Chlorella, Spirulina, Yeasts

Propionibacterium, Jatropha, Hevea brasiliensis

Agrobacterium tumifacium, Spirulina, Hevea brasiliensis

Propionibacterium, Agrobacterium tumifacium, Yeasts

Chlorella, Spirulina, Agrobacterium tumifacium

Penicillin, Streptomycin, Griseofulvin

Chloramphenicol, Griseofulvin, Oxytetracycline

Streptomycin, Chloramphenicol, Oxytetracycline

Streptomycin, Oxytetracycline, Bacitracin

Griseofulvin, Chloramphenicol, Penicillin

Glucoamylase and pullulanase

Glucoamylase and amylase

Pullulanase and isoamylase

Isoamylase and amylase

Glucose isomerase and amylase

Induced fit theory of enzymes was given by Emil Fischer.

Michaelis constant is the substrate concentration at which enzyme reaction proceeds at half the maximum velocity.

Synthesis of enzymes is directed by tRNA.

Enzymes exists in cells as solids.

Zymogen is an enzyme.

tissue culture, micro-propagation and asexual reproduction

tissue culture, micro-propagation and somatic hybridization

transplantation, micro-propagation and somatic hybridization

recombinant DNA technology, tissue culture and somatic hybridization

recombinant DNA technology, asexual reproduction and transplantation

Yellow colour of seeds, white colour of flower, inflated seed pods

Green colour of unripe pods, axillary position of flowers, round shape of seeds

Tall stem, constricted seed pods, terminal position of flowers

Green colour of seeds, purple colour of flower, inflated seed pods

Yellow colour of unripe pods, axillary position of flowers, round shape of seeds

Bordeaux mixture: Fungicide

Sodium chlorate: Herbicide

Zinc sulphide: Rodenticide

Atrazine: Nematicide

DDT: Insecticide

β-glucanase

Pullulanase

Penicillin amidase

Alkaline protease

Neutral protease

Lactobacillus bulgaricus and Streptococcus thermophilus

Leuconostoc mesenteroids and Enterobacter aerogenes

Enterobactor aerogens and Fusarium moniliforme

Streptococcus lactis and Leuconostoc citrovorus

Fusarium moniliforme and Streptococcus thermophilus

Pyrethrum, carbaryl, malathion

Azadirachtin, rotenone, carbaryl

Rotenone, pyrethrum, endosulphan

Carbaryl, endosulphan, lindane

Azadirachtin, rotenone, pyrethrum

Insulin is secreted by the by β-cells of islets of Langerhans.

Human insulin is a polypeptide of 51 amino acids arranged in a single chain.

Banting and Best isolated insulin from dog’s pancreas.

Insulin regulates carbohydrate metabolism.

Humulin is synthetic human insulin.

Crotalaria juncea, Trifolium alexandriunum, Medicago sativum

Azolla pinnata, Trifolium alexandriunum, Chrysolina beetles

Metarhizium flavoride, Medicago sativum, Crotalaria juncea

Cactoblastes cactorum, Chrysolina beetles, Metarhizium flavoride

Trifolium alexandriunum, Cactoblastes cactorum, Azolla pinnata

E.B. Lewis, E. Weischaus, C. Nusselein-Volhard : Genetic control of embryonic development

Sydney Brenner, John E. Sulston , H. Robert Horitz : Genetic regulation of organ development and programmed cell death

R. Holly, H.G. Khorana and M.W. Nirenberg : Genetic code and base sequence of t-RNA

A. Korenberg and S. Ochoa : Operon model of gene control

James Watson, Francis Crick and Maurice Wilkins : Double helix structure of DNA

Streptokinase: Lysis of blood clots

Rennin: Cheese production

Cellulase: Fruit and vegetable processing

Lipase: Fat and oil processing

Acidic protease: Detergent making

J. Sumner – Crystallization of first enzyme

F.A. Lipmang – Discovery of coenzyme-A and its role in metabolism

E. Fischer and Krebs - Alteration of enzyme activity by phosphorylation/ dephosphorylation

F. Sanger - Action of enzymes

W. Arber, D. Nathans and Hamilton O. Smith – Discovery of restriction enzymes