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Microbial Diseases (GATE)

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Which of the following food crop diseases are caused by a virus?

  1. Citrus canker and rice stripe necrosis

  2. Cassava mosaic disease and rice stripe necrosis

  3. Potato late blight and citrus canker

  4. Rice stripe necrosis and potato late blight

  5. Potato late blight and cassava mosaic disease


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Cassava mosaic disease is caused by Begomovirus. Rice stripe necrosis rice is caused by stripe necrosis virus rice.

Which of the following is a pair of protozoan diseases?

  1. Chagas’ disease and malaria

  2. Ebola haemorrhagic fever and dengue haemorrhagic fever

  3. Typhoid fever and yellow fever

  4. Cholera and diphtheria

  5. Bubonic plague and rabies


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Chagas’ disease is caused by Trypanosoma cruzi (protozoan). Malaria is caused by Plasmodium falciparum (protozoan).

Which of the following is not a viral disease?

  1. Hepatitis A

  2. Mumps

  3. Measles

  4. Leprosy

  5. Rubella


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Leprosy is a bacterial disease caused by Mycobacterium leprae.

Nosocomial diseases are

  1. transmitted by air and usually inhaled

  2. transmitted through contact with infected blood

  3. ingested with food

  4. transmitted during stay in a hospital

  5. ingested with drinking or recreational waters


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Nosocomial diseases are transmitted during stay in a hospital.

Match the columns:

 
Column I Column II
P. Sporadic disease 1. Disease that remains in a population, causing new cases at a regular frequency
Q. Epidemic disease 2. Sudden increase in a disease in a large population in a given period
R. Pandemic disease 3. Expansion of an epidemic over a very large region, usually worldwide
S. Endemic disease 4. Disease that appears occasionally in a population at irregular intervals
  1. P - 1; Q - 2; R - 3; S - 4

  2. P - 2; Q - 1; R - 4; S - 3

  3. P - 3; Q - 2; R - 1; S - 4

  4. P - 3; Q - 4; R - 1; S - 2

  5. P - 4; Q - 2; R - 3; S - 1


Correct Option: E
Explanation:

Correct matching is P - 4; Q - 2; R - 3; S - 1.

Which of the following is a pair of antimicrobials acting as inhibitors of nucleic acid synthesis?

  1. β-lactam and macrolides

  2. Aminoglycosides and tetracyclines

  3. Rifamycins and quinolones

  4. Sulfonamides and β-lactam

  5. Rifamycins and sulfonamide


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Rifamycins and quinolones are inhibitors of nucleic acid synthesis.

The first genetically engineered vaccine was developed by

  1. Hall and Ammerer

  2. James Thomson

  3. Nathans, Smith and Arber

  4. Holley, Khorana and Nirenberg

  5. Watson and Crick


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Benjamin Hall and Gustav Ammerer developed the first genetically engineered vaccine (hepatitis B).

All of the following are bacterial diseases, except

  1. tuberculosis

  2. pertussis

  3. Clostridium tetani

  4. poliomyelitis

  5. diphtheria


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Poliomyelitis is a viral disease caused by polio virus.

Match the columns:

 
Column I Column II
P. Coffee rust 1. Cronartium ribicola
Q. Corn smut 2. Ustilago maydis
R. White pine rust 3. Hemileia vastatrix
S. Chestnut blight 4. Endothia parasitica
  1. P - 2; Q - 1; R - 4; S - 3

  2. P - 2; Q - 4; R - 1; S - 3

  3. P - 3; Q - 2; R - 1; S - 4

  4. P - 3; Q - 4; R - 1; S - 2

  5. P - 4; Q - 1; R - 3; S - 2


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Correct matching is P - 3; Q - 2; R - 1; S - 4.

Dandruff is caused by

  1. Candida albicans

  2. Corynebacterium acnes

  3. Malassezia furfur

  4. Staphylococcus aureus

  5. Streptococcus pneumoniae


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Normal habitat of Malassezia furfur in human body is scalp. It causes dandruff.

Match the columns:

 
Column I Column II
P. Non-gonococcal urethritis 1. Mycoplasma genitalium
Q. Pyelonephritis 2. Mycoplasma hominis
R. Mycoplasmal pneumonia 3. Mycoplasma pneumoniae
  1. P - 1; Q - 2; R - 3

  2. P - 1; Q - 3; R - 2

  3. P - 2; Q - 1; R - 3

  4. P - 2; Q - 3; R - 1

  5. P - 3; Q - 2; R - 1


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Correct matching is P - 1; Q - 2; R - 3.

Match the columns:

 
Column I Column II
A. Azidothymidine 1. Protease inhibitor
B. Delaviridine 2. Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor
C. Indinavir 3. Non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor
  1. A - 1; B - 2; C - 3

  2. A - 1; B - 3; C - 2

  3. A - 2; B - 1; C - 3

  4. A - 2; B - 3; C - 1

  5. A - 3; B - 2; C - 1


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Azidothymidine is a nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor. Delaviridine is a non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor. Indinavir is a protease inhibitor.

Which of the following is/are first-generation derivative(s) of methicillin?

  1. Carfecillin
  2. Amoxycillin
  3. Oxacillin
  1. Only 1

  2. Only 2

  3. Only 3

  4. 1 and 2

  5. 2 and 3


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Oxacillin is a first-generation derivative of methicillin.

Which of the following fungal pathogens primarily affect grain crops?

  1. Alternaria and Puccinia

  2. Alternaria and Fusarium

  3. Fusarium and Puccinia

  4. Puccinia and Ustilago

  5. Alternaria and Ustilago


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Puccinia causes leaf and stem rust in grain crops. Ustilago causes leaf and smut disease in grain crops.

Match the columns:

 
Column I Column II
P. Acute 1. having a long duration
Q. Chronic 2. appears suddenly and may be brief in duration
R. Fulminating 3. microorganism has spread throughout the body
S. Systemic 4. microorganisms multiply rapidly to high numbers
  1. P - 1; Q - 2; R - 3; S - 4

  2. P - 1; Q - 3; R - 2; S - 4

  3. P - 2; Q - 1; R - 4; S - 3

  4. P - 2; Q - 4; R - 1; S - 3

  5. P - 3; Q - 1; R - 4; S - 2


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Correct matching is P - 2; Q - 1; R - 4; S - 3.

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