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Endocrine Glands (Medical Entrance)

Description: Proteins AdrenalsAdrenal GlandPancreasPancreatic Gland
Number of Questions: 15
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Tags: Proteins Adrenals Adrenal Gland Pancreas Pancreatic Gland
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What is the sequence of zones in the adrenal cortex?

  1. Zona fasciculata - Zona glomerulosa - Zona reticularis

  2. Zona reticularis - Zona fasciculata - Zona glomerulosa

  3. Zona glomerulosa - Zona fasciculata - Zona reticularis

  4. Zona reticularis - Zona glomerulosa - Zona fasciculata


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

This is the correct sequence.

Which adrenal cortex layer secretes mineral-corticosteroids?

  1. Zona glomerulosa

  2. Zona fasciculata

  3. Zona reticularis

  4. Capsule


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Zona glomerulosa secretes mineral-corticosteroids.

Which of the following is the reason of imbalance of Na and K in the blood?

  1. Hyposecretion of adrenal medulla

  2. Hyposecretion of adrenal cortex

  3. Hypersecretion of adrenal cortex

  4. Hypersecretion of parathyroid


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Hyposecretion of adrenal cortex causes the imbalance of Na and K in the blood. This leads to nervous disorders and convulsions.

Which one of the following corticosteroids controls carbohydrate metabolism?

  1. Cortisol

  2. Cortisone

  3. Corticosterone

  4. Aldosterone


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Corticosterone controls carbohydrate metabolism.

Which of the following hormones is known as the life saving hormone?

  1. Corticosterone

  2. Noradrenalin

  3. Estrogen

  4. Aldosterone


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Aldosterone is called the life saving hormone as its administration can prevent death due to hyposecretion of mineralocorticosteroids.

Which cortical layer produces corticosterone?

  1. Zona glomerulosa

  2. Zona fasciculata

  3. Zona reticularis

  4. Chromaffin cells


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Zona fasciculata produces glucocorticoids. Corticosterone is a glucocorticoid.

Where are chromaffin cells present?

  1. Adrenal cortex

  2. Adrenal medulla

  3. Islets of Langerhans

  4. Pituitary gland


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Chromaffin cells are hormone-producing cells of the adrenal medulla.

Which gland secretes hormones that are synthesised from cholesterol?

  1. Adrenal medulla

  2. Adrenal cortex

  3. Thyroid

  4. Pancreas


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

All adrenocortical steroid hormones are synthesised from cholesterol.

Which hormone prevents the rejection of transplanted organs?

  1. Mineralocorticoids

  2. Glucocorticoids

  3. Androgens

  4. Luteinizing hormone (LH)


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Glucocorticoids prevents the rejection of transplanted organ.

Which disease is caused by excessive production of cortisol by the adrenal gland?

  1. Conn's syndrome

  2. Addison's disease

  3. Cushing's syndrome

  4. Cretinism


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Cushing's syndrome is caused by excessive production of cortisol by the adrenal gland.

Which of the following statements is incorrect?

  1. Medulla secretes certain neurotransmitters.

  2. Adrenal medulla is a part of the nervous system.

  3. The medullary hormone bind to adregenic receptors.

  4. Adrenalin is known as tonus hormone.


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Adrenalin is known as emergency hormone. Noradrenaline is the tonus hormone for the circulatory system.

Hypertension, hyperglycemia, nervousness, sweating and complete exhaustion are the symptoms observed in

  1. hyper-secretion of corticosteroids

  2. hyper-secretion of epinephrine and nor-epinephrine

  3. hyposecretion of glucocorticoids

  4. hyper-secretion of parathyroid gland


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Hypertension, hyperglycemia, nervousness, sweating and complete exhaustion may occur due to hyper-secretion of epinephrine and nor-epinephrine.

What is the source of a hormone which stimulates glycogenolysis, gluconeogenesis and glucose released by the liver?

  1. Alpha cells on islets of Langerhans

  2. Beta cells of islets of Langerhans

  3. Adrenal cortex

  4. Adrenal medulla


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Alpha cells of islets of Langerhans secrete a hormone that stimulate glycogenolysis, gluconeogenesis and glucose released by the liver.

Which kind of pancreatic cells produce somatostatin?

  1. Alpha cells of islets of Langerhans

  2. Beta cells of islets of Langerhans

  3. Delta cells of islets of Langerhans

  4. Gamma cells of islets of Langerhans


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Delta cells of islets of Langerhans produce somatostatin.

Which cells of islets of Langerhans produce Ghrelin hormone?

  1. Alpha cells

  2. Beta cells

  3. Gamma cells

  4. Epsilon cells


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Epsilon cells produce ghrelin hormone. Less than 1% cells of islets of Langerhans are epsilon cells.

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