0

Animal Behaviour

Description: GATE_LS_Zoology_Behavior
Number of Questions: 20
Created by:
Tags: GATE_LS_Zoology_Behavior Animal World
Attempted 0/20 Correct 0 Score 0

The reaction which causes animals to escape from actual or possible dangers in the environment is known as

  1. threat

  2. shelter

  3. appeasement

  4. avoidance


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

The reaction which causes animals to escape from actual or possible dangers in the environment is known as avoidance.

By which of the following methods can the several aspects linked with animal behaviour be studied?

  1. Experimental assessment and statistical analysis under natural conditions

  2. Morphological studies, experimental assessment and statistical analysis

  3. Statistical analysis and physiological studies under natural conditions

  4. Morphological studies, statistical analysis and physiological studies


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The several aspects linked with animal behaviour can be studied by experimental assessment and statistical analysis under natural conditions.

In a specific behaviour pattern, females prefer those males who have the most exaggerated courting character. What is this pattern called?

  1. Sexual selection

  2. Selecting the member of right species

  3. Monogamy

  4. Courtship


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

In a specific behaviour pattern, females prefer those males who have the most exaggerated courting character. It is called sexual selection.

Which of the following is a disadvantage of living in groups?

  1. Reduction in predator pressure

  2. Increased competition within a group

  3. Increased exploitation risk

  4. Reduced fitness because of inbreeding


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Disadvantages of living in groups are increased diseases and sickness and increased vulnerability.

An example of learned behaviour is

  1. instinct

  2. habituation

  3. reflex action

  4. fixed action pattern


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

An example of such a behaviour is habituation.

In classical conditioning, the unconditioned response to an unconditioned stimulus is transmitted to a conditioned stimulus. The first systematic study on such a phenomenon was done by

  1. Harry Harlow

  2. B. F. Skinner

  3. Niko Tinbergen

  4. Ivan Pavlov


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Ivan Pavlov was a Russian physiologist who is known for his work on classical conditioning.

Which of following statements is not correct?

  1. Fixed action pattern is not specific and needs previous experience.

  2. All individuals of an identical species respond similarly to stereotyped behaviour.

  3. Classical conditioning is also known as Pavlovian conditioning.

  4. Maximum behaviour is partially derived and partially learned.


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

"Fixed action pattern is not specific and needs previous experience" is an incorrect statement. Other statements are correct. Complex Innate Behaviors Are Known As Fixed Action Patterns. Innate behaviors are performed without learning or prior experience.  

There are particular centres and circuits in animals' nervous system which produce fixed and stereotyped responses to evidence stimuli. What is this mechanism called?

  1. Effector mechanism

  2. Innate releasing mechanism

  3. Concept of motivation

  4. Sensory perceptual mechanism


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

An innate releasing mechanism is a hypothetical innate system within an animal that responds to a stimulus in the environment to produce a pre-programmed stereotyped behavior or fixed action pattern. 

If a male white-crowned sparrow is hatched and reared in separation, but at the time of crucial imprinting period (10-50 days after hatching) is allowed to hear a male’s song from any various sparrow species, then at maturity, the separated white-crown male will

  1. sing a specific song that is not sung by any other species

  2. not sing at all

  3. sing a song of its own white-crown species

  4. sing a song of the species to which he listened during the crucial period


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

At maturity, the separated white-crowned male will sing a specific song that it does not learn directly from its father, but rather from the generalised song environment of its natal neighborhood. 

Tactile communication takes place in combination with

  1. auditory signals

  2. olfactory signals

  3. visual signals

  4. All of the above


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Tactile communication takes place in combination with auditory signals, olfactory signals and visual signals.

When an animal reacts to a stimulus with a native, species-specific, stereotyped series of actions, this series is known as

  1. fixed action pattern

  2. habituation

  3. innate releasing mechanism

  4. sensitisation


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

This series is known as fixed action pattern.

Which of the following statements about releasers is correct?

  1. An animal reacts to the releaser when it is sexually mature.

  2. They stimulate learned behavior pattern.

  3. They are learned by imprinting.

  4. They are simple sensory cues subsets available to the animal.


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Statement 4 is a correct statement.

Which of the following statements is not correct regarding the singing of male birds?

  1. They usually sing at dawn or sunset.

  2. All songs are learned from their parents.

  3. It is performed for claiming a territory.

  4. It is a typical property of a species.


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

"All songs are learned from their parents" is an incorrect statement. Rest of the options are correct.

Dominance hierarchies are most typical when

  1. resources are potent in a part of the environment

  2. there is no parental care

  3. males are larger than the females

  4. resources are equally distributed throughout the environment


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Dominance hierarchies are most typical when resources are potent in a part of the environment.

An almost universal cost co-related with group living is

  1. poorer access to the sleeping sites

  2. poorer access to the mates

  3. higher exposure to parasites and diseases

  4. increased predation risk


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

An almost universal cost co-related with group living is higher exposure to parasites and diseases. 

Imprinting is the word utilised in psychology and ethology for describing any type of phase-sensitive learning which is fast and relatively independent of the result of behaviour. It was first utilised to explain the situation where an animal or individual learns the properties of some stimulus, which is accordingly known as “imprinted”.

Which of the following options defines the word ’imprinting’ as in animal behaviour?

  1. Time-dependent form of learning behaviour by exposure to indicate stimulus

  2. Native behaviour of the given animal which is usually determined

  3. Learned behaviour that an animal displays at the time of different stages of its life

  4. None of these


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

In animal behaviour, the word ’imprinting’ defines rapid learning that occurs during a brief receptive period, typically soon after birth or hatching and establishes a long-lasting behavioral response to a specific individual or object, as attachment to parent, offspring or site. 

Imprinting is the word utilised in psychology and ethology for describing any type of phase-sensitive learning which is fast and relatively independent of the result of behaviour. It was first utilised to explain the situation where an animal or individual learns the properties of some stimulus, which is accordingly known as “imprinted”.

Which of following statements is correct regarding imprinting?

  1. It is not critical to usual behavioural development.

  2. It takes place only in birds.

  3. Its impact continues only for a short period of time.

  4. It is a fast form of learning.


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Imprinting is a fast form of learning which is used in the study of psychology and ethology for describing any types of phase-sensitive learning which is relatively independent of the result of behaviour.

Classical conditioning or Pavlovian conditioning is a type of learning where the conditioned stimulus (CS) appears to indicate the existence of the second stimulus, i.e., the unconditioned stimulus (US), which is a stimulus that causes a response in the organism. Conditioned response is a learned response to the early neutral stimulus. US is generally a biologically relevant stimulus like pain or food, which evokes a response from the start and is is termed as unconditioned response (UR).

Which of the following options give(s) the correct name for classical conditioning?

  1. Operant conditioning

  2. Pavlovian conditioning

  3. Both (1) and (2)

  4. None of these


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Classical conditioning is also known as Pavlovian conditioning or respondent conditioning.

Classical conditioning or Pavlovian conditioning is a type of learning where the conditioned stimulus (CS) appears to indicate the existence of the second stimulus, i.e. the unconditioned stimulus (US), which is a stimulus that causes a response in the organism. Conditioned response is a learned response to the early neutral stimulus. US is generally a biologically relevant stimulus like pain or food, which evokes a response from the start and is is termed as unconditioned response (UR).

Which of the following statements is correct regarding classical conditioning?

  1. An insignificant stimulus may evoke a response due to its co-relation with a common stimulus.

  2. An animal co-relates a behaviour with an award or punishment.

  3. An animal learns as the result of trial and fault.

  4. Sensitivity to worthless or repetitive stimuli takes place.


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Classical conditioning is  a learning procedure in which a biologically potent stimulus (e.g. food) is paired with a previously neutral stimulus (e.g. a bell).

Match the following:

 
Column I Column II
A. Association 1. A dolphin learns the instruction “throw ball” and “retrieve ring”. First time, the trainer instructs “retrieve ball”, the dolphin does it perfectly.
B. Imitation 2. A cat learns to come running into the kitchen when it hears the electric can opener.
C. Innovation 3. When their mother was killed, ducklings on the field learned to pursue a tractor.
D. Imprinting 4. Young monkeys observe and listen when their parents provide a warning call while they observe a snake. From the next time, young monkeys also provide the warning call.
  1. A - 1, B - 2, C - 3, D - 4

  2. A - 2, B - 1, C - 3, D - 4

  3. A - 2, B - 4, C - 1, D - 3

  4. A - 4, B - 2, C - 2, D - 1


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

A - 2, B - 4, C - 1, D - 3

- Hide questions