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Categorisation/Argumentation - 3

Description: Categorisation/Argumentation - 3
Number of Questions: 15
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Tags: Categorisation/Argumentation - 3 Fact Inference Judgement Sentence Completion Reasoning Verbal Reasoning
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Directions: In the following question, an incomplete statement is provided. You have to select the option which most logically completes the idea in the question statement.

An act of justice closes the book on a misdeed; an act of vengeance _________.

  1. writes one of its own

  2. opens new books

  3. reopens the first chapter

  4. writes an epilogue

  5. brings forth the pay back


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The answer option presents a contrast. Vengeance is opposite of justice. Vengeance opens, justice settles. Hence, this is the correct answer.

Directions: In the following question, an incomplete statement is provided. You have to select the option which most logically completes the idea in the question statement.

This is about _________ a sociological analysis can penetrate.

  1. as far as

  2. the outer limit that

  3. just how far into the subject

  4. just the relative distance that

  5. the extent to which


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

(3) and (4) can be eliminated because of the usage of 'just'. Even (2) does not make coherent sense. Out of (1) and (5), (1) is a better fit.

Directions: From the alternatives, choose the one which correctly classifies the four sentences as a F: Fact: If it relates to a known matter of direct observation, or an existing reality or something known to be true, J: Judgment: If it is an opinion or estimate or anticipation of common sense or intention. I: Inference: If it is a logical conclusion or deduction about something, based on the knowledge of facts. A. The prices of electronic goods are falling. B. Since we have substantial reductions in import duties, this is obvious. C. The trend is bound to continue in the near future. D. But the turnover of the electronic industry is still rising, because the consumers are increasing at a rapid rate.

  1. IFJF

  2. FJII

  3. FIJF

  4. JIFF

  5. FFJI


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

It is easy to see that A is a fact and C is a judgment. B cannot be a fact by any stretch of imagination.

Directions: From the alternatives, choose the one which correctly classifies the four sentences. F: Fact: If it relates to a known matter of direct observation, or an existing reality or something known to be true, J: Judgment: If it is an opinion or estimate or anticipation of common sense or intention. I: Inference: If it is a logical conclusion or deduction about something, based on the knowledge of facts. A. In the past, it appears, wealth distribution, and not wealth creation has dominated economic policy. B. Clearly, the government has not bothered to eradicate poverty. C. Today's liberalization is far from the hitherto Nehruvian socialism. D. Results are evident in the form of a boom in the manufacturing sector output and turnover of all industries.

  1. FJIF

  2. FIFJ

  3. IJlF

  4. JIJF

  5. IJJI


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

 C is a judgment and D is a fact. Hence, (4)

Directions: In the following question, an incomplete statement is provided. You have to select the option which most logically completes the idea in the question statement.

The highest reward for a man's toil is not what he gets for it but what _________.

  1. he makes out of it

  2. he gets for others

  3. he has overcome through it

  4. he becomes by it

  5. he thinks he deserves


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

The only choice is between (1) and (4). It is not what a man makes out of a reward, but what the effort itself makes him.

Directions: The statement below is followed by five others. Select the one which most complements the idea contained in the given statement.

On the one hand, capitalism requires the engine of self interest of greed, if you will while on the other hand, society requires attention to the general interest, the ________.

  1. supremacy of the collective engine of interest

  2. taming of greed

  3. socialistic concept of greed

  4. transformation of greed and animosity

  5. compatibility of individual and collective good


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

On the one hand, it provides a contrast. The blank ought to sustain the contrast. Hence, (2): 'Greed' and 'taming of greed'.

Directions: The statement below is followed by five others. Select the one which most complements the idea contained in the given statement.

Basically, we like the free market only as long as the trend is up. _________.

  1. We refuse to see the long term benefits of the downward trend.

  2. What we need to cultivate is an attitude of equanimity.

  3. We forget for the moment that the things will pick up.

  4. As soon as the inevitable downturn occurs, we complain bitterly and expect the government to fix the things.

  5. The sooner the downward trends appear, our moods register a downturn too.


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

'Only as long as' also helps us predict that the same is not true as soon as the position gets reversed. The choice is only between (4) and (5), but (5) is rendered incorrect by the use of 'The sooner'.

Directions: The statement below is followed by five others. Select the one which most complements the idea contained in the given statement.

The illusion that times that were are better than those that are _________.

  1. shatters our belief in future

  2. has probably pervaded all ages

  3. makes our lives miserable

  4. often gives us hope and peace

  5. is based more on hearsay than on facts


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

The only real choice is between (2) and (5).  On a closer scrutiny, (2) appears more logical. This has been an illusion through the ages.

Directions: The statement below is followed by five others. Select the one which most complements the idea contained in the given statement.

Since children are less convenient to manipulate than guinea pigs, _________.

  1. educational research is often short of hard data

  2. doctors have to depend more on the latter than the former

  3. the latter have to pay the price for the former's intransigence

  4. the research findings from the latter source are generally considered to be more reliable than that obtained from the former

  5. child psychologists are often compelled to use more data obtained from the latter sources


Correct Option: E
Explanation:

The comparison is between two sources of data. Since one is inconvenient, the second is relied upon.

Directions: The statement below is followed by five others. Select the one which most complements the idea contained in the given statement.

Since they first became part of living room furniture, television remote controls have become the advertiser's scourge. Some analysts reckon that _________.

  1. the instruments will make TV advertising completely ineffective

  2. as many as a third of all ads are zapped by viewers

  3. the instrument greatly interferes with the watching of wholesome TV programmes

  4. soon the advertising industry will have no option but to approach the government to ban the instrument

  5. there ought to be advertisements to coax the viewers out of the frequent use of remote controls


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

'The advertiser's scourge is the clue. 'If the viewers change the channel during ads, it becomes a menace for advertisers. This results in the remote control becoming a scourge for the advertisers. Hence, (2) is the most appropriate answer choice.

Directions: The statement below is followed by five others. Select the one which most complements the idea contained in the given statement.

Language is the dress of thought;

  1. it is the thought that gives coherent shape to your language

  2. the former covers the latter

  3. the former providing words to the latter

  4. the expression revealed by the language

  5. every time you talk your mind is on parade


Correct Option: E
Explanation:

Dress is the outer appearance of a person. Likewise, language or our talk puts our mind on parade or show. This is coherent to the first part and makes it the correct answer choice.

Directions: In the following question, an incomplete statement is provided which is most logically completed by one of the given options. Select the appropriate option.

The European Economic Community will be a major threat to the

  1. hegemony of the US

  2. economic supremacy and power of the US

  3. development of indigenous Indian industry

  4. future German domination of Europe

  5. free Trade Areas across Asia and Americas


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

EEC is an economic community. So, it can only be an economic threat. And it can be a major threat mainly to the dominant force. Hence, (2) is correct.

Directions: The statement below is followed by five others. Select the one which most complements the idea contained in the given statement.

If the society is organised as a political entity, elections and other political processes will tend to exacerbate conflict;

  1. but this will happen only when we indulge in politics of division

  2. social and cultural divisions get sharpened under tutelage of the political masters

  3. that is perhaps an inadvertent price we have to pay for democracy

  4. properly directed they could be used to reduce it

  5. that is perhaps why autocracies have better conflict management


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Note that the given part of the sentence ends with a semicolon. This means that the missing part should restate or illustrate the argument or present an opposite view. (3) and (5) need to begin as new sentences. (1) needs only a comma. (2) is irrelevant.

Directions: The statement below is followed by five others. Select the one which most complements the idea contained in the given statement.

The miserable salaries provided to the general Indian service class

  1. are well defined as per the constitution of India

  2. are balanced through the total job security

  3. are never a cause for concern to anybody

  4. are very miserable and pathetic

  5. are reflective of their performance


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

The occurrence of the word 'miserable' in the given part of sentence helps us understand that the second part of sentence shall not have anything positive regarding salaries. Thus, automatically options (2) and (5) can be rejected. Option (4) is syntactically incorrect and non-sensical. Options (1) and (3), both are grammatically correct, but option (3) is more valid as it more closely represents the idea.

Directions: In the following question, an incomplete statement is provided which is most logically completed by one of the given options. Select the appropriate option.

Disinvestment of government's equity in the public sector is a very important step that could

  1. propel India to faster economic growth

  2. create a synergistic industrial climate

  3. lead to greater emphasis on productivity and profitability

  4. change the complacent work policies and attitudes in the public sector

  5. free capital locked up in unproductive investments


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

(1) and (2) are far fetched. (5) is extreme. (3) does not talk of public sector at all.

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