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Cost Accounts - 1

Description: Practice questions on Cost Concepts, Inventory Control Techniques, Process Costing etc
Number of Questions: 25
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Tags: Cost Concepts Inventory Control Techniques etc Cost Concepts: Analysis and Behaviour Cost Accounting Inventory Valuation and Control Job, Batch and Contract Costing Labor Cost Control and Labor Remuneration
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The cost reported by conventional financial accounts is based on

  1. escapable costs

  2. historical costs

  3. replacement costs

  4. joint costs


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

It is based on historical costs. As historical cost valuation states costs at the price originally paid for them in the past, conventional financial accounts also relates to the past. But historical cost must be adjusted to reflect future or current prices.

The cost known as diiferential cost is

  1. incremental cost

  2. abandonment cost

  3. opportunity cost

  4. committed cost


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The differential costing is the extra cost of taking one course of action rather than another. The incremental cost is also the additional cost due to a change in the level or nature of business activity, so incremental cost is also known as differential cost. For instance extra or difference in cost by changing the channel of distribution.

Which of the following is not included in direct material costs?

  1. Indirect Taxes

  2. Quantity Discounts

  3. Packing and Container Charges

  4. Direct Taxes


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

 Direct taxes are not included in cost of direct materials. As direct tax like income tax, is not paid on cost of materials and is paid on the earnings or income, it is not included in cost of direct materials.

The annual demand for an item is 6,400 units. What is the time period between two consecutive orders in a year when the economic order quantity is 800 units?

  1. 3 orders per year

  2. 8 orders per year

  3. 2 orders per year

  4. 7 orders per year


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

 It is 8 orders per year  Number of orders =     Annual demand                =   6,400 units = 8 orders per year

                                    Economic Order Quantity          800 units

The annual demand for an item is 6,400 units. What is the time period between two consecutive orders in a year, when the economic order quantity is 800 units?

  1. 3 months

  2. 1.5 months

  3. 2 months

  4. None of the above


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

 It is 1.5 months. Time between two consecutive orders =     12 months         = 1.5 months                                                                        8 orders per year

Ship building is an example of

  1. Contract Costing

  2. Process Costing

  3. Output Costing

  4. None of these


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

 Ship building is an example of contract costing. As ship building is of long-term duration and it is a form of specific order costing as ship building work is undertaken to customer's special requirements.

A company purchases 250 litres of oil for Rs. 12,600 from the market. Due to leakage, the oil is reduced to 240 litres in weight. At what price must the oil be charged per litre to cover the loss due to leakage, and by how much is the price inflated per litre?

  1. Price to be charged - Rs. 51 per litre. Price inflated by Rs. 2 per litre

  2. Price to be charged - Rs. 52 per litre. Price inflated by Rs. 3 per litre

  3. Price to be charged - Rs. 52.50 per litre. Price inflated by Rs. 2.10 per litre

  4. None of the above


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Price to be charged at Rs 52.50 per litre.It is to inflated at Rs 2.10 per litre. Price to be charged per litre before leakage = Rs 12,600 / 250 litres                                                                                =  Rs 50.40

 

Price to be charged per litre to cover the loss due to leakage    = Rs 12,600 / 240 litres                                                                                                                 =Rs 52.50

 

 

 

So price inflated per litre = Rs 52.50 - Rs 50.40 = Rs 2.10

 

When a company pays its workers on the basis of number of pieces of a product produced, it uses

  1. job cards

  2. clock cards

  3. piece work cards

  4. weekly time sheets


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

 When a company pays its workers on the basis of goods produced , it uses piece work cards. It shows the number of pieces produced.

If the minimum stock level and average stock of raw material A are 5,000 and 8,000 units respectively, find the reorder quantity.

  1. 5,000 units

  2. 6,000 units

  3. 6,500 units

  4. 5,500 units


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

 It is 6000 units. Average Stock Level - Minimum Stock Level  + 1/2 Reorder Quantity

 

8000 units  =5000 units +  1/2 Reorder Quantity

 

1/2 Reorder Quantity =  8000 units - 5000 units = 3000 units

 

 1/2 Reorder Quantity =  3000 units

 

So Reorder Quantity = 3000 units X 2 / 1 = 6000 units

Calculate the order point when it takes 3 months to receive delivery from the date of order and the usage is fairly constant at 6,000 units per month and a safety stock of 3000 units is desired.

  1. 21,000 units

  2. 18,000 units

  3. 20,000 units

  4. 22,000 units


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

 It is 21,000 units. Order point - Order point = ( Lead Time X Normal Usage per month ) + Safety Stock                    =  (  3 months X 6,000 ) + 3,000                    =  ( 18,000 ) + 3,000                    =  21,000 units

 

 Lead time means the time to receive delivery from the date of order = 3 months 

Calculate profit to be transferred to Profit and Loss A/c when 75% of work is certified, notional profit is 1,50,000 and cash received is 80% of work certified.

  1. Rs. 80,000

  2. Rs. 1,00,000

  3. Rs. 1,10,000

  4. Rs. 90,000


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

 It is Rs 80,000  Profit to be transferred to Profit and Loss A/c -

 

Notional Profit  X  2  X  Cash received

    

                               3       Work Certified

1,50,000 X  2  X  80    =   Rs 80,000

                     3      100

 

As more than 50% of work is certified, we would take 2/3 of profit ascertained as reduced by percentage of cash received from the contractee is to be taken to Profit & Loss A/c 

Calculate notional profit on a contract undertaken of which 80% work has been completed.

Total expenditure to date - Rs. 95,000 Estimated further expenditure to complete the contract (including contingencies) - Rs. 34,000 Contract price - Rs. 1,83,000 Work certified - Rs. 2,02,000
Work not certified - Rs. 8,500
Cash received - Rs. 81,600

  1. Rs. 1,10,500

  2. Rs. 1,15,500

  3. Rs. 1,12,500

  4. Rs. 1,15,200


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

 It is 1,15,500 Notional Profit -              Work Certified -                                  Rs 2,02,000

 

         + Work Uncertified                                Rs      8,500   

 

            Total Work Done                               Rs 2,10,500

 

Less - Costs incurred till date                       Rs  95,000

 

         Notional Profit                                       Rs 1,15,000     Note = Rs 34,000 is to be accounted for calculating total estimated profit, not for calculating notional profit.

Calculate average stock level if minimum stock level is 1,460 units and re-order quantity is 2,000 units.

  1. 2,460 units

  2. 2,000 units

  3. 2,500 units

  4. 2,350 units


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

 It is 2,460 units. Average Stock Level = Minimum Level +  1/2 Re-order Quantity

 

Average Stock Level = 1,460 units + 1/ 2 X 2000 units

 

Average Stock Level = 1.460 units  +  2000 units                                                                   2

 

Average Stock Level = 1,460 units + 1000 units

 

Average Stock Level = 2,460 units 

From the following data, find out the Labour Turnover by applying Replacement Method.

Number of workers on the payroll: At the beginning of the month - 600
At the end of the month - 800 During the month, 5 workers left, 20 persons were discharged and 80 workers were recruited. Of these, 10 workers were recruited in the vacancies of those who had left while the rest were engaged for an expansion scheme.

  1. 10%

  2. 2%

  3. 2.5%

  4. 1.42%


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

 It is 1.42%  Average Number of workers -( 600 + 800 ) / 2 = 700 workers

 

Computation of Labour Turnover by Replacement Method -

 

 ( Number of workers replaced during period ) X 100    Average Number of workers during period       10 X 100 / 700 = 1.42%

Calculate total estimated profit on a contract undertaken of which 80% work has been completed.

Total expenditure to date - Rs. 95,000 Estimated further expenditure to complete the contract ( including contingencies ) - Rs. 34,000 Contract price - Rs. 1,83,000 Work certified - Rs. 2,02,000
Work not certified - Rs. 8,500
Cash received - Rs. 81,600

  1. Rs. 52,000

  2. Rs. 53,000

  3. Rs. 54,000

  4. Rs. 51,000


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

 It is Rs 54,000  TOTAL ESTIMATED PROFIT

 

    Contract Price                                      -    Rs 1,83,000

 

Less-  Costs Incurred till date -   Rs 95,000

 

       + Estimated further costs till

        Completion of contract   -   Rs 34,000     - Rs 1,29,000

 

     Total Estimated Profit                                   - Rs   54,000

A worker C is allowed time of 50 hours for completion of the job and the hourly rate is Rs. 10. The actual time taken by the worker is 40 hours. Calculate wages under Rowan Plan.

  1. Rs. 480

  2. Rs. 450

  3. Rs. 475

  4. Rs. 460


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

 It is Rs 480  Rowan Premium Bonus -

 

Standard Rate ( Time Taken +   Time Saved     X  Time Taken  )

                                                        Time Allowed

 

 =  10 (  40 + 10  X 40 ) 

                       50

 

= 10 ( 40 + 400 )

                   50 = 10 ( 40 + 8 ) = 10 X 48 = Rs 480

From the following data, find out the Labour Turnover by Separation Method.

Number of workers on the payroll: At the beginning of the month - 600 At the end of the month - 800 During the month, 5 workers left, 20 persons were discharged and 80 workers were recruited. Of these, 10 workers were recruited in the vacancies of those who had left while the rest were engaged for an expansion scheme.

  1. 3%

  2. 3.2%

  3. 3.57%

  4. 3.7%


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

 It is 3.57%  Average Number of workers -( 600 + 800 ) / 2 = 700 workers

 

Computation of Labour Turnover by Separation Method -

 

 ( Number of Separations during the period ) X 100   Average Number of workers during period    ( 5 + 20 ) X 100 / 700      25 X 100 / 700 = 3.57%

From the following data, find out the Labour Turnover by applying Flux Method.

Number of workers on the payroll: At the beginning of the month - 600
At the end of the month - 800 During the month, 5 workers left, 20 persons were discharged and 80 workers were recruited. Of these, 10 workers were recruited in the vacancies of those who had left while the rest were engaged for an expansion scheme.

  1. 18%

  2. 15%

  3. 12%

  4. 12.5%


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

 It is 15%  Average Number of workers -( 600 + 800 ) / 2 = 700 workers

 

Computation of Labour Turnover by Flux Method - ( Number of Separations + Number of Accessions ) X 100

         Average Number of Workers during the period

 

    =   (  20 + 5  + 80 ) X 100  

             700     =   105 X 100  =    15 %

            700                

A worker C is allowed time of 50 hours for completion of the job and the hourly rate is Rs. 10. The actual time taken by the worker is 40 hours. Calculate wages under Halsey Plan.

  1. Rs. 425

  2. Rs. 430

  3. Rs. 450

  4. Rs. 445


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

 It is Rs 450. Time Saved = Time Allowed - Time Taken                              50 hours - 40 hours                       =      10 hours

 

Total Wages =  ( Time Taken X Hour Rate ) + (  50 ( Time Saved ) X Hourly Rate )

                                                                                     100                                                              ( 40  X  10 )  + (  50   (  10 ) X  10 )                                                                              100

 

                                                  = 400  + 50 X 100   

                                                                   100                                                   = 400 + 50 = Rs 450

The labour turnover rates for the year ended 31st March, 2010 are 10%, 5% and 3% respectively under' Flux method', 'Replacement method 'and ' Separation method'. If the number of workers replaced during the given period is 60, calculate the number of workers left and discharged.

  1. 35

  2. 36

  3. 34

  4. 42


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

 It is 36  Given Labour turnover rate is 3% according to Separation Method.

 

Workers left and discharged is calculated according to Separation Method.

 

Labour Turnover Rate =  (    Number of Separations         X 100 )

                                            Average Number of Workers 

 

                3              =   ( Number of Separations )

               100                         1,200

 

 Number of Separations =  ( 3 X 1,200 )  = 36                                                        100

 

Number of Workers left and discharged is 36.

 

The residue material that has a recovery value is known as

  1. waste

  2. spoilage

  3. scrap

  4. defective


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

 The scrap is the residue material that has a recovery value, it can be sold.

The labour turnover rates for the year ended 31st March, 2010 are 10%, 5% and 3% respectively under' Flux method', 'Replacement method 'and ' Separation method'. If the number of workers replaced during the given period is 60, find out the average number of workers.

  1. 1,000

  2. 1,100

  3. 1,200

  4. 1,150


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

  Calculation of average number of workers -

 Labour Turnover Rate -

Replacement Method   =   Number of replacements  X  100                                                Average number of workers

 

                  Let the average number of workers be y

 

                           5   =      60  X 100

                                             y

 

                          5y =  6,000

 

So y = 6000 / 5 = 1,200 average number of workers

The labour turnover rates for the year ended 31st March, 2010 are 10%, 5% and 3% respectively under' Flux method', 'Replacement method 'and' Separation method'. If the number of workers replaced during the given period is 60, calculate the number of workers recruited and joined during the period.

  1. 80

  2. 82

  3. 90

  4. 84


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

 It is 84  Number of workers recruited and joined is calculated according to Flux Method -    Suppose  number of accessions be y that is the number of workers who joined and recruited

 

Labour Turnover Rate =  ( Number of Separations +  Number of Accessions )

                                                             Average Number of Workers                  10 / 100 =  ( 36 + y ) / 1200                         1200 X 10 = 100 ( 36 + y )                  12000 = 3600 + 100 y                    100 y = 12000 - 3600                              100 y =  8400                         y = 84 

Three batches of materials A, B and C cost Rs.10, Rs. 15, and Rs. 17 respectively. Calculate the cost of material by simple average cost method.

  1. Rs. 15

  2. Rs. 14

  3. Rs. 14.50

  4. Rs.16


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

 It is Rs. 14  Average Cost of Material =   Rs. 10 + Rs. 15 + Rs. 17                                                                                              3                                                                                                                                  Rs. 42  = Rs. 14

                                                                       3                                

The total mixed cost of an organization having production of 8,000 units is Rs. 3,60,000. Calculate the variable cost per unit if fixed cost is Rs. 2,00,000.

  1. Rs. 18

  2. Rs. 22

  3. Rs. 19

  4. Rs. 20


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

 It is Rs 20     Total Mixed Cost =  Fixed Cost + ( Variable Cost per unit X Number of units )         Let the variable cost per unit be y

 

              Rs 3,60,000 =  Rs 2,00,000 +  (  y X 8,000 )

 

             Rs 3,60,000  =  Rs 2,00,000  + 8000 y

 

             Rs 3,60,000 - 2,00,000 = 8000 y

 

                Rs  1,60,000  =  8000 y                            or 8000 y =  Rs1,60,000

 

                           y = 1,60,000   =   Rs 20

                                      8,000               So variable cost per unit is Rs 20.                                      

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