Correct Answer: Functional residual capacity (FRC)

Book lungs are found in scorpions. They are primitive lungs that are composed of many fine lamellae.

The respiratory pigment present in molluscs is haemocyanin. It uses copper prosthetic groups instead of iron heme groups and is blue in color.

Gaseous exchange in birds occurs between air capillaries and blood capillaries, rather than in alveoli.

Trachea is absent in lungfish. The lung is directly connected to the pharynx and the larynx.

It is true. Nasopharynx extends from the base of the skull to the upper surface of the soft palate. It includes the space between the internal nares and the soft palate and lies above the oral cavity.

Arytenoid cartilages allow and aid the movement of vocal cord. These are a pair of small three-sided pyramids, which form part of the larynx, to which the vocal folds (vocal cords) are attached.

Haemophilus influenzae is a common infectant of epiglottis. Streptococcal pharyngitis and epiglottitis are caused by Haemophilus influenzae.

C in HAECK stands for Cardiobacterium hominis. It is a Gram-negative bacillus.

Elephants lack pleural cavity/space. In elephants, the parietal and visceral pleura are joined to each other via loose connective tissues.

The cartilage plate present at the junction where trachea bifurcates into two bronchi is called carina of trachea. The mucous membrane of the carina is the most sensitive area of the trachea and larynx for triggering a cough reflex.

Collembola is a very small insect. It directly breathes through its skin by diffusion of gases.

Pneumotaxic center stimulates expiration center. Expiration center helps exhale more.

Correct Answer: The pressure in the pulmonary cavity increases.

The spiracles of insects are surrounded by hairs to minimise the water loss. They minimise the bulk air movement around the opening. Thus, they minimise the water loss.