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Animal Reproduction

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Consider the following statements: (a) In isogamy, the fusion of two different types of gametes takes place. (b) Female gamete is referred to as macro-gamete, bigger in size, produced in less numbers and are also non-motile. (c) Multiple fission involves the simultaneous division of parent into many small daughter individuals. Which of the above statements is / are correct?

  1. Only (a) and (c)

  2. Only (b) and (c)

  3. Only (a) and (b)

  4. All of the above

  5. None of the above


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Statement (a) is incorrect. In anisogamy, the fusion of two different types of gametes takes place, e.g., higher invertebrates and all vertebrates. Statement (b) is correct. Female gamete is referred to as macro-gamete, bigger in size, produced in less numbers and are also non-motile. Statement (c) is correct. Multiple fission involves the simultaneous division of parent into many small daughter individuals.

Consider the following statements: (a) In conjugation, the fusion of two gametes takes place completely and permanently. (b) Entire mature organism starts to act as gamete and fusion of individuals occurs, this is known as isoogamy. (c) Prostrate gland is present around urethra in males and discharges its secretion into urethra and contributes 15 to 30% of volume of semen. Which of the above statements is / are correct?

  1. Only (a) and (c)

  2. Only (a) and (b)

  3. Only (b) and (c)

  4. All of the above

  5. None of the above


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Statement (a) is correct. In syngamy, the fusion of two gametes takes place completely and permanently. It is most common type of reproduction in plants and animals. Statement (b) is incorrect. Entire mature organism starts to act as gamete and fusion of individuals occurs, this is known as hologamy. Statement (c) is correct. Prostrate gland is present around urethra in males and discharges its secretion into urethra and contributes 15 to 30% of volume of semen.

Consider the following statements: (a) Acrosome facilitates fertilization by rupturing vitelline membrane as it contains hyalourinidase enzymes, which helps the sperm to penetrate into the ovum. (b) Leydig cells are found in the connective tissue around the seminiferous tubules of testes. They secrete testosterone into the blood. (c) Epididymis is a convoluted tube that leads into vas deferens. Which of the above statements is / are incorrect?

  1. Only (a) and (c)

  2. Only (a) and (c)

  3. Only (a) and (c)

  4. All of the above

  5. None of the above


Correct Option: E
Explanation:

Statement (a) is correct. Acrosome facilitates fertilization by rupturing vitelline membrane as it contains hyalourinidase enzymes, which help the sperm to penetrate into the ovum. Statement (b) is correct. Leydig cells are found in the connective tissue around the seminiferous tubules of testes. They secrete testosterone into the blood. Statement (c) is correct. Epididymis is a convoluted tube that leads into vas deferens. In the epididymis, the sperms are temporarily stored so that they become motile. All are correct.

Consider the following statements: (a) Menarchy is the onset of menstrual cycle in young females at about the age of 13 years. (b) Spermatogonial cells are non-gametic cells in the seminiferous tubules which provide nourishment to the developing sperms. (c) Removal of testes in males and ovaries in female is known as castration. Which of the above statements is / are correct?

  1. Only (a) and (b)

  2. Only (a) and (c)

  3. Only (b) and (c)

  4. All of the above

  5. None of the above


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Statement (a) is correct. Menarchy is the onset of menstrual cycle in young females at about the age of 13 years. Statement (b) is incorrect. Sertoli cells, not spermatogonial cells, are non-gametic cells in the seminiferous tubules, which provide nourishment to the developing sperms. Statement (c) is correct. Removal of testes in males and ovaries in female is known as castration.

Consider the following statements: (a) Ovulation is the process where ova are formed and developed in the germinal epithelium of the ovary. (b) Spermiogenesis is the process where spermatids are transformed into haploid and flagellated spermatozoans. (c) Spermatogenesis is the process where haploid spermatozoans are formed from the diploid sperm mother cells in the seminiferous tubules of testes. Which of the above statements is / are correct?

  1. Only (a) and (c)

  2. Only (a) and (b)

  3. Only (b) and (c)

  4. All of the above

  5. None of the above


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Statement (a) is incorrect. Oogenesis, not ovulation, is the process where ova are formed and developed in the germinal epithelium of the ovary. Statement (b) is correct. Spermiogenesis is the process where spermatids are transformed into haploid and flagellated spermatozoans. Statement (c) is correct. Spermatogenesis is the process where haploid spermatozoans are formed from the diploid sperm mother cells in the seminiferous tubules of testes.

Consider the following statements: (a) Vas deferens is a straight muscular tube carrying sperms from epididymis to urethra. (b) Vagina receives the ovum from the ovary and the ovum is fertilized inside the fallopian tube. (c) Fallopian tubes serve as the lower portion of the birth canal and helps in uterine secretion and menstrual flow. Which of the above statements is / are incorrect?

  1. Only (b) and (c)

  2. Only (a) and (c)

  3. Only (a) and (b)

  4. All of the above

  5. None of the above


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Statement (a) is correct. Vas deferens is a straight muscular tube carrying sperms from epididymis to urethra. Statement (b) is incorrect. Fallopian tubes receive the ovum from the ovary and the ovum is fertilized inside the fallopian tube. Statement (c) is incorrect. Vagina serves as the lower portion of the birth canal and helps in uterine secretion and menstrual flow.

Consider the following statements: (a) Scrotum keeps the testes at a cooler temperature than the body temperature to produce viable spermatozoa. (b) Graafian follicles produce the ova and female sex hormone oestrogens. (c) The proximal centriole passes into the ovum during fertilization and helps in first division of the fertilized ovum. Which of the above statements is / are correct?

  1. Only (a) and (c)

  2. Only (a) and (c)

  3. Only (a) and (c)

  4. All of the above

  5. None of the above


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Statement (a) is correct. Scrotum keeps the testes at a cooler temperature than the body temperature to produce viable spermatozoa. Statement (b) is correct. Graafian follicles produce the ova and female sex hormone oestrogens. Statement (c) is correct. The proximal centriole passes into the ovum during fertilization and helps in first division of the fertilized ovum. All are correct.

Consider the following statements: (a) Surgical removal of uterus is called hysterectomy. (b) Partial or complete absence of sperms in semen is called zoospermia. (c) The period from fertilization till birth of child is called gestation period. Which of the above statements is / are correct?

  1. Only (b) and (c)

  2. Only (a) and (c)

  3. Only (a) and (b)

  4. All of the above

  5. None of the above


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Statement (a) is correct. Surgical removal of uterus is called hysterectomy. Statement (b) is incorrect. Partial or complete absence of sperms in semen is called azoospermia. Statement (c) is correct. The period from fertilization till birth of child is called gestation period.

Consider the following statements: (a) The method of surgical operation in female where fallopian tube is cut and tied for family planning is called vasectomy. (b) The gestation period in human female is around 380 days. (c) The full form of AIH is Artificial Insemination Husband. Which of the above statements is / are incorrect?

  1. Only (a) and (b)

  2. Only (a) and (c)

  3. Only (b) and (c)

  4. All of the above

  5. None of the above


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Statement (a) is incorrect. The method of surgical operation in female where fallopian tube is cut and tied for family planning is called tubectomy. Statement (b) is incorrect. The gestation period in human female is around 280 days. Statement (c) is correct. The full form of AIH is Artificial Insemination Husband.

Consider the following statements: (a) The main blood vessel from placenta enter the foetus through a thick cord called umbilical cord. (b) Menstruation is also called weeping of uterus for the lost ovum. (c) Labia minora fuses posteriorly to form a membranous fold called fourchette. Which of the above statements is / are incorrect?

  1. Only (b) and (c)

  2. Only (a) and (b)

  3. Only (a) and (c)

  4. All of the above

  5. None of the above


Correct Option: E
Explanation:

Statement (a) is correct. The main blood vessel from placenta enter the foetus through a thick cord called umbilical cord. Statement (b) is correct. Menstruation is also called weeping of uterus for the lost ovum. Statement (c) is correct. Labia minora fuses posteriorly to form a membranous fold called fourchette. All the three statements are correct.

Consider the following statements: (a) Degenerative process of germ cells (i.e. oogonia) is called atresia. (b) If only males are produced parthenogenitically, then the process is called thelotoky. (c) Arrhenotoky is the process of production of only female individuals parthenogenitically. Which of the above statements is / are incorrect?

  1. Only (a) and (c)

  2. Only (a) and (b)

  3. Only (b) and (c)

  4. All of the above

  5. None of the above


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Statement (a) is correct. Degenerative process of germ cells (i.e., oogonia) is called atresia. Statement (b) is incorrect. If only males are produced parthenogenitically, then the process is called arrhenotoky. Statement (c) is incorrect. Thelotoky is the process of production of only female individuals parthenogenitically.

Consider the following statements: (a) Endometrium is the innermost layer of uterus, which is highly vascularised and rich in glands. (b) Gametogenesis is the process of formation of gametes in sexual reproduction. (c) Ribosomes provide energy for the movement of sperm. Which of the above statements is / are correct?

  1. Only (a) and (c)

  2. Only (a) and (b)

  3. Only (b) and (c)

  4. All of the above

  5. None of the above


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Statement (a) is correct. Endometrium is the innermost layer of uterus, which is highly vascularised and rich in glands. Statement (b) is correct. Gametogenesis is the process of formation of gametes in sexual reproduction. Statement (c) is incorrect. Mitochondria provides energy for the movement of sperm. Ribosomes are not present.

Consider the following statements: (a) Funnel lying close to the ovary is called infundibulum. (b) The period of endometrial repair and regeneration is called regenerative phase. (c) Copulation chamber in the human female is vagina. Which of the above statements is / are incorrect?

  1. Only (a)

  2. Only (b)

  3. Only (c)

  4. All of the above

  5. None of the above


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Statement (b) is incorrect. The period of endometrial repair and regeneration is called proliferative phase, not regenerative phase.

Consider the following statements: (a) Uterus is the site for implantation of embryo, menstruation and child birth. (b) Fallopian tubes secrete progesterone hormone for maintaining pregnancy. (c) Seminiferous tubules form the spermatozoa and secrete testosterone. Which of the above statements is / are correct?

  1. Only (a) and (b)

  2. Only (b) and (c)

  3. Only (a) and (c)

  4. All of the above

  5. None of the above


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Statement (a) is correct. Uterus is the site for implantation of embryo, menstruation and child birth. Statement (b) is incorrect. Corpus luteum, not fallopian tubes, secrete progesterone hormone for maintaining pregnancy. Statement (c) is correct. Seminiferous tubules form the spermatozoa and secrete testosterone.

Consider the following statements: (a) Cowper's gland is present below prostate gland and its secretion is alkaline and serves as lubricant for semen. (b) Egg is a result of gametogenesis (oogenesis) and has haploid number of chromosomes. (c) Zygote is a result of fertilisation of egg by male gamete and has diploid number of chromosomes. Which of the above statements are correct?

  1. Only (b) and (c)

  2. Only (a) and (c)

  3. Only (a) and (b)

  4. All of the above

  5. None of these


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Statement (a) is correct. Cowper's gland is present below prostate gland and its secretion is alkaline and serves as lubricant for semen. Statement (b) is correct. Egg is a result of gametogenesis (oogenesis) and has haploid number of chromosomes. Statement (c) is correct. Zygote is a result of fertilisation of egg by male gamete and has diploid number of chromosomes.

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