Renal artery gives rise to a bunch of capillaries called glomerulus.

Hemodialysis is the separation of certain substances from blood by use of a selectively permeable membrane.

Ureters are long tubes which connect the kidneys with the urinary bladder. Urinary bladder is a muscular sac where urine is stored until the pressure of the expanded bladder leads to urge to pass it out through the urethra.

During photosynthesis, plants synthesise glucose with the release of oxygen, which is considered as an excretory product.

The mechanism by which glucose is reabsorbed in the renal tubule is active transport.

Reabsorption of chloride ions (Cl^–) from the glomerular filtrate in the kidney tubule of mammals is carried out by diffusion.

Insoluble calcium phosphate is eliminated in large intestine.

 The chief nitrogenous waste in urine of humans or terrestrial mammals is urea. It is less toxic and requires less water for elimination.

The two main functions of sweat are to remove waste products and to cool the body.

CO₂ is the most important gaseous waste and is eliminated through the lungs.

 Diuresis is a condition characterised by increase in urine volume.

The organ through which water is not lost is the liver. Water loss takes place through lung, kidney and skin.

 Urea is formed by the combination of ammonia and carbon dioxide in liver. Ureotelic organisms are those which eliminate their nitrogenous metabolic wastes mainly as urea.

The correct option is (3). Urea, water and salts are the waste products of kidneys.

Salts are mainly excreted by kidneys through urine.