A program that implements such a text interface is often called a command-line interpreter. UNIX shell is a command line interpreter.

A Java applet is a small application written in Java, and delivered to users in the form of bytecode. The user launches the Java applet from a webpage.

Software verification is a discipline of software engineering whose goal is to assure that software fully satisfies all the expected requirements.

A Gateway is a network node equipped for interfacing with another network that uses different protocols.

An intranet is a computer network that uses Internet Protocol technology to share information, operational systems, or computing services within an organization. This term is used in contrast to internet, a network between organizations, and instead refers to a network within an organization

Networking is the practice of linking two or more computing devices together for the purpose of sharing data.

An Ethernet hub, active hub, network hub, repeater hub, multiport repeater or hub is a device for connecting multiple Ethernet devices together and making them act as a single network segment.

A ring network is a network topology in which each node connects to exactly two other nodes, forming a single continuous pathway for signals through each node - a ring.

A computer is identified on Internet through its IP address.

A logic gate is an idealized or physical device implementing a Boolean function, that is, it performs a logical operation on one or more logical inputs, and produces a single logical output. It is the basic unit of any digital circuit.

a firewall is a software or hardware-based network security system that controls the incoming and outgoing network traffic by analyzing the data packets and determining whether they should be allowed through or not, based on a rule set. A firewall establishes a barrier between a trusted, secure internal network and another network (e.g., the Internet) that is not assumed to be secure and trusted.

A management information system (MIS) provides information that organizations require to manage themselves efficiently and effectively.Management information systems are typically computer systems used for managing five primary components: 1.) Hardware, 2.) Software, 3.) Data (information for decision making), 4.) Procedures (design,development and documentation), and 5.) People (individuals, groups, or organizations).

Artificial intelligence (AI) is technology and a branch of computer science that studies and develops intelligent machines and software. Major AI researchers and textbooks define the field as "the study and design of intelligent agents", where an intelligent agent is a system that perceives its environment and takes actions that maximize its chances of success.

POP (Post Office Protocol) is a protocol used by local e-mail clients to retrieve e-mail from a remote server.

A source code editor is a text editor program designed specifically for editing source code of computer programs by programmers.