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Matter in Our Surroundings - 1 (Class IX)

Description: Matter in Our Surrounding - 1
Number of Questions: 15
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Tags: Matter in Our Surrounding - 1 Characteristics and Physical Nature of Matter Five Different States of Matter Change in States of Matter Evaporation
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The particles of which of the following are ionised?

a. Solids b. Liquids c. Gases d. Plasma

  1. a and b

  2. b and c

  3. c and d

  4. only c

  5. only d


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

This is the correct answer. Plasma contains super energetic particles in the form of ionised gases.

Diffusion is very fast in

  1. solids

  2. liquids

  3. gases

  4. None of these


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

In liquids, there is less space to move, so collisions are more frequent between the molecules causing a slower diffusion rate. The opposite happens in gases. There is more space in gases. As a result, there are less collisions between the molecules causing a faster diffusion rate. Other factors that may have an effect on diffusion rates are temperature, mass of the molecule, volume/surface area and the medium used.

The state of matter with only one free surface is

  1. liquid

  2. gas

  3. solid

  4. plasma


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

A liquid is a nearly incompressible fluid that conforms to the shape of its container, but retains a (nearly) constant volume independent of pressure. As such, it is one of the four fundamental states of matter (the others being solid, gas, and plasma), and is the only state with a definite volume, but no fixed shape.

Solids are rigid in nature, yet a sponge can be compressed. Why?

  1. Because the bonds in the particles of a sponge can be broken easily

  2. Because a sponge has minute holes in which air is trapped

  3. Because the particles of a sponge have weak forces of attraction

  4. Because the shape of solids is not fixed


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

A sponge has minute holes in which air is trapped. When we press it, the air is expelled out and we are able to compress it. 

Why is it difficult to break an iron nail?

  1. Because its particles possess high kinetic energy

  2. Because its particles have strong forces of attraction

  3. Because its particles possess high mechanical energy

  4. Because its particles cannot be further divided into smaller particles


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Particles of matter in the solid state have strong attractive forces between them. This force, known as the force of cohesion, keeps the particles together. Particles of iron have very strong forces of attraction, and the particles are tightly bonded to each other. So, it is difficult to overcome these forces and hence, break an iron nail. 

When water solidifies to ice, heat

  1. is absorbed

  2. is evolved

  3. remains constant

  4. None of these


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

When water solidifies to ice, heat is evolved.

Which of the following properties is responsible for the conversion of substances into vapour without passing through the liquid state on heating?

  1. Evaporation

  2. Condensation

  3. Sublimation

  4. None of these


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Sublimation is the property responsible for the conversion of substances into vapour without passing through the liquid state on heating. 

Like gases, plasmas do not have a definite shape or volume. But unlike gases,

  1. plasma state is reached at a very low temperature

  2. plasma state is electrically conductive

  3. plasmas produce magnetic field

  4. Both (2) and (3)

  5. All of the above


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Plasma is considered as the fourth state of matter. Plasmas are similar to gases. All stars are made of plasma. Because of the presence of plasma, stars glow. Plasma is formed because of nuclear fusion in stars.

Why is it difficult to move your hand through a table, while it is easy to move your hand through air?

  1. Because particles are loosely packed in solid state, but are tightly packed in gaseous state

  2. Because particles in solid state possess weak forces of attraction, but those in gaseous state possess strong forces of attraction

  3. Because particles in solid state have a negligible space in between them, but those in gaseous state have a large space in between them

  4. Because particles in solid state possess high kinetic energy, but those in gaseous state possess low kinetic energy


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

The constituent particles of solids are tightly packed and in the absence of inter-particle spaces no object can move through it. Movement through  the gaseous state of matter is possible due to the large inter-molecular spaces.

When the relative humidity is _________, no evaporation is generally possible.

  1. 80%

  2. 100%

  3. 90%

  4. None of these


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

When the relative humidity is 100%, no evaporation is generally possible.

Which of the following statements is true about the effect of temperature on the state of matter?

  1. Increase in temperature increases the potential energy of particles in solids and liquids.

  2. Increase in temperature increases the kinetic energy of the particles in solids and liquids.

  3. Energy provided by heat increases the forces of attraction among the particles of solids and liquids.

  4. With an increase in temperature, the particles arrange themselves in the form of solids and liquids.


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

With an increase in temperature, the forces of attraction between particles become weak and they start vibrating and finally, change into another form of matter.

How does the evaporation of acetone from your hand cause a cooling effect?

  1. By the absorption of energy from the palm

  2. By the release of energy from acetone

  3. By the loss of energy from the atmosphere

  4. By the gain of energy from the atmosphere


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The particles of acetone gain/absorb energy from the palm and evaporate, causing a cooling effect.

Why does the temperature remain constant during the melting of ice, although heat is continuously supplied?

  1. Because heat is used up in breaking the bonds between the particles

  2. Because heat is lost in the atmosphere

  3. Because heat is used up in maintaining equilibrium in the system and surroundings

  4. Because heat is absorbed by the container


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

During the melting of ice, the temperature of the system remains constant at 0o C,till all the ice melts, eventhough heat is continuously supplied. This is because the heat supplied is used up in changing the state by overcoming the forces of attraction between the particles. As this heat energy is absorbed by the ice without showing any rise in temperature, it is called latent heat of fusion. 

Which of the following statements is a condition for evaporation?

  1. Heat energy absorbed is equal to the latent heat of vaporisation.

  2. Heat energy absorbed is less than the latent heat of vaporisation.

  3. Heat energy absorbed is more than the latent heat of vaporisation.

  4. Heat energy absorbed is independent of the latent heat of vaporisation.


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

During evaporation, the particles at the surface of a liquid gain energy from the surroundings or body surface and change into vapours. The heat energy equal to the latent heat of vaporisation is absorbed from the body, giving a cooling effect. 

Today, our teacher told us about the fifth state of matter, which is super cool. It got its name after

  1. Satyendra Nath Bose

  2. Albert Einstein

  3. Both (1) and (2)

  4. None of these


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Satyendra Nath Bose and Albert Einstein predicted the fifth state of matter. Thus, it got its name as Bose-Einstein Condensate (BEC).

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