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Molecular Basis of Inheritance

Description: Model Mcq for AIPMT,Board exams and various other medical entrance examination
Number of Questions: 25
Created by:
Tags: Central dogma DNA RNA TRANSCRIPTION TRANSLATION FINGER PRINTING HGP OPERON HELICASE DNA Replication Replication of DNA Transcription Process of Transcription Genetics Genetics and Evolution DNA and its Structure Translation
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The enzyme used to cut the DNA molecule at specific site is

  1. restriction endonuclease

  2. DNA-ligase

  3. DNA-polymerase

  4. RNA-polymerases


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The enzyme used to cut the DNA molecule at specific site is restriction endonuclease, also known as molecular scissors.

In DNA, two nucleotides are linked by

  1. hydrogen bonds

  2. peptide bonds

  3. disulphide bonds

  4. phosphate diester bonds


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

In DNA, two nucleotides are linked by phosphate diester bonds.

Semi-conservative model of DNA replication was experimentally proved by

  1. Jacob and Monad

  2. Meselson and Stahl

  3. Beadle and Tatum

  4. Watson and Crick


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Semi-conservative model of DNA replication was experimentally proved by Meselson and Stahl.

The exchange of chromosomes segments between non-homologous chromosomes is called

  1. Translocation

  2. Deletion

  3. Duplication

  4. Frame shift


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The exchange of chromosomes segments between non-homologous chromosomes is called translocation.

The enzyme that helps in breaking and resealing DNA strand is

  1. Primase

  2. DNA ligase

  3. Helicase

  4. Topoisomerase


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

The  enzyme that helps in breaking and resealing DNA strand is topoisomerase.  

The four nitrogen base sequence which form the code words for RNA language is

  1. UGTC

  2. AGCU

  3. ATCG

  4. GAUT


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

AGC and U are present in RNA.

Which of the following is not a termination codon?

  1. UAA

  2. UAG

  3. UGA

  4. AUG


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

AUG is initiation codon.

The type of RNA specifically responsible for directing the proper sequence of amino acids in protein sythesis is

  1. ribosomal RNA

  2. messenger RNA

  3. transfer RNA

  4. soluble RNA


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

The type of RNA specifically responsible for directing the proper sequence of amino acids in protein sythesis is messenger RNA.

The base sequence of the template strand of DNA is CATAAGCATGATGAC. What will be the sequence of RNA strand which is complimentary with the DNA?

  1. GTA ATCGATCTAUAC

  2. AUCGUAGUACUG

  3. GTAATGATGGUACUG

  4. GUAUUCGUACUACUG


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

If the base sequence of the template strand of DNA is CATAAGCATGATGAC, the sequence of RNA strand which is complimentary with the DNA will be GUAUUCGUACUACUG as per Chargaff base pair rule.

3 to 5 strand of DNA generally acts a template for the synthesis of

  1. only protein

  2. only DNA

  3. only RNA

  4. both RNA & DNA


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

3 to 5 strand of DNA generally acts a template for the synthesis of both RNA & DNA.

The two strands of DNA are linked by

  1. phosphate-diester bonds

  2. covalent bonds

  3. hydrogen bonds

  4. ionic bonds


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

The two strands of DNA are linked by hydrogen bonds formed in between nitrogen bases.

In split genes, the non coding sequences are called

  1. Cistrons

  2. Operons

  3. Exons

  4. Introns


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

In split genes, the non-coding sequences are called Introns.

The anticodon present in tRNA, which can carry methionine is

  1. AUG

  2. UAG

  3. UAC

  4. UCA


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

The anticodon present in tRNA which can carry methionine is UAC.

How many base pairs will be there in four codon?

  1. 9 base pairs

  2. 12 base pairs

  3. 15 base pairs

  4. 10 base pairs


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

One codon contains 3 base pairs. Therefore, 4 codon contains 12 base pairs.

Total number of base pairs in one full turn of B-DNA is

  1. 12

  2. 11

  3. 10

  4. 9


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Total number of base pairs in one full turn of B-DNA is 10.

The number of nucleotides in the gene which code for dystophin protein is

  1. 3000 base pairs

  2. 1 million base pairs

  3. 2.4million base pairs

  4. 1.2 million base pairs


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

The number of nucleotides in the gene which code for dystrophin protein is 2.4 million base pairs.

Which of the following codon code for phenylalanine?

  1. AUG

  2. UUU

  3. GGG

  4. AAA


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

UUU code is for phenylalanine.

The chromosome which carry the least number of gene is

  1. Chromosome 1

  2. Chromosome 2

  3. X-Chromosome

  4. Y-Chromosome


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

The chromosome which carry the least number of genes (i.e. only 231) is Y-Chromosome.

The triple nature of codon was suggested by

  1. Francis Crick

  2. George Gamow

  3. Griffith

  4. T H Morgan


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

The triple nature of codon was suggested by George Gamow

Alec Jeffrey is associated with

  1. Polymerase chain reaction

  2. Recombinant DNA technology

  3. Southern blotting

  4. DNA finger printing


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

DNA finger printing was discovered by Alec Jeffrey.

The direction in which new RNA elongates during transcription is

  1. 3 to 5

  2. 5 to 3

  3. 3 to 3

  4. 5 to 5


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

RNA polymerise catalyse elongation in 5 to 3 direction.

Genetic code was given by

  1. Jacob and Monad

  2. Watson and Crick

  3. Nirenberg

  4. Beadle and Tatum


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Genetic code was given by Nirenberg.

The scientists involved in discovery of DNA as transforming agent in bacteria were

  1. Hershey and Chase

  2. Griffith and Avery

  3. Avery, MacLeod and McCarty

  4. Watson and Crick


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

The scientists involved in discovery of DNA as a transforming agent in bacteria were Avery, MacLeod and McCarty.

Proof reading enzyme during the synthesis of new bacterial DNA from template DNA is

  1. helicase

  2. primase

  3. DNA polymerase

  4. ligase


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Proof reading enzyme during the synrhesis of new bacterial DNA from template DNA is DNA polymerase.

Which enzyme catalyses the synthesis of DNA from RNA?

  1. Restriction enzyme

  2. DNA polymerase

  3. RNA polymerase

  4. Reverse transcriptase

  5. DNA ligase


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Reverse transcriptase catalyses the synthesis of DNA from RNA.

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