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Evolution

Description: multiple choice
Number of Questions: 16
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Tags: zoology evolution cell Evolution
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Who among the following human ancestors was characterised as a member of the human lineage by Davidson Black on the basis of a single tooth?

  1. Cro-Magnon man

  2. Australopithecus

  3. Homo habilis

  4. Peking man

  5. Java man


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Peking Man (Homo erectus) was characterised as a member of the human lineage by Davidson Black on the basis of a single tooth. He is considered more advanced than Java man in possessing greater cranial capacity and nonoverlapping canine teeth.

Who among the following scientists advocated the theory of intelligent evolution?

According to the theory of intelligent evolution, a theory of common descent is based on the natural selection that is strictly delimited by the principle of utility.

  1. Charles Darwin

  2. Ernst Haeckel

  3. Weismann

  4. Alfred Wallace

  5. Georges Lemaitre


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Alfred Wallace developed a theory of natural selection at the same time as Charles Darwin and advocated the theory of intelligent evolution, a theory of common descent based on the natural selection that is strictly delimited by the principle of utility.

The ‘Age of amphibians’ has been attributed to the __________.

In terms of evolution, geological time scale describes the various stages in the history of life on earth.

  1. Coenozoic era

  2. Mesozoic era

  3. Devonian period

  4. Cambrian period

  5. Permian period


Correct Option: E
Explanation:

Permian period represents ‘Age of Amphibians’, well dominated by various amphibians.

Who among the following scientists received Nobel Prize for the studies on chlorophyll pigments?

  1. A. Kossel

  2. R. Wilstatter

  3. M. Tswett

  4. Kary Mullis

  5. Park and Pon


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

R. Wilstatter received Nobel Prize for studies on chlorophyll pigments.

The evolutionary fact that the warm blooded animals residing in the colder regions possess larger body parts than their counterparts in the warmer regions can be explained by _____________.

In terms of evolution, associations of body size and of body temperature with the fitness have complex relationships for animals.

  1. Gloger’s rule

  2. Dollo’s rule

  3. Bergman’s rule

  4. Cope’s rule

  5. Allen’s rule


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Bergman’s rule states that the warm blooded animals residing in the colder regions possess larger body parts than those in the warmer regions.

The ‘Age of trilobites’ has been attributed to which of the following periods?

In terms of evolution, geological time scale describes the various stages in the history of life on earth.

  1. Carboniferous period

  2. Ordovician period

  3. Cambrian period

  4. Devonian period

  5. Permian Period


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

 The ‘Age of trilobites’ has been attributed to the Cambrian period. The Cambrian period is famous for Cambrian explosion when major groups of animals appeared in the fossil record in a relatively brief phase of time leading to diversification on a large scale.

The evolutionary concept that evolution is not reversible and the characteristics once discarded during the track of evolution do not reappear in a given line of organisms was given by which of the following rules?

  1. Allen's rule

  2. Cope's rule

  3. Shannon's rule

  4. Jordan's rule

  5. Dollo's rule


Correct Option: E
Explanation:

Dollo's rule states that the evolution is not reversible and that the characteristics or functions once discarded during the track of evolution do not reappear in a given line of organisms.

Which of the following represents the first three-toed grazer fossil of the horse in terms of evolution of horses?

The evolutionary history of the horse depicts a number of fossil forms till the arrival of the modern horse forms.

  1. Hyracotherium

  2. Dinohippus

  3. Merychippus

  4. Pliohippus

  5. Equus


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

In terms of evolution, Merychippus was the first three-toed grazer fossil of the horse; the central toe bore the most of the body weight.

Who among the following scientists provided the first evidence against inheritance of acquired character?

Lamarck proposed the theory of inheritance of acquired characters and the theory of use or disuse of organs.

  1. Charles Darwin

  2. Herbert Spencer

  3. Alfred Wallace y.

  4. Paul Kammerer

  5. August Weismann


Correct Option: E
Explanation:

August Weismann who proposed the theory of continuity of germplasm also provided the first evidence against inheritance of acquired character.

Which of the following evolutionary rules is depicted by the fossil record of the horses?

The evolutionary history of the horse depicts a number of fossil forms till the arrival of the modern horse forms.

  1. Allen's rule

  2. Cope's rule

  3. Jordan's rule

  4. Bergman's rule

  5. Dollo's rule


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

The evolutionary history of the horse depicts a good example of Cope's rule that states that the animals tend to increase in body size during the course of evolution.

Who among the following scientists proposed the theory of mutation in order to explain the mechanism of evolution?

In terms of evolution, mutation is considered as the ultimate source of organic evolution.

  1. Alfred Wallace

  2. August Weismann

  3. Charles Darwin

  4. Hugo de Vries

  5. Ernst Haeckel


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Hugo de Vries proposed the mutation theory according to which new species arise from the existing species by a sudden change known as mutation.

Who among the following scientists propounded the principles of geology?

  1. Sewall Wright

  2. Thomas Malthus

  3. Charles Lyell

  4. Lynn Margulis

  5. Herbert Spencer


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Charles Lyell propounded the principles of geology explaining the various geological changes on the Earth's surface.

Who among the following scientists was famous for the explanation of industrial melanism in Biston betularia?

The phenomenon of ‘industrial melanism’ refers to the darkening of arthropod species in response to environmental pollutants.

  1. Alfred Wegener

  2. Charles Darwin

  3. Bernard Kettlewell

  4. Sewall Wright

  5. Thomas Malthus


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Bernard Kettlewell provided the explanation of the phenomenon of ‘industrial melanism’ in Biston betularia.

Who among the following scientists proposed the theory of catastrophism?

The theory of catastrophism is one of the theories put forward in terms of origin of life on earth. The theory stresses on the various geological changes on the earth.

  1. Wallace

  2. Darwin

  3. Weismann

  4. Wegener

  5. Cuvier


Correct Option: E
Explanation:

Cuvier proposed the theory of catastrophism that stresses on the various geological changes on the earth.

Which of the following periods in the Palaeozoic era is considered the most recent?

In terms of evolution, geological time scale describes the various stages in the history of life on earth. The Paleozoic era, commonly known as cradle of ancient life was the era divided into 6 periods.

  1. Cambrian

  2. Ordovician

  3. Silurian

  4. Carboniferous

  5. Permian


Correct Option: E
Explanation:

The Permian period was the most recent period of the Paleozoic era.

Which of the following represents a living genus of lungfish?

 In terms of evolution, lung fish represents genus of living air-breathing fishes  and  is often considered as the connecting link between fishes and amphibians.

  1. Neocoelia

  2. Neoceratodus

  3. Neopilina

  4. Neomenia

  5. Peripatus


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Neoceratodus is a well-known living Australian lungfish under Class Osteichthyes of Phylum Chordata.

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