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Endocrine System - 1

Description: Endocrine System - I
Number of Questions: 20
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Tags: Endocrine System - I Nervous System and Hormones in Animals
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Which of the following glands does not pour its secretion into blood?

  1. Thyroid

  2. Adrenal

  3. Pituitary

  4. Parotid

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Parotid is an exocrine gland. It pours its secretion in ducts.

Which of the following statements is true regarding action of hormones?

  1. Hormonal control is spontaneous and immediate.

  2. Hormones do not affect growth.

  3. Hormones can affect any organ.

  4. Hormones have only short term effects.

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Action of hormones is widespread in the body and they can affect any organ of the body.

The secretion of _________________ glands is poured into duct as well as in blood.

  1. pituitary

  2. thyroid

  3. pancreas

  4. adrenal

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Pancreas has both endocrine as well as exocrine functions.

A patient reports to a physician with a large swelling in the front side of the neck. Which of the following glands can be affected?

  1. Parotid

  2. Thyroid

  3. Thymus

  4. Adrenalin

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Thyroid gland is situated in front of the neck, just below the larynx. The hyposecretion of this gland can cause goitre (swelling of neck).

A child shows poor growth of body and mental development. Which of the following hormones is deficient in the child?

  1. Calcitonin

  2. Insulin

  3. Thyroxin

  4. Parathormone

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

The hypo-secretion of thyroxin causes cretinism characterised by mental retardation and dwarfism.

Which of the following statements are true? (i) Excess of a hormone can lead to serious consequences. (ii) Hormones are biologically active in large quantities. (iii) All hormones are water soluble. (iv) Chemically some hormones are proteins, steroids or amines.

  1. Both (i) and (ii)

  2. Both (ii) and (iii)

  3. Both (i) and (iv)

  4. Both (iii) and (iv)

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Excess or deficiency of a hormone can have serious consequences. Hormones can be proteins, steroids or amines.

People living in hilly areas commonly develop a visible swelling in the neck. Which of the following factors is responsible for it?

  1. Hilly regions have water deficient in fluorine.

  2. Hilly regions have water deficient in sodium.

  3. Hilly regions have soil deficient in iodine.

  4. Hilly regions have soil deficient in nitrogen.

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Hilly regions have soil deficient in iodine leading to insufficient quantity of iodine in food. This causes goitre, which results in swelling of neck.

A patient has swelling of face and hands, and also appears sluggish. His thyroid gland is found to be functioning improperly. From which of the following conditions is he suffering?

  1. Cretinism

  2. Simple goitre

  3. Myxodema

  4. Exophthalmic goitre

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Myxodema causes the swelling of face and hands along with sluggishness.

Which of the following conditions will not be treated by taking thyroxine or iodine?

  1. Simple goitre

  2. Exophthalmic goitre

  3. Cretinism

  4. Myxodema

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Exophthalmic goitre is caused by hypersecretion of thyroxin. So, it will not be treated by thyroxin or iodine supplementation.

A lady has protruding eyes, shortness of breath, restlessness and rapid heartbeat with goitre in neck. Which of the following will be found in her thyroid test?

  1. Hyposecretion of thyroxin

  2. Hypersecretion of thyroxin

  3. Absence of thyroxin

  4. Absence of calcitonin

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

These are the symptoms of exophthalmic goitre, which is caused by hypersecretion of thyroxin.

Which of the following hormones has an anti-inflammation effect?

  1. Thyroxine

  2. Cortisone

  3. Insulin

  4. ADH

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Cortisone suppresses inflammation.

The longitudinal section of kidney shows outer cortex and inner medulla. Which of the following glands have the similar structure?

  1. Thyroids

  2. Pituitary

  3. Adrenal

  4. Pancreas

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Adrenal glands have the similar structure with peripheral cortex and central medulla.

Which of the following conversions is carried out in liver under the action of adrenaline?

  1. Glycogen to glucose

  2. Glucose to glycogen

  3. Fatty acids to fats

  4. Amino acids to proteins

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Liver converts glycogen to glucose to make it available in blood for energy production.

A hormone regulates mineral metabolism, specially sodium and potassium ions. Which of following can be the site of secretion of this hormone?

  1. Pancreas

  2. Thyroid gland

  3. Adrenal gland

  4. Thymus

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Adrenal cortex releases mineralocorticoids, which regulates the metabolism of minerals like sodium and potassium.

Which of the following glands are affected when male characteristics appear in a female and vice-versa?

  1. Thyroid

  2. Adrenal

  3. Parathyroid

  4. Pancreas

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Adrenal virilism is the condition, which occurs due to overgrowth of adrenal cortex.

Which of the following statements are TRUE for calcitonin? (i) It is secreted when calcium level is high in blood. (ii) It is secreted when calcium level is low in blood. (iii) It moves calcium from blood to bones. (iv) It moves calcium from bones to blood. (v) It moves calcium from blood to urine.

  1. (i) and (v)

  2. (ii) and (iv)

  3. (i) and (iii)

  4. (iii) and (iv)

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Calcitonin is secreted when calcium level is high in blood, and it moves calcium from blood into bones.

If a person is suffering from Cushing's syndrome, which of the following will be found in his blood report?

  1. Hypersecretion of thyroxine hormone

  2. Hyposecretion of thyroxine hormone

  3. Hypersecretion of adrenal cortex hormones

  4. Hyposecretion of adrenal cortex hormones

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Cushing's syndrome is caused by hypersecretion of adrenal cortex.

A patient is suffering from skin pigmentation, hypoglycaemia, and sensitivity to cold and pain with increased susceptibility to infections. Which of the following is true for this patient?

  1. Hypersecretion of adrenal cortex

  2. Hypersecretion of adrenal medulla

  3. Hyposecretion of adrenal cortex

  4. Hyposecretion of adrenal medulla

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Patient is suffering from Addison's disease, which occurs due to hyposecretion of adrenal cortex.

A patient suffers from obesity, hyperglycemia, osteoporosis weakness, high blood sugar, salt and water retention. Which of the following glands is not functioning normally in the patient?

  1. Adrenal

  2. Pancreas

  3. Thyroid

  4. Parathyroid

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

These are the symptoms of Cushing's syndrome, which is caused by hypersecretion of adrenal cortex.

Which of the following is NOT an endocrine secretion of pancreas?

  1. Insulin

  2. Trypsin

  3. Somatostatin

  4. Glucagon

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Trypsin is an exocrine secretion, which is poured into duodenum for digestion.

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