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Basic Chemistry

Description: some basic concepts in chemistry
Number of Questions: 15
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Tags: basic concepts in chemistry Basic Concepts of Chemistry Some Basic Concepts of Chemistry
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If 1 mole of H3PO4 is reacted with 1 mole of X(OH)2 as: H3PO4 + X(OH)2 → XHPO4 + 2H2O. Then which of the following statements is correct

  1. The equivalent weight of base is (molecular wt./3)

  2. The eq. wt. of H3PO4 is 98/3

  3. The resulting solution is required 1 mole NaOH for completing neutralisation.

  4. 1 mole X(OH)2 more required 1 mole NaOH for complete neutralisation.

  5. None of these


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

The resulting solution has still one mole H+ ion to be neutralised, so, 1 mole of NaOH is required for complete neutralisation. Hence, this is a correct option.

When an equimolar mixture of Cu2S and CuS is titrated with Ba(MnO4) in acidic medium, the final products contain Cu2+, SO2 and Mn2+. If the mol. wt. of Cu2S, CuS and Ba(MnO4)2 are M1, M2, M3 respectively, then,

  1. eq. wt. of Cu2S is M1/8

  2. eq. wt. of CuS is M2/4

  3. eq. wt. of Ba(MnO4)2 is M3/5

  4. Cu2S and CuS, both have same equivalent in mixture

  5. none of these


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The required reaction is, MnO4 +  8H+ +5e  →  Mn2+ + 4H2O Cu+ – e → Cu2+ S2– – 6e → S4+ Therefore, eq. wt. of Cu2S = (M1 / ((1*2) + 6)) = M1 / 8 Hence, this is a correct option.  

1 litre mixture of CO and CO2 is taken. This is passed through a tube containing red hot charcoal. The volume now is 1.6 litres. The volumes are measured under the same condition. Find volume of CO2 in the mixture.

  1. 400 ml

  2. 600 ml

  3. 800 ml

  4. 1000 ml

  5. 1200 ml


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Let there be x ml CO in the mixture. Hence, there will be (1000 – x) ml CO2 . The reaction of CO2 with red hot charcoal may be given as,CO2 (g) + C(s) → 2CO(g)from reaction we have, x = 400 ml Therefore volume of CO = 400 ml and hence the volume of CO2 = (1000 – 400 ) ml = 600 ml Hence, this is the correct option.

Determine the number of g-equivalents of solute in 100 ml of 5N HCl.

  1. 0.5

  2. 0.6

  3. 0.9

  4. 0.1

  5. 1.0


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

We know that, No. of g-equivalents = normality * volume (L) Therefore, no. of g-equivalent of HCl = ((5 * 100) / 1000) = 0.5, which is the required answer; hence this is a correct option.

Calculate the total number of molecules in 4.4 g of CO2 (g).

  1. 6.022 * 10^23

  2. 6.022 * 10^22

  3. 6.022 * 10^21

  4. 6.022 * 10^20

  5. 6.022 * 10^29


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

No. of moles CO2 = (4.4 / 44) = 0.1 No. of molecules = 0.1 * 6.022 * 10^23 = 6.022 * 10^22, which match with the given option, hence this is a correct option.

10 g of a sample of Ca(OH)2 is dissolved in 10 ml of 0.5 N HCl solution. The excess of HCl was titrated with 0.2 N NaOH. The volume of NaOH used was 20 cc. Calculate the percentage of Ca(OH)2 in the sample.

  1. 11%

  2. 12%

  3. 1.11%

  4. 2.22%

  5. 99%


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Milli eq. of HCl initially = 10 * 0.5 = 5. Milli eq. of NaOH consumed = milli eq. of HCl in excess     = 10 * 0.2 = 2 Therefore, milli eq. of HCl consumed = Millie q. of Ca(OH)2     = 5 – 2 =3 Therefore, eq. of Ca(OH)2 = (3 / 1000) = 3 * 10^–3 Mass of Ca(OH)2 = (3 * 10^–3) * (74 / 2) = 0.111 g% Ba(OH)2 = (0.111 / 10) * 100 = 1.11%; which is the required solution of the given problem. Hence, this is the correct option.

What is the normality of 96% solution of H2SO4 of specific gravity 1.84.

  1. 30.05 N

  2. 5.05 N

  3. 40.9 N

  4. 36.05 N

  5. 55.0 N


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Mass of 1 litre of H2SO4 solution = volume * density = 1000 *1.84 g = 1840 g = mass of H2SO4 present in 1 litre 96% H2SO4 solution = (96 / 100) *1840 g = 1766.4 g Or, strength of H2SO4 solution = 1766.4 g / litre Or Normality (N) = (Strength (gL-1) / equivalent Mass)   = (1766.4 / 49) = 36.05 (N); which match with the given option, hence this is a correct option.

10 ml of (N/2) HCl, 30 ml of (N/10) HNO3 and 75 ml of (N/5) HNO3 are mixed, the normality of H+ in the resulting solution is

  1. 0.2

  2. 0.4

  3. 0.6

  4. 0.8

  5. Insufficient data


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The equiv. of H+ in 30 ml of (N / 2) HCl = (10 / 2) 10^–3 The equiv. of H+ in 30 ml of (N / 10) HNO3 = (30 / 10) * 10^–3 The equiv. of H+ in 75 ml of (N / 10) HNO3 = (75 / 5) * 10^–3. Hence, total equiv. of H+ (5 + 3 + 15) * 10^–3 = 23 10^–3 Total volume of solution = 115 ml Hence, normality of H+ in the resulting mixture = [(23 * 10^–3 * 10^3) / 115) (N) = (N / 5) = 0.2 (N). Hence, this is a correct option.

8 g of sulphur is burnt to form SO2, which is oxidised by Cl2 water. The solution is then treated with BaCl2 solution. The amount of BaSO4 precipitated would be

  1. 1 mole

  2. 2 mole

  3. 3 mole

  4. 0.75 mole

  5. 0.25 mole


Correct Option: E
Explanation:

The required reaction is S + O2→ SO2 + Cl2 (water) → SO42– + BaCl2→BaSO4 +2Cl. Moles of sulphur = (8 / 32) = (1 / 4),  moles of SO2. Therefore, moles of BaSO4 precipitated = 0.25. (applying principle of atom conservation). Hence, this is a correct option.

A 100 L sample of hard water, having only temporary hardness is dried to obtain 20 mg of CaCO3 as residue. Which of the following may be true for the sample of water? (Density = 1 g/ml)

  1. [ca+2] = 122 ppm

  2. [ca+2] = 80 ppm

  3. [ca+2] = 244 ppm

  4. [ca+2] = 180 ppm

  5. [ca+2] = 8 ppm


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Mol. mass of CaCO3 = 100 Mol. mass of Ca = 40 20 mg of CaCO3 has ((40*20) / 100) = 8 mg of Ca+2 ions Since, 8 mg of Ca+2 in 100 L sample of hard water. 10*1000 ml sample of hard water has 8 mg of Ca+2 therefore, 10^6 ml sample of hard water has 80 mg of Ca+2,i.e., 80 ppm, which is the required solution of the given problem. Hence, this is a correct option.

What is the mass of sodium bromate and molarity of the solution necessary to prepare 85.4 ml of 0.672 N solution when the half reaction is, BrO3 + 6H+ + 6e → Br + 3H2O.

  1. 1.672 g, 0.112 M

  2. 2.0 g, 0.112 M

  3. 3.234 g, 0.112 M

  4. 1.92 g, 0.122 M

  5. 1.446 g, 0.122 M


Correct Option: E
Explanation:

Molecular mass of NaBrO3 = 151 Each bromate ion takes up 6 electrons; therefore Eq. mass of NaBrO3 = Mol. mass / 6 = 151 / 6 Amount of NaBrO3 in 85.5 ml 0.672 N solution= (0.672 / 1000) * (151 / 6) * (85.5) g = 1.446 g. Molarity = (Normality / nf) = 0.672 / 6 = 0.112 M. Hence, this is a correct option.

Dichromate ion in acidic medium oxidise stannous ion as: xSn2+ + yCr2O72– + zH+ → aSn4+ + bCr3+ + cH2O for the above reaction,

  1. the value of x : y = 1 : 3

  2. the value of x + y + z = 18

  3. a : b = 2 : 3

  4. the value of z – c = 5

  5. none of these


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

The reaction can be given as: Reduction half→Cr2O72– + 14H+ + 6e →  2Cr3+ + 7H2O Oxidation half→[Sn2+ – 2e → Sn4+]*3 So the balanced chemical equation is 3Sn2+ + Cr2O72– +14H+ = 3Sn4+ + 2Cr3+ + 7H2O therefore, x + y + z = 18, hence this is a correct option.  

The vapour density of a mixture containing NO2 and N2O4 is 38.3 at 27°C. Calculate the moles of NO2 in 100 g of the mixture.

  1. 0.954

  2. 0.437

  3. 0.123

  4. 0.222

  5. 0.808


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Molecular mass of the mixture = 2 * 38.3 = 76.6 Let, mass of NO2 in 100 g of mixture = a g. Moles of NO2 + Moles of N2O4 = Moles of mixture i.e., (a / 46) + ((100 – a ) / 92) = (100 / 76.6) a = 30.1 g. Moles of NO2 in the mixture =( 20.1 / 46) = 0.437 (approx.). Hence, this is a correct option.

214.2 g of sugar syrup contains 34.2 g of sugar. Calculate the molality of the solution?

  1. 0.655 m

  2. 0.755 m

  3. 0.555 m

  4. 0.455 m

  5. 0.355 m


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Mass of sugar = 34.2 g No. of moles of sugar = (34.2 / Mol. mass) = 34.2 / 342 =0.1 Mass of water = (214.2 – 43.2) = 180 g = 0.18 kg Molality (m) = (No. of moles of sugar / Mass of H2O in kg) = 0.1 / 0.18 = 0.555 m, which is the required solution of the given problem. Hence, this is a correct option.

Calculate the normality of a solution obtained by mixing 100 ml (N/10) H2SO4, 50 ml (N/5) HNO3 and 25 ml (N/5) HCl solution.

  1. 0.3234

  2. 0.4453

  3. 0.545

  4. 0.2286

  5. 0.1123


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Let the final normality be N. Total volume = (100 + 50 + 25) ml =175 ml So, 175 * N = N1V1 + N2V2 + N3V3------(1) Where, N1, N2, N3 are the normalities of H2SO4, HNO3 and HCl respectively. And V1, V2, V3 are the volumes of H2SO4, HNO3 and HCl respectively. Now, we have, 175 * N = ((100)(1 / 10)) + ((50)(1 / 2)) + ((25)* (1 / 5) = 40 therefore, N = 40 / 175  [where, N = normality of the mixture solution] = 0.2286, which is the required solution of the given problem, hence this is a correct option.

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