskrit, consisted entirely of morphology, and the classical Greek, Latin, and Semitic grammarians also concerned themselves largely with morphology. In modern-day linguistics, which began in the 19^th century, morphology is one of the core areas of grammar, along with phonetics, phonology, syntax, and semantics/pragmatics.

The oldest known linguistic work consisted entirely of which of the following?

Directions: Read the following passage and answer the questions.

Morphology, the study of forms, is the branch of linguistics that deals with the internal structure of complex words. The term was first used in linguistics by August Schleicher in 1859. Linguists distinguish between simple words, which can be analyzed into meaningful parts. The world’s languages differ greatly in the complexity of their morphology. Languages also differ in the devices that are used to form complex words and the functions that this complexity serves. The study of morphology is one of the oldest branches of linguistics. The oldest known linguistic work, Panini’s grammar of Sanskrit, consisted entirely of morphology, and the classical Greek, Latin, and Semitic grammarians also concerned themselves largely with morphology. In modern-day linguistics, which began in the 19^th century, morphology is one of the core areas of grammar, along with phonetics, phonology, syntax, and semantics/pragmatics.

What is the basis of difference in the world’s languages?

Directions: Read the following passage and answer the questions.

Morphology, the study of forms, is the branch of linguistics that deals with the internal structure of complex words. The term was first used in linguistics by August Schleicher in 1859. Linguists distinguish between simple words, which can be analyzed into meaningful parts. The world’s languages differ greatly in the complexity of their morphology. Languages also differ in the devices that are used to form complex words and the functions that this complexity serves. The study of morphology is one of the oldest branches of linguistics. The oldest known linguistic work, Panini’s grammar of Sanskrit, consisted entirely of morphology, and the classical Greek, Latin, and Semitic grammarians also concerned themselves largely with morphology. In modern-day linguistics, which began in the 19^th century, morphology is one of the core areas of grammar, along with phonetics, phonology, syntax, and semantics/pragmatics.

Why does the author think that only a few people take up a career in journalism?

Directions: Read the following passage and answer the given question. 

Writing is the premium example of innate skill and talent. Everybody can write but not everybody can be a writer. Only a few are skilled at clear communication and succinct expression and a majority of those few take up the very challenging career of journalism. The art of expression combined with fearless voice and the ability to research for the truth are the premium ingredients in the making of a journalist. And as the charm of this glorious career multiplies, gamut of opportunities is opening up.
Many who take the course do realise the challenges it poses and how competitive a field it is but very few know that there are a world of opportunities available to carve your own niche, says a professor at a top journalism college in India.

The phrase ‘gamut of opportunities is opening up’ in the passage means that

Directions: Read the following passage and answer the given question. 

Writing is the premium example of innate skill and talent. Everybody can write but not everybody can be a writer. Only a few are skilled at clear communication and succinct expression and a majority of those few take up the very challenging career of journalism. The art of expression combined with fearless voice and the ability to research for the truth are the premium ingredients in the making of a journalist. And as the charm of this glorious career multiplies, gamut of opportunities is opening up.
Many who take the course do realise the challenges it poses and how competitive a field it is but very few know that there are a world of opportunities available to carve your own niche, says a professor at a top journalism college in India.

Directions: In the following question, a sentence has been divided into three parts labelled (A), (B) and (C). Select the part having an error. If there is no error, then mark (D) as your answer.

Either of us (A)/ are not going to his (B)/ birthday party tonight. (C)/ No error (D)

Directions: In the following question, a sentence has been divided into three parts labelled (A), (B) and (C). Select the part having an error. If there is no error, then mark (D) as your answer.

The student, together (A)/ with his mother and teacher (B)/ are going to the principal’s office. (C)/ No error (D)

Directions: In the following question, a sentence has been divided into three parts labelled (A), (B) and (C). Select the part having an error. If there is no error, then mark (D) as your answer.

He said that (A)/ he shall go to Delhi (B)/ the next day. (C)/ No error (D)

Directions: In the following question, a sentence has been divided into three parts labelled (A), (B) and (C). Select the part having an error. If there is no error, then mark (D) as your answer.

After he had finished (A)/ his lunch, he would go (B)/ to play cricket. (C)/ No error (D)

Directions: In the following question, a sentence has been divided into three parts labelled (A), (B) and (C). Select the part having an error. If there is no error, then mark (D) as your answer.

While living in a society, (A)/ one ought to take care (B)/ of their neighbours. (C)/ No error (D)

Directions: In the following question, a sentence has been divided into three parts labelled (A), (B) and (C). Select the part having an error. If there is no error, then mark (D) as your answer.

On Sunday, Tom wrote his diary, (A)/ read a book and (B)/ was watching his favourite movie. (C)/ No error (D)

Directions: In the following question, a sentence has been divided into three parts labelled (A), (B) and (C). Select the part having an error. If there is no error, then mark (D) as your answer.

He walked brisk (A)/ so as to reach the (B)/ bus stand on time. (C)/ No error (D)

Directions: In the following question, a sentence has been divided into three parts labelled (A), (B) and (C). Select the part having an error. If there is no error, then mark (D) as your answer.

Rahul and me (A)/ went to the police station (B)/ with our lawyer. (C)/ No error (D)

Directions: In the following question, a sentence has been divided into three parts labelled (A), (B) and (C). Select the part having an error. If there is no error, then mark (D) as your answer.

The lavish party (A)/ was attended (B)/ by Sumit and I. (C)/ No error (D)

Directions: In the following question, a sentence has been divided into three parts labelled (A), (B) and (C). Select the part having an error. If there is no error, then mark (D) as your answer.

It could have been (A)/ him who threatened you (B)/ yesterday on the phone. (C)/ No error (D)

Directions: In the following question, a sentence has been divided into three parts labelled (A), (B) and (C). Select the part having an error. If there is no error, then mark (D) as your answer.

Rima told the police (A)/ that there had been a thief in (B)/ her house last night. (C)/ No error (D)

Directions: In the following question, a sentence has been divided into three parts labelled (A), (B) and (C). Select the part having an error. If there is no error, then mark (D) as your answer.

Mrs. Verma loves to read (A)/ books, to sew clothes (B)/ and to bake dishes. (C)/ No error (D)

Directions: In the following question, a sentence has been divided into three parts labelled (A), (B) and (C). Select the part having an error. If there is no error, then mark (D) as your answer.

He is a real (A)/ good teacher (B)/ of mathematics. (C)/ No error (D)

Directions: In the following question, a sentence has been divided into three parts labelled (A), (B) and (C). Select the part having an error. If there is no error, then mark (D) as your answer.

Both you and Anil was (A)/ absent from the school when (B)/ the teacher took the class test. (C)/ No error (D)

Directions: In the following question, a sentence has been divided into three parts labelled (A), (B) and (C). Select the part having an error. If there is no error, then mark (D) as your answer.

Dishonest businessmen continued to (A)/ horde cash in Swiss banks despite the (B)/ stringent laws of the land. (C)/ No error (D)

Directions: In the following question, a sentence has been divided into three parts labelled (A), (B) and (C). Select the part having an error. If there is no error, then mark (D) as your answer.

Chemistry is his favourite (A)/ subject as it is interesting, (B)/ challenging and excites him. (C)/ No error (D)

Directions: In the following question, a sentence has been divided into three parts labelled (A), (B) and (C). Select the part having an error. If there is no error, then mark (D) as your answer.

It should ever be (A)/ our constant endeavor (B)/ to please our parents. (C)/ No error (D)

Directions: Look at the underlined part of the following sentence. Below the sentence are given three possible substitutions for the underlined part. If one of them is better than the underlined part, indicate it as your response. Otherwise, ‘No improvement’ will be the answer.

H1N1 virus has caused a pandemic like situation through the country.

Directions: Look at the underlined part of the following sentence. Below the sentence are given three possible substitutions for the underlined part. If one of them is better than the underlined part, indicate it as your response. Otherwise, ‘No improvement’ will be the answer.

In consequence for his illness, he could not finish the work in time.

Directions: Look at the underlined part of the following sentence. Below the sentence are given three possible substitutions for the underlined part. If one of them is better than the underlined part, indicate it as your response. Otherwise, ‘No improvement’ will be the answer.

Concerning yesterday’s fire, there are many rumours in the bazar.

Directions: Look at the underlined part of the following sentence. Below the sentence are given three possible substitutions for the underlined part. If one of them is better than the underlined part, indicate it as your response. Otherwise, ‘No improvement’ will be the answer.

Chess appears to have originated in India or Persia.

Directions: Look at the underlined part of the following sentence. Below the sentence are given three possible substitutions for the underlined part. If one of them is better than the underlined part, indicate it as your response. Otherwise, ‘No improvement’ will be the answer.

His friends condoled him at his bereavement.

Directions: Look at the underlined part of the following sentence. Below the sentence are given three possible substitutions for the underlined part. If one of them is better than the underlined part, indicate it as your response. Otherwise, ‘No improvement’ will be the answer.

Whatever he does, he does with an eye to the main chance.

Directions: Look at the underlined part of the following sentence. Below the sentence are given three possible substitutions for the underlined part. If one of them is better than the underlined part, indicate it as your response. Otherwise, ‘No improvement’ will be the answer.

I am studying in this school since 2012.

Directions: Look at the underlined part of the following sentence. Below the sentence are given three possible substitutions for the underlined part. If one of them is better than the underlined part, indicate it as your response. Otherwise, ‘No improvement’ will be the answer.

My son is as tall as, if not taller, than the other boys in his class.

Directions: Look at the underlined part of the following sentence. Below the sentence are given three possible substitutions for the underlined part. If one of them is better than the underlined part, indicate it as your response. Otherwise, ‘No improvement’ will be the answer.

Ever I have seen such an exhibition of ill manners!

Directions: Look at the underlined part of the following sentence. Below the sentence are given three possible substitutions for the underlined part. If one of them is better than the underlined part, indicate it as your response. Otherwise, ‘No improvement’ will be the answer.

He was found guilty for manslaughter.

Directions: Look at the underlined part of the following sentence. Below the sentence are given three possible substitutions for the underlined part. If one of them is better than the underlined part, indicate it as your response. Otherwise, ‘No improvement’ will be the answer.

Due to its remoteness, this island is sometimes visited by the tourists.

Directions: Look at the underlined part of the following sentence. Below the sentence are given three possible substitutions for the underlined part. If one of them is better than the underlined part, indicate it as your response. Otherwise, ‘No improvement’ will be the answer.

There is no water in our colony for the past six days.

Directions: Look at the underlined part of the following sentence. Below the sentence are given three possible substitutions for the underlined part. If one of them is better than the underlined part, indicate it as your response. Otherwise, ‘No improvement’ will be the answer.

The Commissioner gave awards to such men as deserved them.

Directions: Look at the underlined part of the following sentence. Below the sentence are given three possible substitutions for the underlined part. If one of them is better than the underlined part, indicate it as your response. Otherwise, ‘No improvement’ will be the answer.

The people regarded him as an impostor and will have been calling him a villain.

Directions: In the following question, a sentence has been divided into three parts labelled (A), (B) and (C). Select the part having an error. If there is no error, then mark (D) as your answer.

If you do not work (A)/ hard, you will not (B)/ succeed in the exams. (C)/ No error (D)

Directions: Look at the underlined part of the following sentence. Below the sentence are given three possible substitutions for the underlined part. If one of them is better than the underlined part, indicate it as your response. Otherwise, ‘No improvement’ will be the answer.

The strikers at the automobile units in Manesar seem determined, and are not likely to give out.

Directions: Look at the underlined part of the following sentence. Below the sentence are given three possible substitutions for the underlined part. If one of them is better than the underlined part, indicate it as your response. Otherwise, ‘No improvement’ will be the answer.

Everyone was present at the party, along with Rahul as he stayed back at the hostel.

Directions: Look at the underlined part of the following sentence. Below the sentence are given three possible substitutions for the underlined part. If one of them is better than the underlined part, indicate it as your response. Otherwise, ‘No improvement’ will be the answer.

My mother impressed with us the value of discipline.

Directions: Select the word/phrase that is closest in meaning to the word/phrase given in capital letters.

The tactful shopkeeper managed to MOLLIFY the angry customer.

Directions: Look at the underlined part of the following sentence. Below the sentence are given three possible substitutions for the underlined part. If one of them is better than the underlined part, indicate it as your response. Otherwise, ‘No improvement’ will be the answer.

Shalu was given a cold shoulder by the rest of the class as they believe that her behaviour was an embarrassment to the entire class.

Directions: Look at the underlined part of the following sentence. Below the sentence are given three possible substitutions for the underlined part. If one of them is better than the underlined part, indicate it as your response. Otherwise, ‘No improvement’ will be the answer.

I spent two days in Jaipur, one of the most attraction cities in Rajasthan.

Directions: Look at the underlined part of the following sentence. Below the sentence are given three possible substitutions for the underlined part. If one of them is better than the underlined part, indicate it as your response. Otherwise, ‘No improvement’ will be the answer.

The consequence of his carelessness was that the game had been lost.

Directions: Select the word/phrase that is closest in meaning to the word/phrase given in capital letters.

It is very easy to ABDICATE the social responsibilities than to be a law abiding citizen.

Directions: Select the word/phrase that is closest in meaning to the word/phrase given in capital letters.

The unruly mob will DISSIPATE with the arrival of the riot police.

Directions: In the following question, a sentence has been divided into three parts labelled (A), (B) and (C). Select the part having an error. If there is no error, then mark (D) as your answer.

My mother believes that (A)/ we seldom or ever see those forsaken (B)/ who place their trust in God. (C)/ No error (D)

Directions: In the following question, a sentence has been divided into three parts labelled (A), (B) and (C). Select the part having an error. If there is no error, then mark (D) as your answer.

The perfume (A)/ you gifted to her (B)/ smells nicely. (C)/ No error (D)

Directions: Select the word/phrase that is closest in meaning to the word/phrase given in capital letters.

My CAPTIOUS boss is never satisfied with whatever my team does.

Directions: Select the word/phrase that is closest in meaning to the word/phrase given in capital letters.

These days, markets are flooded with discount offers to BEGUILE customers.

Directions: Select the word/phrase that is closest in meaning to the word/phrase given in capital letters.

When the schools were closed again due to cold wave, the students were ECSTATIC.

Directions: Select the word/phrase that is closest in meaning to the word/phrase given in capital letters.

The boys were thrown out of the theatre due to their BOORISH behaviour towards fellow viewers.

Directions: Select the word/phrase that is antonymous to the word/phrase given in capital letters.

The morbid atmosphere of the place was lightened a little when someone started to tell a few JOCULAR jokes.

Directions: Select the word/phrase that is closest in meaning to the word/phrase given in capital letters.

Most of the government schools are being run from the DECREPIT buildings.

Directions: Select the word/phrase that is antonymous to the word/phrase given in capital letters.

At the police station, the nods of both the warring parties represented their TACIT agreement to a cease fire.

Directions: Select the word/phrase that is antonymous to the word/phrase given in capital letters.

The beggar at the temple had a dull and VACUOUS expression on his face.

Directions: Select the word/phrase that is antonymous to the word/phrase given in capital letters.

After one of the guests drank too much, he acted UNCOUTH and passed rude comments at the host.

Directions: Select the word/phrase that is antonymous to the word/phrase given in capital letters.

Many ZEALOUS party workers braved cold and rain to listen to their leader at the gathering.

Directions: Select the word/phrase that is antonymous to the word/phrase given in capital letters.

Many GULLIBLE investors have lost huge amount of money by buying shares of the companies that exist only on paper.

Directions: Select the word/phrase that is antonymous to the word/phrase given in capital letters.

There was an uproar from the general public when the local television showed an INDIGENT boy being pushed out and slapped by the owner of a fast food joint.

Directions: Select the word/phrase that is antonymous to the word/phrase given in capital letters.

The soldier looked exhausted and HAGGARD after staying in the desert for weeks.

Directions: Select the word/phrase that is closest in meaning to the word/phrase given in capital letters.

At this stage of your career, you should not FALTER and should take the promotion.

Directions: Select the word/phrase that is closest in meaning to the word/phrase given in capital letters.

The ECCENTRIC man lived in his house with four cats and five dogs.

Directions: Select the word/phrase that is antonymous to the word/phrase given in capital letters.

He invested in property in ANTICIPATION of reaping good returns in future.

Directions: Select the word/phrase that is antonymous to the word/phrase given in capital letters.

We were told to leave the building as its collapse due to the earthquake was IMMINENT.

Directions: In the following item, there is a sentence, some parts of which have been jumbled up. You are required to rearrange these parts which are labelled P, Q, R and S to produce the correct sentence. Choose the correct option.

(P) kudos from the critics, the (Q) public hated the music (R) music director received (S) although the

Directions: In the following item, there is a sentence, some parts of which have been jumbled up. You are required to rearrange these parts which are labelled P, Q, R and S to produce the correct sentence. Choose the correct option.

The (P) one hand to the other (Q) barbarian watched him, casually (R) own dagger from (S) tossing his.

Directions: In the following item, there is a sentence, some parts of which have been jumbled up. You are required to rearrange these parts which are labelled P, Q, R and S to produce the correct sentence. Choose the correct option.

(P) barks loudly (Q) the brown dog (R) collar always (S) with the red

Directions: In the following item, there is a sentence, some parts of which have been jumbled up. You are required to rearrange these parts which are labelled P, Q, R and S to produce the correct sentence. Choose the correct option.

I (P) to your (Q) thank you (R) birthday party (S) for inviting me

Directions: In the following item, there is a sentence, some parts of which have been jumbled up. You are required to rearrange these parts which are labelled P, Q, R and S to produce the correct sentence. Choose the correct option.

(P) setting in the (Q) the sun was (R) west and the moon (S) was just rising

Directions: In the following item, there is a sentence, some parts of which have been jumbled up. You are required to rearrange these parts which are labelled P, Q, R and S to produce the correct sentence. Choose the correct option.

(P) in any field of human activity (Q) he was endowed (R) to win eminence (S) with gifts fitted

Directions: In the following item, there is a sentence, some parts of which have been jumbled up. You are required to rearrange these parts which are labelled P, Q, R and S to produce the correct sentence. Choose the correct option.

If (P) a servant, you’ll (Q) be treated (R) like a servant (S) you behave like

Directions: In the following item, there is a sentence, some parts of which have been jumbled up. You are required to rearrange these parts which are labelled P, Q, R and S to produce the correct sentence. Choose the correct option.

I (P) to Paris (Q) don’t know whether (R) London or go (S) to stay in

Directions: In the following item, there is a sentence, some parts of which have been jumbled up. You are required to rearrange these parts which are labelled P, Q, R and S to produce the correct sentence. Choose the correct option.

(P) to say (Q) pay the bill (R) she wanted him (S) that he would

Directions: In the following item, there is a sentence, some parts of which have been jumbled up. You are required to rearrange these parts which are labelled P, Q, R and S to produce the correct sentence. Choose the correct option.

(P) day (Q) going out (R) bad weather all (S) kept us from

Directions: Choose the correct option to fill in the blank.

Whatever he just said about you was all _________. Don’t believe him!

Directions: Choose the correct option to fill in the blank.

At the marriage function, he came wearing a ________ suit.

Directions: In the following item, there is a sentence, some parts of which have been jumbled up. You are required to rearrange these parts which are labelled P, Q, R and S to produce the correct sentence. Choose the correct option.

(P) english teachers (Q) an urgent need (R) there is (S) for qualified

Directions: Choose the correct option to fill in the blank.

The indiscriminate cutting of trees will eventually _________ the green cover.

Directions: Choose the correct option to fill in the blank.

The patient hoped that the homeopathic medicine would __________ the pain in his stomach.

Directions: The following passage consists of six sentences. The first and sixth sentences are given in the beginning as S1 and S2, respectively. The middle four sentences in each have been jumbled up. These are labelled P, Q, R and S. You are required to find out the proper sequence of the four sentences and indicate your answer accordingly.

S1: The first principal use of whale oil was as an illuminant in lamps and as candle wax. S2: And before general refining of crude oil commenced in Oil Creek Valley and elsewhere. P: It did not have a disagreeable odour like the oil from right whales did. Q: The whale fishery, however, was in a declining state and had been so a decade or more before Drake struck petroleum in his drilled well. R: In the 1700's, it was noted that the burning oil from sperm whales glowed brightly and clearly S: The sperm whale was the main whale being sought for its oil when the petroleum industry opened in 1859.

Directions: The following passage consists of six sentences. The first and sixth sentences are given in the beginning as S1 and S2, respectively. The middle four sentences in each have been jumbled up. These are labelled P, Q, R and S. You are required to find out the proper sequence of the four sentences and indicate your answer accordingly.

S1: Education is a vast field and the most important one. S2: It makes him a functional part of the society. P: Good education is based on the fact that not only knowledge or skills are imparted while teaching, but suitable values are also inculcated in a person. Q: Around the world, much emphasis is laid on making a strong base by teaching subjects like languages, science, mathematics, arts and history. R: On growing up, it is a matter of choice of the person to take up whatever field he thinks he likes better. S: It is the studying, understanding, learning and then implementing the knowledge or skills in our lives.

Directions: The following passage consists of six sentences. The first and sixth sentences are given in the beginning as S1 and S2, respectively. The middle four sentences in each have been jumbled up. These are labelled P, Q, R and S. You are required to find out the proper sequence of the four sentences and indicate your answer accordingly.

S1: The twentieth century seems to us a glorious age and we pride ourselves on its achievements. S2: The wonders and miracles of science would justify us in paying a tribute to modern civilisation. P: The science has made tremendous progress in machinery. Q: Electricity is serving us in thousand ways like in transport. R: Railways, ships and airplanes have reduced distances and made travel fast and comfortable. S: The use of machines and electricity in industry has eliminated human labour.

Directions: The following passage consists of six sentences. The first and sixth sentences are given in the beginning as S1 and S2, respectively. The middle four sentences in each have been jumbled up. These are labelled P, Q, R and S. You are required to find out the proper sequence of the four sentences and indicate your answer accordingly.

S1: A 24 hour locksmith today does not make locks. S2: This is the person who checks security frameworks after a robbery, fire or tremor. P: The 24 hour locksmith will likewise clean and repair broken locks. Q: But performs lock picking, lock repair, and cleaning locks. R: At times, a 24 hour locksmith is procured to do a check of the security framework. S: The locksmith may attempt lock picking to test the passages.

Directions: The following passage consists of six sentences. The first and sixth sentences are given in the beginning as S1 and S2, respectively. The middle four sentences in each have been jumbled up. These are labelled P, Q, R and S. You are required to find out the proper sequence of the four sentences and indicate your answer accordingly.

S1: Every day, you will find a new addition in the fashion industry. S2: In addition to this, it is also necessary for you to know the types of tattoos that the artists are able to carve on your body. P: You also need to understand the method of carving the picture on your skin as you must need to mentally prepare yourself for the pain occurs during the process. Q: Before deciding to get a tattoo on your skin, you must need to do a thorough research about the history, pros and cons of the tattoos. R: Today, there is an increasing trend of tattooing the body skin with different and innovative designs. S: If you are looking get your skin inked with an aesthetic piece of art work, and then you must need to find out an expert tattoo artist working in a reputed shop.

Directions: The following passage consists of six sentences. The first and sixth sentences are given in the beginning as S1 and S2, respectively. The middle four sentences in each have been jumbled up. These are labelled P, Q, R and S. You are required to find out the proper sequence of the four sentences and indicate your answer accordingly.

S1: One of the key features of modern day entertainment is the availability of games of different kinds to be played on the internet or the consoles. S2: These story lines go through careful scrutiny in order to create the best game play possible to hook gamers till the end. P: Game development as a job has become highly lucrative and games have acquired their own identity. Q: Nowadays each has its own story line which is developed with extreme care. R: The concept of online gaming has taken off with leaps and bounds. S: It is quickly turning into a profession and its industry is booming.

Directions: The following passage consists of six sentences. The first and sixth sentences are given in the beginning as S1 and S2, respectively. The middle four sentences in each have been jumbled up. These are labelled P, Q, R and S. You are required to find out the proper sequence of the four sentences and indicate your answer accordingly.

S1: The field of humor research developed as an autonomous area of research in the mid-1970s. S2: Finally, the release theories are more concerned with the effects of humor on the psyche. P: It developed as the first scholarly conferences dedicated to the analysis of humor were held and their proceedings published. Q: In linguistics, the affiliative aspect of humor has dominated the field of the discourse analysis of humor, which is somewhat of an anomaly within humor research. R: Needless to say, psychologists, philosophers, sociologists, literary scholars, and the odd linguist had long before concerned themselves with humor, so much so that the earliest theories of humor go as far back as Plato and Aristotle. S: The linguistics of humor is more generally concerned with incongruity theories as they describe the cognitive mechanisms that cause humor.

Directions: The following passage consists of six sentences. The first and sixth sentences are given in the beginning as S1 and S2, respectively. The middle four sentences in each have been jumbled up. These are labelled P, Q, R and S. You are required to find out the proper sequence of the four sentences and indicate your answer accordingly.

S1: A great English writer of the early 1800's, Jane Austen wrote many great novels we still discuss to this day. S2: First you must figure out each separate syllable then you have to fit them together to create a single term. P: These riddles are especially fun because you have several tasks. Q: Even though we now think of charades as being a game in which you act out clues for people to guess, they used to also have the meaning of a riddle that describes the answer syllable by syllable. R: A lot of her poetry came in the form of charades. S: Although most people know her for her books she also had a very strong collection of poetry.

Directions: The following passage consists of six sentences. The first and sixth sentences are given in the beginning as S1 and S2, respectively. The middle four sentences in each have been jumbled up. These are labelled P, Q, R and S. You are required to find out the proper sequence of the four sentences and indicate your answer accordingly.

S1: When you are born, you are toothless. S2: After a certain age though, these permanent kind of teeth start to fall off as well. P: Every human being gets two sets of teeth which means that the first set is merely milk teeth, which completes its task within a few years and falls off. Q: These teeth then keep on supporting the need of biting, chewing and such for the rest of the life. R: Then the set of teeth that emerges is of the permanent kind. S: After spending a few months on Earth, you start to gain these appendages.

Directions: The following passage consists of six sentences. The first and sixth sentences are given in the beginning as S1 and S2, respectively. The middle four sentences in each have been jumbled up. These are labelled P, Q, R and S. You are required to find out the proper sequence of the four sentences and indicate your answer accordingly.

S1: With advancement of modern sciences and a rise in the level of awareness in general population, health and fitness is a constant concern for many. S2: Fitness programs, designer diets, appropriate exercises, proper nutrition, injury prevention and treatments, all evoke a great amount of interest in health conscious people. P: A lot of information regarding minor illnesses and ailments can be found on the web. Q: If you are not well, it does not mean you have to rush to the doctor immediately. R: People today are much more aware when it come to keeping themselves in shape. S: But one should not wait for things to get out of hands before consulting a doctor, as he is the one with the best advice and a proper prescription for your infirmity.

Which of the following is an appropriate heading for the given passage?

Directions: Read the following passage and answer the question.

Cleaning can be the basic guarantee of healthy environment and the cleaning products are the substances used in cleaning. An analysis on the global market of washing chemicals suggested that cleaning chemicals have reached an increasingly improved and fast development worldwide. And in the near future, cleaning chemicals will take up a larger part in the global market. The reason of cleaning chemicals developing so fast is the global demand for cleaning chemicals in the market; that is driven by the rise in population and increased impact on usage norms. There is also a greater concern for hygiene nowadays. Cleaning chemicals can make the cleaning task easier and quicker as they do not make use of any detergents or soaps that may be time consuming for most of the time. Therefore, consumers are more likely to pay more for these cleaning chemicals.

Fill blank (i).

Directions: Read the following passage having some numbered blanks.

With the exhilarating arrival of Mars Orbiter Mission today, India has joined the ___ (i) ___ of interplanetary nations. Actually, you ___ (ii) ___ argue that India's been interplanetary ever since Mars Orbiter Mission departed Earth's gravitational influence. Mars Orbiter Mission ___ (iii) ___ homegrown in India, built ___ (iv) ___ a successful and skilled Indian aerospace establishment, carrying Indian-built instruments and operated ___ (v) ___ Bangalore; the main foreign contribution to this mission's success has been the ___ (vi) ___ communications services of NASA's Deep Space Network, delivering Mars Orbiter Mission's ___ (vii) ___ to Earth. India has dared to do something ___ (viii) ___ was previously beyond its reach - and by daring, and then achieving it, India has ___ (ix) ___ its own possibilities. India created history today, becoming the first country to successfully get a spacecraft into the Martian orbit in its ___ (x) ___ attempt.

Fill blank (ii).

Directions: Read the following passage having some numbered blanks.

With the exhilarating arrival of Mars Orbiter Mission today, India has joined the ___ (i) ___ of interplanetary nations. Actually, you ___ (ii) ___ argue that India's been interplanetary ever since Mars Orbiter Mission departed Earth's gravitational influence. Mars Orbiter Mission ___ (iii) ___ homegrown in India, built ___ (iv) ___ a successful and skilled Indian aerospace establishment, carrying Indian-built instruments and operated ___ (v) ___ Bangalore; the main foreign contribution to this mission's success has been the ___ (vi) ___ communications services of NASA's Deep Space Network, delivering Mars Orbiter Mission's ___ (vii) ___ to Earth. India has dared to do something ___ (viii) ___ was previously beyond its reach - and by daring, and then achieving it, India has ___ (ix) ___ its own possibilities. India created history today, becoming the first country to successfully get a spacecraft into the Martian orbit in its ___ (x) ___ attempt.

Fill blank (vii).

Directions: Read the following passage having some numbered blanks.

With the exhilarating arrival of Mars Orbiter Mission today, India has joined the ___ (i) ___ of interplanetary nations. Actually, you ___ (ii) ___ argue that India's been interplanetary ever since Mars Orbiter Mission departed Earth's gravitational influence. Mars Orbiter Mission ___ (iii) ___ homegrown in India, built ___ (iv) ___ a successful and skilled Indian aerospace establishment, carrying Indian-built instruments and operated ___ (v) ___ Bangalore; the main foreign contribution to this mission's success has been the ___ (vi) ___ communications services of NASA's Deep Space Network, delivering Mars Orbiter Mission's ___ (vii) ___ to Earth. India has dared to do something ___ (viii) ___ was previously beyond its reach - and by daring, and then achieving it, India has ___ (ix) ___ its own possibilities. India created history today, becoming the first country to successfully get a spacecraft into the Martian orbit in its ___ (x) ___ attempt.

Fill blank (vi).

Directions: Read the following passage having some numbered blanks.

With the exhilarating arrival of Mars Orbiter Mission today, India has joined the ___ (i) ___ of interplanetary nations. Actually, you ___ (ii) ___ argue that India's been interplanetary ever since Mars Orbiter Mission departed Earth's gravitational influence. Mars Orbiter Mission ___ (iii) ___ homegrown in India, built ___ (iv) ___ a successful and skilled Indian aerospace establishment, carrying Indian-built instruments and operated ___ (v) ___ Bangalore; the main foreign contribution to this mission's success has been the ___ (vi) ___ communications services of NASA's Deep Space Network, delivering Mars Orbiter Mission's ___ (vii) ___ to Earth. India has dared to do something ___ (viii) ___ was previously beyond its reach - and by daring, and then achieving it, India has ___ (ix) ___ its own possibilities. India created history today, becoming the first country to successfully get a spacecraft into the Martian orbit in its ___ (x) ___ attempt.

Fill blank (iii).

Directions: Read the following passage having some numbered blanks.

With the exhilarating arrival of Mars Orbiter Mission today, India has joined the ___ (i) ___ of interplanetary nations. Actually, you ___ (ii) ___ argue that India's been interplanetary ever since Mars Orbiter Mission departed Earth's gravitational influence. Mars Orbiter Mission ___ (iii) ___ homegrown in India, built ___ (iv) ___ a successful and skilled Indian aerospace establishment, carrying Indian-built instruments and operated ___ (v) ___ Bangalore; the main foreign contribution to this mission's success has been the ___ (vi) ___ communications services of NASA's Deep Space Network, delivering Mars Orbiter Mission's ___ (vii) ___ to Earth. India has dared to do something ___ (viii) ___ was previously beyond its reach - and by daring, and then achieving it, India has ___ (ix) ___ its own possibilities. India created history today, becoming the first country to successfully get a spacecraft into the Martian orbit in its ___ (x) ___ attempt.

Fill blank (ii).

Directions: Read the following passage having some numbered blanks.

A Braille embosser is an impact printer ___ (i) ___ renders text as tactile Braille cells. Using Braille translation software, a document can be embossed with relative ___ (ii) ___, making Braille production efficient ___ (iii) ___ cost-effective. Braille printers receive data ___ (iv) ___ computer devices and emboss that information in Braille ___ (v) ___ paper through the use of solenoids that control embossing pins. Braille printers usually print on heavyweight paper and use up ___ (vi) ___  pages for the same ___ (vii) ___ of information than pages printed on a regular printer. ___ (viii) ___ are also slower and noisier. Interpoint printers are Braille printers that emboss Braille ___ (ix) ___ both sides of a page. The price of a Braille printer is directly ___ (x) ___ to the volume of Braille it produces.

Fill blank (iv).

Directions: Read the following passage having some numbered blanks.

With the exhilarating arrival of Mars Orbiter Mission today, India has joined the ___ (i) ___ of interplanetary nations. Actually, you ___ (ii) ___ argue that India's been interplanetary ever since Mars Orbiter Mission departed Earth's gravitational influence. Mars Orbiter Mission ___ (iii) ___ homegrown in India, built ___ (iv) ___ a successful and skilled Indian aerospace establishment, carrying Indian-built instruments and operated ___ (v) ___ Bangalore; the main foreign contribution to this mission's success has been the ___ (vi) ___ communications services of NASA's Deep Space Network, delivering Mars Orbiter Mission's ___ (vii) ___ to Earth. India has dared to do something ___ (viii) ___ was previously beyond its reach - and by daring, and then achieving it, India has ___ (ix) ___ its own possibilities. India created history today, becoming the first country to successfully get a spacecraft into the Martian orbit in its ___ (x) ___ attempt.

Fill blank (v).

Directions: Read the following passage having some numbered blanks.

With the exhilarating arrival of Mars Orbiter Mission today, India has joined the ___ (i) ___ of interplanetary nations. Actually, you ___ (ii) ___ argue that India's been interplanetary ever since Mars Orbiter Mission departed Earth's gravitational influence. Mars Orbiter Mission ___ (iii) ___ homegrown in India, built ___ (iv) ___ a successful and skilled Indian aerospace establishment, carrying Indian-built instruments and operated ___ (v) ___ Bangalore; the main foreign contribution to this mission's success has been the ___ (vi) ___ communications services of NASA's Deep Space Network, delivering Mars Orbiter Mission's ___ (vii) ___ to Earth. India has dared to do something ___ (viii) ___ was previously beyond its reach - and by daring, and then achieving it, India has ___ (ix) ___ its own possibilities. India created history today, becoming the first country to successfully get a spacecraft into the Martian orbit in its ___ (x) ___ attempt.

Fill blank (v).

Directions: Read the following passage having some numbered blanks.

A Braille embosser is an impact printer ___ (i) ___ renders text as tactile Braille cells. Using Braille translation software, a document can be embossed with relative ___ (ii) ___, making Braille production efficient ___ (iii) ___ cost-effective. Braille printers receive data ___ (iv) ___ computer devices and emboss that information in Braille ___ (v) ___ paper through the use of solenoids that control embossing pins. Braille printers usually print on heavyweight paper and use up ___ (vi) ___  pages for the same ___ (vii) ___ of information than pages printed on a regular printer. ___ (viii) ___ are also slower and noisier. Interpoint printers are Braille printers that emboss Braille ___ (ix) ___ both sides of a page. The price of a Braille printer is directly ___ (x) ___ to the volume of Braille it produces.

Fill blank (iv).

Directions: Read the following passage having some numbered blanks.

A Braille embosser is an impact printer ___ (i) ___ renders text as tactile Braille cells. Using Braille translation software, a document can be embossed with relative ___ (ii) ___, making Braille production efficient ___ (iii) ___ cost-effective. Braille printers receive data ___ (iv) ___ computer devices and emboss that information in Braille ___ (v) ___ paper through the use of solenoids that control embossing pins. Braille printers usually print on heavyweight paper and use up ___ (vi) ___  pages for the same ___ (vii) ___ of information than pages printed on a regular printer. ___ (viii) ___ are also slower and noisier. Interpoint printers are Braille printers that emboss Braille ___ (ix) ___ both sides of a page. The price of a Braille printer is directly ___ (x) ___ to the volume of Braille it produces.

Fill blank (ix).

Directions: Read the following passage having some numbered blanks.

With the exhilarating arrival of Mars Orbiter Mission today, India has joined the ___ (i) ___ of interplanetary nations. Actually, you ___ (ii) ___ argue that India's been interplanetary ever since Mars Orbiter Mission departed Earth's gravitational influence. Mars Orbiter Mission ___ (iii) ___ homegrown in India, built ___ (iv) ___ a successful and skilled Indian aerospace establishment, carrying Indian-built instruments and operated ___ (v) ___ Bangalore; the main foreign contribution to this mission's success has been the ___ (vi) ___ communications services of NASA's Deep Space Network, delivering Mars Orbiter Mission's ___ (vii) ___ to Earth. India has dared to do something ___ (viii) ___ was previously beyond its reach - and by daring, and then achieving it, India has ___ (ix) ___ its own possibilities. India created history today, becoming the first country to successfully get a spacecraft into the Martian orbit in its ___ (x) ___ attempt.

Fill blank (vi).

Directions: Read the following passage having some numbered blanks.

A Braille embosser is an impact printer ___ (i) ___ renders text as tactile Braille cells. Using Braille translation software, a document can be embossed with relative ___ (ii) ___, making Braille production efficient ___ (iii) ___ cost-effective. Braille printers receive data ___ (iv) ___ computer devices and emboss that information in Braille ___ (v) ___ paper through the use of solenoids that control embossing pins. Braille printers usually print on heavyweight paper and use up ___ (vi) ___  pages for the same ___ (vii) ___ of information than pages printed on a regular printer. ___ (viii) ___ are also slower and noisier. Interpoint printers are Braille printers that emboss Braille ___ (ix) ___ both sides of a page. The price of a Braille printer is directly ___ (x) ___ to the volume of Braille it produces.

Fill blank (x).

Directions: Read the following passage having some numbered blanks.

With the exhilarating arrival of Mars Orbiter Mission today, India has joined the ___ (i) ___ of interplanetary nations. Actually, you ___ (ii) ___ argue that India's been interplanetary ever since Mars Orbiter Mission departed Earth's gravitational influence. Mars Orbiter Mission ___ (iii) ___ homegrown in India, built ___ (iv) ___ a successful and skilled Indian aerospace establishment, carrying Indian-built instruments and operated ___ (v) ___ Bangalore; the main foreign contribution to this mission's success has been the ___ (vi) ___ communications services of NASA's Deep Space Network, delivering Mars Orbiter Mission's ___ (vii) ___ to Earth. India has dared to do something ___ (viii) ___ was previously beyond its reach - and by daring, and then achieving it, India has ___ (ix) ___ its own possibilities. India created history today, becoming the first country to successfully get a spacecraft into the Martian orbit in its ___ (x) ___ attempt.

Which of the following alternatives brings out the meaning of the phrase ‘innate skill and talent’?

Directions: Read the following passage and answer the given question. 

Writing is the premium example of innate skill and talent. Everybody can write but not everybody can be a writer. Only a few are skilled at clear communication and succinct expression and a majority of those few take up the very challenging career of journalism. The art of expression combined with fearless voice and the ability to research for the truth are the premium ingredients in the making of a journalist. And as the charm of this glorious career multiplies, gamut of opportunities is opening up.
Many who take the course do realise the challenges it poses and how competitive a field it is but very few know that there are a world of opportunities available to carve your own niche, says a professor at a top journalism college in India.

Which of the following statements best explains the underlying tone of the passage?

Directions: Read the following passage and answer the given question. 

Writing is the premium example of innate skill and talent. Everybody can write but not everybody can be a writer. Only a few are skilled at clear communication and succinct expression and a majority of those few take up the very challenging career of journalism. The art of expression combined with fearless voice and the ability to research for the truth are the premium ingredients in the making of a journalist. And as the charm of this glorious career multiplies, gamut of opportunities is opening up.
Many who take the course do realise the challenges it poses and how competitive a field it is but very few know that there are a world of opportunities available to carve your own niche, says a professor at a top journalism college in India.

Why does the author of the given passage think that 'there is a greater concern for hygiene nowadays'?

Directions: Read the following passage and answer the question.

Cleaning can be the basic guarantee of healthy environment and the cleaning products are the substances used in cleaning. An analysis on the global market of washing chemicals suggested that cleaning chemicals have reached an increasingly improved and fast development worldwide. And in the near future, cleaning chemicals will take up a larger part in the global market. The reason of cleaning chemicals developing so fast is the global demand for cleaning chemicals in the market; that is driven by the rise in population and increased impact on usage norms. There is also a greater concern for hygiene nowadays. Cleaning chemicals can make the cleaning task easier and quicker as they do not make use of any detergents or soaps that may be time consuming for most of the time. Therefore, consumers are more likely to pay more for these cleaning chemicals.

The passage implies that urban Indians will have to wait longer than an average urban citizen of the world for access to proper waste management infrastructure because

Directions: Read the following passage and answer the question that follows.

Out of all the measures that are necessary in addressing India’s impending waste management crisis, the most efficient will be changes at the national policy and planning level. It is well known among the small but growing waste management sector that urban India will hit rock bottom due to improper waste management. Unfortunately, they think such a crisis is required to bring about policy changes, as they generally tend to happen only after the damage has been done. This attitude is unfortunate because it indicates a lack of or failed effort from the sector to change policy, and also the level of India’s planning and preparedness.
An average of 32,000 people will be added to urban India everyday, continuously, until 2021. This number is a warning, considering how India’s waste management infrastructure went berserk trying to deal with just 25,000 new urban Indians during the last decade. The scale of urbanisation in India and around the world is unprecedented with planetary consequences to Earth’s limited material and energy resources, and its natural balance. Rate of increase in access to sanitation infrastructure generally lags behind the rate of urbanisation around the world; however, the lack of planning and impromptu piecemeal responses to waste management issues observed in India might indicate a much wider gap. This means urban Indians will have to wait longer than an average urban citizen of our world for access to proper waste management infrastructure.
The clear trend in the outbreak of epidemic and public protests around India is that they are happening in the biggest cities in their respective regions. However, long term national level plans to improve waste management in India do not exist and guidance offered to urban local bodies is meager.

According to the passage, which of the following is correct?

Directions: Read the following passage and answer the question that follows.

Out of all the measures that are necessary in addressing India’s impending waste management crisis, the most efficient will be changes at the national policy and planning level. It is well known among the small but growing waste management sector that urban India will hit rock bottom due to improper waste management. Unfortunately, they think such a crisis is required to bring about policy changes, as they generally tend to happen only after the damage has been done. This attitude is unfortunate because it indicates a lack of or failed effort from the sector to change policy, and also the level of India’s planning and preparedness.
An average of 32,000 people will be added to urban India everyday, continuously, until 2021. This number is a warning, considering how India’s waste management infrastructure went berserk trying to deal with just 25,000 new urban Indians during the last decade. The scale of urbanisation in India and around the world is unprecedented with planetary consequences to Earth’s limited material and energy resources, and its natural balance. Rate of increase in access to sanitation infrastructure generally lags behind the rate of urbanisation around the world; however, the lack of planning and impromptu piecemeal responses to waste management issues observed in India might indicate a much wider gap. This means urban Indians will have to wait longer than an average urban citizen of our world for access to proper waste management infrastructure.
The clear trend in the outbreak of epidemic and public protests around India is that they are happening in the biggest cities in their respective regions. However, long term national level plans to improve waste management in India do not exist and guidance offered to urban local bodies is meager.

According to the author, the long term national level plans to improve waste management in India do not exist because of

Directions: Read the following passage and answer the question that follows.

Out of all the measures that are necessary in addressing India’s impending waste management crisis, the most efficient will be changes at the national policy and planning level. It is well known among the small but growing waste management sector that urban India will hit rock bottom due to improper waste management. Unfortunately, they think such a crisis is required to bring about policy changes, as they generally tend to happen only after the damage has been done. This attitude is unfortunate because it indicates a lack of or failed effort from the sector to change policy, and also the level of India’s planning and preparedness.
An average of 32,000 people will be added to urban India everyday, continuously, until 2021. This number is a warning, considering how India’s waste management infrastructure went berserk trying to deal with just 25,000 new urban Indians during the last decade. The scale of urbanisation in India and around the world is unprecedented with planetary consequences to Earth’s limited material and energy resources, and its natural balance. Rate of increase in access to sanitation infrastructure generally lags behind the rate of urbanisation around the world; however, the lack of planning and impromptu piecemeal responses to waste management issues observed in India might indicate a much wider gap. This means urban Indians will have to wait longer than an average urban citizen of our world for access to proper waste management infrastructure.
The clear trend in the outbreak of epidemic and public protests around India is that they are happening in the biggest cities in their respective regions. However, long term national level plans to improve waste management in India do not exist and guidance offered to urban local bodies is meager.

What is the meaning of the phrase ‘this attitude is unfortunate’ as used in the passage?

Directions: Read the following passage and answer the question that follows.

Out of all the measures that are necessary in addressing India’s impending waste management crisis, the most efficient will be changes at the national policy and planning level. It is well known among the small but growing waste management sector that urban India will hit rock bottom due to improper waste management. Unfortunately, they think such a crisis is required to bring about policy changes, as they generally tend to happen only after the damage has been done. This attitude is unfortunate because it indicates a lack of or failed effort from the sector to change policy, and also the level of India’s planning and preparedness.
An average of 32,000 people will be added to urban India everyday, continuously, until 2021. This number is a warning, considering how India’s waste management infrastructure went berserk trying to deal with just 25,000 new urban Indians during the last decade. The scale of urbanisation in India and around the world is unprecedented with planetary consequences to Earth’s limited material and energy resources, and its natural balance. Rate of increase in access to sanitation infrastructure generally lags behind the rate of urbanisation around the world; however, the lack of planning and impromptu piecemeal responses to waste management issues observed in India might indicate a much wider gap. This means urban Indians will have to wait longer than an average urban citizen of our world for access to proper waste management infrastructure.
The clear trend in the outbreak of epidemic and public protests around India is that they are happening in the biggest cities in their respective regions. However, long term national level plans to improve waste management in India do not exist and guidance offered to urban local bodies is meager.

Give an appropriate title for the given passage.

Directions: Read the following passage and answer the question that follows.

Out of all the measures that are necessary in addressing India’s impending waste management crisis, the most efficient will be changes at the national policy and planning level. It is well known among the small but growing waste management sector that urban India will hit rock bottom due to improper waste management. Unfortunately, they think such a crisis is required to bring about policy changes, as they generally tend to happen only after the damage has been done. This attitude is unfortunate because it indicates a lack of or failed effort from the sector to change policy, and also the level of India’s planning and preparedness.
An average of 32,000 people will be added to urban India everyday, continuously, until 2021. This number is a warning, considering how India’s waste management infrastructure went berserk trying to deal with just 25,000 new urban Indians during the last decade. The scale of urbanisation in India and around the world is unprecedented with planetary consequences to Earth’s limited material and energy resources, and its natural balance. Rate of increase in access to sanitation infrastructure generally lags behind the rate of urbanisation around the world; however, the lack of planning and impromptu piecemeal responses to waste management issues observed in India might indicate a much wider gap. This means urban Indians will have to wait longer than an average urban citizen of our world for access to proper waste management infrastructure.
The clear trend in the outbreak of epidemic and public protests around India is that they are happening in the biggest cities in their respective regions. However, long term national level plans to improve waste management in India do not exist and guidance offered to urban local bodies is meager.

According to the passage, why is the modern consumer willing to pay more for cleaning chemicals than he paid for soaps and detergents?

Directions: Read the following passage and answer the question.

Cleaning can be the basic guarantee of healthy environment and the cleaning products are the substances used in cleaning. An analysis on the global market of washing chemicals suggested that cleaning chemicals have reached an increasingly improved and fast development worldwide. And in the near future, cleaning chemicals will take up a larger part in the global market. The reason of cleaning chemicals developing so fast is the global demand for cleaning chemicals in the market; that is driven by the rise in population and increased impact on usage norms. There is also a greater concern for hygiene nowadays. Cleaning chemicals can make the cleaning task easier and quicker as they do not make use of any detergents or soaps that may be time consuming for most of the time. Therefore, consumers are more likely to pay more for these cleaning chemicals.