Ribose functions as co-enzyme in several metabolic pathways. It acts as a derivative of coenzyme A.

Pyrrolysine is an ɑ-amino acid that is used in the biosynthesis of proteins in some methanogenic archaea and bacteria.

Vitamin B12 is the largest and most structurally complicated vitamin. It can be produced industrially only through bacterial fermentation synthesis.

Glucose and galactose form an epimeric pair as they differ with respect to carbon-4 only.

Gentianose is a trisaccharide. Gentianose is composed of two units of glucose and one unit of fructose.

The sweetest sugar is monellin. Its relative sweetness is 2000.

Myoglobin has tertiary structure.

In seeds of corncokle, the amino acid orcylalanine is found. It is considered to be a substituted phenylalanine.

Lycophyll is found in tomatoes as purple pigment.

Butter is a common source of butanoic acid. It has an unpleasant smell and acrid taste, with a sweetish aftertaste similar to ether.

The enzyme loses its function on denaturation because the 3D shape of the enzyme is disrupted. Due to disruption of shape, the active site is no more available.

Coconut oil has the least iodine number. It is 7-12. Iodine numbers determine the amount of unsaturation in fatty acids. Coconut oil is very saturated and thus, has less iodine number.

Phosphoric acid is not present in a nucleoside.

Tryptophan is the only amino acid of proteins which is completely destroyed upon acid hydrolysis.

Siderophilin has Fe strongly bound by proteins. It is an important metalloprotein and constitutes about 30% of plasma protein. It facilitates iron transport.