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Ecology

Description: Ecology
Number of Questions: 15
Created by:
Tags: Ecology Biotechnology
Attempted 0/15 Correct 0 Score 0

Directions: The following question has four choices out of which ONLY ONE is correct.

The vegetation found between the tree line and the snow line is called as

  1. savannah

  2. meadow

  3. alpine meadow

  4. deciduous forest


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

 Alpine meadows are seen where sediments from the weathering of rocks have produced soils, which are developed enough to support plants like grasses and sedges.

Bio-geochemical cycle of which element has atmospheric phase:

  1. carbon

  2. sodium

  3. phosphorus

  4. magnesium


Correct Option: A

Which of the following pair is a sedimentary type of a biogeochemical cycle?

  1. Oxygen and nitrogen

  2. Phosphorus and sulphur

  3. phosphorus and nitrogen

  4. phosphorus and carbondioxide


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Circulation of a exchange of biogeneric non gaseous nutrients between living and non living world is called sedimentary type of biogeochemical cycle e.g. phosphorus and sulphur.

Which of the following is not true about biodiversity?

  1. maximum biodiversity occurs in trophic

  2. introduction of exotic species may cause the loss of biodiversity

  3. diversity of the habitats over the total landscape or geographical area is called gamma diversity

  4. hotspot concept developed by Norman Mayers to designate priority areas for ex-situ conservation of biodiversity


Correct Option: D

Which of the following is not a character of r-selected species?

  1. small adult size

  2. long generation time

  3. a high energy allocation to reproduction

  4. maximum population growth


Correct Option: B

When a forest that is destroyed by fire and again reoccupied by herbs in the initial stage is an example of

  1. primary succession

  2. autogenic succession

  3. secondary succession

  4. climax stage


Correct Option: C

Which one of the following is not generally a features of shifting cultivation?

  1. relatively small field

  2. slash and burn forest clearing

  3. regular pesticide application

  4. local consumption of crops


Correct Option: C

Choose the mismatch

  1. limnology - study of fresh water ecosystem

  2. phenology - study of periodic changes in plants and animals in relation to season

  3. autoecology - study of interaction of individual organism or species with environment

  4. standing crop - amount of inorganic matters at any given time in an ecosystem


Correct Option: D

The transfer of energy through a terrestrial ecosystem is often depicted by energy pyramids. Which one of the following statement is true?

  1. ecological efficiency is highest for top consumers

  2. about 10% of the energy from one trophic level is incorporated into the biomass of the next level

  3. the energy lost as the heat in respiration is 10% of the available energy of each trophic level

  4. only 25% of energy in one trophic level is passed on to the next level


Correct Option: B

The length of the food chain in an ecosystem is generally limited to 3 - 4 trophic levels because

  1. quality of energy increases from lower to higher trophic levels

  2. quantity of energy decreases from lower to higher trophic levels

  3. quantity of energy increases from lower to higher trophic levels

  4. flow of energy is unidirectional


Correct Option: B

Assertion(A): Farmen et al reported that from 1875 to 1985, a reduction of 40% to 50% of ozone content over Antarctica occured, reaching Southern New Zealand, Australia and Southern America. Reasoning (R): Ozone layer thinning in the stratosphere directly influences the increase in global warming.

  1. Both Assertion and Reasoning are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

  2. Both Assertion and Reasoning are true and R is not the correct explanation of A.

  3. A is true and R is false.

  4. Both A and R are false


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Ozone layer thinning in the stratosphere increases global warming due to the penetration of UV rays through the ozone layer.

Which of the following statements is/are not true about the nitrogen cycle? A. Biological nitrogen fixation amounts to more than 60% of the annual total fixation. B. Nitrogen fixation is achieved industrially by Haber Bosch process. C. Nitrification involves the reduction of nitrogen compounds. D. Decomposers carry out deamination resulting in the release of nitrogen. E. Nitrosomonas reduces ammonia to nitrites.

  1. A and B only

  2. B, C and E

  3. C, D and E

  4. D and E only


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

 Nitrification involves oxidation of nitrogen compounds.  The decomposers carry out a process called deamination which results in the release of ammonia. Ammonia undergoes oxidation to give nitrates.

The interbreeding organisms in a species showing continuous distribution form

  1. an endemic population

  2. a deme

  3. a cline

  4. an ecotone


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

A deme is a term used for a local population of organisms of one species that actively interbreed with one another and share a distinct gene pool.

Which of the following statements is/are false? P. genetic diversity helps prevent a species from becoming extinct Q. the phenomenon in which animals with favorable adaptation reproduce more rapidly is called differential reproduction R. geographic isolation is a common mechanism contributing to speciation S. biologists estimate that 99% of all the species that have ever existed are now extinct

  1. P, R

  2. P, S

  3. Q, R

  4. none of these


Correct Option: D

The role of decomposers in nitrogen cycle is to

  1. fix N2 into ammonia

  2. release ammonia from organic compounds, thus returning it to the soil

  3. denitrify ammonia thus returning N2 into the soil

  4. incorporate nitrogen into amino acids and organic compounds


Correct Option: B
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